Different levels of Ih determine distinct temporal integration in
... Bursting and regular-spiking neurons display similar morphology. The difference in I h between the two classes of neurons is not responsible for the distinct firing patterns, as neither pharmacological blockade of I h nor enhancement of I h using a dynamic clamp affects the qualitative firing patter ...
... Bursting and regular-spiking neurons display similar morphology. The difference in I h between the two classes of neurons is not responsible for the distinct firing patterns, as neither pharmacological blockade of I h nor enhancement of I h using a dynamic clamp affects the qualitative firing patter ...
Lemniscal recurrent and transcortical influences on
... rhythmic oscillations of the membrane potential that made it difficult to study the synaptic responses. Membrane depolarization close to −20 mV was necessary to uncover the EPSPs responsible of the presumed recurrent spikes. These short-latency spikes could be blocked in five CL cells in which they ...
... rhythmic oscillations of the membrane potential that made it difficult to study the synaptic responses. Membrane depolarization close to −20 mV was necessary to uncover the EPSPs responsible of the presumed recurrent spikes. These short-latency spikes could be blocked in five CL cells in which they ...
Molekuláris bionika és Infobionika Szakok tananyagának komplex
... PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY Consortium members ...
... PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY Consortium members ...
the primate amygdala and reinforcement: a
... In a study designed to test the hypothesis that the responses of amygdaloid neurons depend on the reinforcing value of visual stimuli, Sanghera et al. (1979) found neurons in the dorsolateral amygdala that responded primarily to foods and to the reward-associated visual stimulus in a visual discrimi ...
... In a study designed to test the hypothesis that the responses of amygdaloid neurons depend on the reinforcing value of visual stimuli, Sanghera et al. (1979) found neurons in the dorsolateral amygdala that responded primarily to foods and to the reward-associated visual stimulus in a visual discrimi ...
Short title: Thalamocortical computations during tactile sensation
... thalamic input at baseline, during whisker movement and during touch. We used the model to ...
... thalamic input at baseline, during whisker movement and during touch. We used the model to ...
Estimating Fast Neural Input Using Anatomical and
... have a direct connection to (T). Some of those neurons may also send collaterals elsewhere, hence contributing to the indirect activity. Right: synapse specific recordings allows quantification of the direct input to the target neuron exclusively while sparing indirect paths. (C) Functional connecti ...
... have a direct connection to (T). Some of those neurons may also send collaterals elsewhere, hence contributing to the indirect activity. Right: synapse specific recordings allows quantification of the direct input to the target neuron exclusively while sparing indirect paths. (C) Functional connecti ...
Amo, Neuron, 2014
... by the active avoidance of potentially dangerous environments is often more effective for animal survival than panic behavior alone. A candidate site responsible for active avoidance is the lateral habenula (LHb). In mammals, LHb neurons are phasically activated to negative or aversive emotional eve ...
... by the active avoidance of potentially dangerous environments is often more effective for animal survival than panic behavior alone. A candidate site responsible for active avoidance is the lateral habenula (LHb). In mammals, LHb neurons are phasically activated to negative or aversive emotional eve ...
AP150 PATHWAYS ASSIGNMENT
... An action potential begins on a ___UPPER MOTOR_ neurons that leaves the __FRONTAL__ lobe of the brain and passes through the ____CEREBRAL PENDUNCLES__ of the midbrain and then the __PYRAMIDS__ of the medulla oblongata where it then decussates and travels down a __ANTERIOR OR LATTERAL __ column to th ...
... An action potential begins on a ___UPPER MOTOR_ neurons that leaves the __FRONTAL__ lobe of the brain and passes through the ____CEREBRAL PENDUNCLES__ of the midbrain and then the __PYRAMIDS__ of the medulla oblongata where it then decussates and travels down a __ANTERIOR OR LATTERAL __ column to th ...
Chapter 8 The Nervous System
... synapse with several postganglionic neurons whose axons extend to spinal or autonomic nerves to terminate in visceral effectors • A chain of sympathetic ganglia is in front of and at each side of the spinal column ...
... synapse with several postganglionic neurons whose axons extend to spinal or autonomic nerves to terminate in visceral effectors • A chain of sympathetic ganglia is in front of and at each side of the spinal column ...
Patterns of neuronal migration in the embryonic cortex
... techniques had also noted that migrating neurons paused or ‘sojourned’ in the lower IZ –SVZ during radial migration [76]. Time-lapse imaging of cells in phase two demonstrates that multipolar cells are highly dynamic, extending and retracting processes and moving within the SVZ. Neurons do not appea ...
