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... Recently, interest has grown in how the habenula, a poorly understood nucleus providing descending inputs to the tegmentum and raphe, may affect these behavioral states. We have used mouse genetic models to study part of this system, the dorsal medial habenula (dMHb). Here we report that the dMHb is ...
... Recently, interest has grown in how the habenula, a poorly understood nucleus providing descending inputs to the tegmentum and raphe, may affect these behavioral states. We have used mouse genetic models to study part of this system, the dorsal medial habenula (dMHb). Here we report that the dMHb is ...
Vestibular Signals in the Parasolitary Nucleus
... regions bordering Psol. The activity of 72/74 Psol neurons and 4/23 non-Psol neurons was modulated by vestibular stimulation in either the pitch or roll planes but not the horizontal plane. Psol neurons responded in phase with ipsilateral side-down head position or velocity during sinusoidal stimula ...
... regions bordering Psol. The activity of 72/74 Psol neurons and 4/23 non-Psol neurons was modulated by vestibular stimulation in either the pitch or roll planes but not the horizontal plane. Psol neurons responded in phase with ipsilateral side-down head position or velocity during sinusoidal stimula ...
Title
... Empirical evidence shows that deficits in the experience of a certain emotion and selective deficits in FaBER tests of that same emotion reliably occur together. Goldman cites FaBER tests on patients with such deficits. For example, patients with damage to the amygdala, parts of the brain located de ...
... Empirical evidence shows that deficits in the experience of a certain emotion and selective deficits in FaBER tests of that same emotion reliably occur together. Goldman cites FaBER tests on patients with such deficits. For example, patients with damage to the amygdala, parts of the brain located de ...
During Arm-Reaching and Isometric-Force Tasks
... correlated to movement forces through the Newtonian laws of motion. These various findings suggest that the arm movement representation in area 5 expressed primarily the kinematic attributes of motor outputs. In at least one preliminary report, however, both area 5 and M1 neurons were found to be mo ...
... correlated to movement forces through the Newtonian laws of motion. These various findings suggest that the arm movement representation in area 5 expressed primarily the kinematic attributes of motor outputs. In at least one preliminary report, however, both area 5 and M1 neurons were found to be mo ...
Anticipated synchronization in neuronal circuits
... master’s dynamics unperturbed and change just the slave’s couplings. In this Thesis we will deal with the former case. 1.1.1 Physical systems When Voss introduced the concept of AS, he proposed that it would open new avenues in the study, prediction and control of chaotic systems [4, 6, 5]. Indeed, ...
... master’s dynamics unperturbed and change just the slave’s couplings. In this Thesis we will deal with the former case. 1.1.1 Physical systems When Voss introduced the concept of AS, he proposed that it would open new avenues in the study, prediction and control of chaotic systems [4, 6, 5]. Indeed, ...
Kandel ch. 43 + Two review papers
... THE BASAL GANGLIA CONSIST of four nuclei, portions of which play a major role in normal voluntary movement. Unlike most other components of the motor system, however, they do not have direct input or output connections with the spinal cord. These nuclei receive their primary input from the cerebral ...
... THE BASAL GANGLIA CONSIST of four nuclei, portions of which play a major role in normal voluntary movement. Unlike most other components of the motor system, however, they do not have direct input or output connections with the spinal cord. These nuclei receive their primary input from the cerebral ...
Synaptic Targets of Medial Septal Projections in the Hippocampus
... for two AAV-injected PV-Cre mice (animals GU41 and GU42). Following overnight postfixation in a glutaraldehyde-free fixative, brains were washed thoroughly in 0.1 M PB and sectioned coronally or horizontally at 60 – 80 m thickness using a Leica VT 1000S vibratome (Leica Microsystems). Sections were ...
... for two AAV-injected PV-Cre mice (animals GU41 and GU42). Following overnight postfixation in a glutaraldehyde-free fixative, brains were washed thoroughly in 0.1 M PB and sectioned coronally or horizontally at 60 – 80 m thickness using a Leica VT 1000S vibratome (Leica Microsystems). Sections were ...
Central and peripheral chemoreceptors evoke distinct responses in
... The brainstem network for generating and modulating the respiratory motor pattern includes neurons of the medullary ventrolateral respiratory column (VRC), dorsolateral pons (PRG) and raphé nuclei. Midline raphé neurons are proposed to be elements of a distributed brainstem system of central chemo ...
... The brainstem network for generating and modulating the respiratory motor pattern includes neurons of the medullary ventrolateral respiratory column (VRC), dorsolateral pons (PRG) and raphé nuclei. Midline raphé neurons are proposed to be elements of a distributed brainstem system of central chemo ...
The Autonomic Nervous System and Visceral Sensory Neurons 15
... best illustrated by a person who is relaxing after dinner and reading the newspaper. Heart rate and respiratory rates are at lownormal levels, and the gastrointestinal tract is digesting food. The pupils are constricted as the eyes focus for close vision. As you explore the sympathetic and parasympa ...
... best illustrated by a person who is relaxing after dinner and reading the newspaper. Heart rate and respiratory rates are at lownormal levels, and the gastrointestinal tract is digesting food. The pupils are constricted as the eyes focus for close vision. As you explore the sympathetic and parasympa ...