... techniques had also noted that migrating neurons paused or ‘sojourned’ in the lower IZ –SVZ during radial migration [76]. Time-lapse imaging of cells in phase two demonstrates that multipolar cells are highly dynamic, extending and retracting processes and moving within the SVZ. Neurons do not appea ...
Self-Organizing Feature Maps with Lateral Connections: Modeling
... and lateral input connections ( gure 2b). However, in order to develop a good coverage of the input space, it is necessary that these processes gradually become more focused and local. As self-organization proceeds in LISSOM, neuronal responses grow more nonlinear and weak lateral connections die o ...
... and lateral input connections ( gure 2b). However, in order to develop a good coverage of the input space, it is necessary that these processes gradually become more focused and local. As self-organization proceeds in LISSOM, neuronal responses grow more nonlinear and weak lateral connections die o ...
Neuronal Calcium Signaling Review
... 1996). Calcium release in cardiac cells is mediated by the type 2 RYR, which is the predominant isoform found in the brain. In cardiac cells, these RYR2 channels are closely apposed to the Ca21 channels in the plasma membrane across the 15 nm junctional gap that separates the sarcolemma from the sar ...
... 1996). Calcium release in cardiac cells is mediated by the type 2 RYR, which is the predominant isoform found in the brain. In cardiac cells, these RYR2 channels are closely apposed to the Ca21 channels in the plasma membrane across the 15 nm junctional gap that separates the sarcolemma from the sar ...
The effect of spinal cord injury on the neurochemical properties of
... April N. Herritya,b, Jeffrey C. Petruskaa,b,c, David P. Stirlingb,c,d, Kristofer K. Raua,b,e and ...
... April N. Herritya,b, Jeffrey C. Petruskaa,b,c, David P. Stirlingb,c,d, Kristofer K. Raua,b,e and ...
Dynamics of sensory processing in the dual olfactory pathway of the
... specific (∼25 % activating odors) than l-PNs (∼50 %), albeit tested at the highest stimulus concentration (pure odors). The general result of a rather broad odor tuning at the level of PNs has been observed in different insect species (Wilson et al. 2004; Schlief and Wilson 2007; Perez-Orive et al. ...
... specific (∼25 % activating odors) than l-PNs (∼50 %), albeit tested at the highest stimulus concentration (pure odors). The general result of a rather broad odor tuning at the level of PNs has been observed in different insect species (Wilson et al. 2004; Schlief and Wilson 2007; Perez-Orive et al. ...
PDF
... In this Section we consider our simple mathematical model of axon growth (Li et al., 2007; Borisyuk et al., 2008). This model has been studied in detail and has been used here for generation of the connectome model of the whole spinal cord. For the convenience of the reader we include here a brief r ...
... In this Section we consider our simple mathematical model of axon growth (Li et al., 2007; Borisyuk et al., 2008). This model has been studied in detail and has been used here for generation of the connectome model of the whole spinal cord. For the convenience of the reader we include here a brief r ...
Striatal Plasticity and Basal Ganglia Circuit Function
... et al., 2006; Tepper et al., 2004). Synaptic plasticity at multiple sites within the striatal microcircuit can therefore regulate striatal output (Figure 2). Corticostriatal and Thalamostriatal Synapses on MSNs The majority of striatal physiology studies have examined synaptic transmission and plast ...
... et al., 2006; Tepper et al., 2004). Synaptic plasticity at multiple sites within the striatal microcircuit can therefore regulate striatal output (Figure 2). Corticostriatal and Thalamostriatal Synapses on MSNs The majority of striatal physiology studies have examined synaptic transmission and plast ...
Circuit Architecture of VTA Dopamine Neurons Revealed by
... direct synaptic inputs from diverse neuronal types in a wide range of brain regions. We quantified input neurons in 22 brain regions (see Supplemental Experimental Procedures for details) and calculated the proportion of inputs from each region for both DAT-Cre- and GAD2-Cre-based tracing (Figure 1P ...
... direct synaptic inputs from diverse neuronal types in a wide range of brain regions. We quantified input neurons in 22 brain regions (see Supplemental Experimental Procedures for details) and calculated the proportion of inputs from each region for both DAT-Cre- and GAD2-Cre-based tracing (Figure 1P ...
Neuronal Correlates for Preparatory Set Associated with Pro
... Schmolesky et al., 1998). For comparing stimulus-related responses, we determined the mean activity in the interval 65 msec around the peak of neuronal activation in a time window from 70 to 140 msec after stimulus appearance, and the prestimulus activation in the interval 40 –50 msec after stimulus ...
... Schmolesky et al., 1998). For comparing stimulus-related responses, we determined the mean activity in the interval 65 msec around the peak of neuronal activation in a time window from 70 to 140 msec after stimulus appearance, and the prestimulus activation in the interval 40 –50 msec after stimulus ...
Evolution of central pattern generators and rhythmic behaviours
... metamorphosis offers a glimpse into how the evolutionary process of transforming a CPG based on an axial half-centre to a ...
... metamorphosis offers a glimpse into how the evolutionary process of transforming a CPG based on an axial half-centre to a ...
Gustatory processing is dynamic and distributed Donald B
... in the spike trains, such as adaptation, bursting, or poststimulus response dynamics. In addition, neither theory allows for the interactions between neurons that would be expected to induce temporal structure in the neural responses (for recent reviews, see [15,16]). To the extent that these phenom ...
... in the spike trains, such as adaptation, bursting, or poststimulus response dynamics. In addition, neither theory allows for the interactions between neurons that would be expected to induce temporal structure in the neural responses (for recent reviews, see [15,16]). To the extent that these phenom ...
Behavioral Detectability of Single-Cell Stimulation in the Ventral
... Analysis. We restricted the analysis of behavioral responses to those single-cell stimulation and catch trials in which animals were considered attentive, as judged by their performance in microstimulation trials. Specifically, singlecell stimulation trials and catch trials were included if the anim ...
... Analysis. We restricted the analysis of behavioral responses to those single-cell stimulation and catch trials in which animals were considered attentive, as judged by their performance in microstimulation trials. Specifically, singlecell stimulation trials and catch trials were included if the anim ...
neural representation and the cortical code
... The content of a neuronal signal is the message or information that the signal provides when decoded. This can be assessed using the classical approach based upon the tuning curve, or it can be assessed using more recent stimulus reconstruction methods. Studies of tuning in each sensory modality hav ...
... The content of a neuronal signal is the message or information that the signal provides when decoded. This can be assessed using the classical approach based upon the tuning curve, or it can be assessed using more recent stimulus reconstruction methods. Studies of tuning in each sensory modality hav ...
Expression of NADPH-d in the vagal nuclei of the
... Several studies demonstrated the presence and importance of NO in vagal pathways. NO is involved in the control of esophageal peristalsis (30–32). Murray et al. (33) suggested that NO has an inhibitory effect on the esophageal muscle contraction. It was reported that NOS expression increases in the ...
... Several studies demonstrated the presence and importance of NO in vagal pathways. NO is involved in the control of esophageal peristalsis (30–32). Murray et al. (33) suggested that NO has an inhibitory effect on the esophageal muscle contraction. It was reported that NOS expression increases in the ...
The Receptive Fields of Inferior Temporal Cortex Neurons in Natural
... the delivery of a taste reward, and the other of which if touched led to the delivery of aversive saline. The two objects were shown in a random sequence in plain backgrounds or complex natural scenes. In this second block of trials, a noneffective stimulus for the cell was normally the target, so t ...
... the delivery of a taste reward, and the other of which if touched led to the delivery of aversive saline. The two objects were shown in a random sequence in plain backgrounds or complex natural scenes. In this second block of trials, a noneffective stimulus for the cell was normally the target, so t ...
Functional Anatomy, Physiology and Clinical Aspects of Basal Ganglia
... The evidence of the anatomical and physiological brain research supported by clinical data and theoretical models suggests there are at least five loops (also called circuits) related to motor, emotional and cognitive functioning control (Alexander et all., 1986; DeLong et all., 1998). The loops div ...
... The evidence of the anatomical and physiological brain research supported by clinical data and theoretical models suggests there are at least five loops (also called circuits) related to motor, emotional and cognitive functioning control (Alexander et all., 1986; DeLong et all., 1998). The loops div ...
Caridoid escape reaction
The caridoid escape reaction, also known as lobstering or tail-flipping, refers to an innate escape mechanism in marine and freshwater crustaceans such as lobsters, krill, shrimp and crayfish.The reaction, most extensively researched in crayfish, allows crustaceans to escape predators through rapid abdominal flexions that produce powerful swimming strokes — thrusting the crustacean backwards through the water and away from danger. The type of response depends on the part of the crustacean stimulated, but this behavior is complex and is regulated both spatially and temporally through the interactions of several neurons.