Spinal cord
... • Spinal cord anatomy in cross section (continued) • Spinal nerve • Contains axons of both sensory and motor neurons • Sensory enter CNS through dorsal root ...
... • Spinal cord anatomy in cross section (continued) • Spinal nerve • Contains axons of both sensory and motor neurons • Sensory enter CNS through dorsal root ...
View/Open - eDiss - Georg-August
... units by sorting algorithms. Tungsten wires exhibited stable recordings with higher signal-to-noise ratio than copper wires. Due to the tight temporal coupling of auditory activity to the stimulus spike collisions were frequent and collision analysis retrieved 10–15% of additional spikes. Physiologi ...
... units by sorting algorithms. Tungsten wires exhibited stable recordings with higher signal-to-noise ratio than copper wires. Due to the tight temporal coupling of auditory activity to the stimulus spike collisions were frequent and collision analysis retrieved 10–15% of additional spikes. Physiologi ...
The role of the mirror neuron system in action understanding and
... A study provided evidence in favor of the action understanding theory. Even while a meaningful object was hidden and the last part of a movement could not be seen, some mirror neurons still fired. The monkeys saw beforehand if there was an object present or not. Mirror neurons did not fire when the ...
... A study provided evidence in favor of the action understanding theory. Even while a meaningful object was hidden and the last part of a movement could not be seen, some mirror neurons still fired. The monkeys saw beforehand if there was an object present or not. Mirror neurons did not fire when the ...
Physiological Patterns in the Hippocampo
... Jones and Buhl (1993) observed sustained firing of up to 200 Hz in a small subset of layer II interneurons observed in an in vitro slice preparation. These cells have extensive axonal arbors that form basket-like complexes around stellate and pyramidal neurons in layer II. Wouterlood et al. (1995) d ...
... Jones and Buhl (1993) observed sustained firing of up to 200 Hz in a small subset of layer II interneurons observed in an in vitro slice preparation. These cells have extensive axonal arbors that form basket-like complexes around stellate and pyramidal neurons in layer II. Wouterlood et al. (1995) d ...
Probabilistic models for spike trains of single neurons
... • Answer 1: The PSTH. Different firing rates in different behavioral states could be interesting. • Answer 2: Already described above. • Answer 3: Neurons integrate excitatory post-synaptic potentials (EPSPs) to generate action potentials or spikes which they communicate across their synapses to oth ...
... • Answer 1: The PSTH. Different firing rates in different behavioral states could be interesting. • Answer 2: Already described above. • Answer 3: Neurons integrate excitatory post-synaptic potentials (EPSPs) to generate action potentials or spikes which they communicate across their synapses to oth ...
A neurocomputational model of the mammalian fear
... plausible manner. The model was built using the principles of the Neural Engineering Framework (NEF): a mathematical framework that allows information to be encoded and manipulated in populations of neurons. Each population represents information via the spiking activity of simulated neurons, and is ...
... plausible manner. The model was built using the principles of the Neural Engineering Framework (NEF): a mathematical framework that allows information to be encoded and manipulated in populations of neurons. Each population represents information via the spiking activity of simulated neurons, and is ...
Physiological patterns in the hippocampo
... Jones and Buhl (1993) observed sustained firing of up to 200 Hz in a small subset of layer II interneurons observed in an in vitro slice preparation. These cells have extensive axonal arbors that form basket-like complexes around stellate and pyramidal neurons in layer II. Wouterlood et al. (1995) d ...
... Jones and Buhl (1993) observed sustained firing of up to 200 Hz in a small subset of layer II interneurons observed in an in vitro slice preparation. These cells have extensive axonal arbors that form basket-like complexes around stellate and pyramidal neurons in layer II. Wouterlood et al. (1995) d ...
Poly(A) Binding Protein Nuclear 1 regulates the
... Pabpn1 knock down interferes with homeostatic plasticity Given the above regulation of both Camk2a and Gria2, we next determined whether Pabpn1 and polyadenylation play a role in homeostatic plasticity. We elicited homeostatic plasticity using a 24 hours treatment of bicuculline a gammaaminobutyric ...
... Pabpn1 knock down interferes with homeostatic plasticity Given the above regulation of both Camk2a and Gria2, we next determined whether Pabpn1 and polyadenylation play a role in homeostatic plasticity. We elicited homeostatic plasticity using a 24 hours treatment of bicuculline a gammaaminobutyric ...
Saccade-related spread of activity across superior colliculus may
... error of the ongoing saccade. However, it is still possible that the SC receives input signals that are saccade related, but are not used to compute saccadic error. For example, the end of the SC burst is tightly correlated with the end of the saccade (Waitzman et al. 1991) and interruption of a sac ...
... error of the ongoing saccade. However, it is still possible that the SC receives input signals that are saccade related, but are not used to compute saccadic error. For example, the end of the SC burst is tightly correlated with the end of the saccade (Waitzman et al. 1991) and interruption of a sac ...
Mechanisms for generating and compensating for the
... whether similar interactions between cognition and saccades could be found at the level of microsaccades. These results ushered in a new array of queries about the brain mechanisms associated with microsaccades. Thus, the hallmark of the first decade of the twentyfirst century was a renewed interest i ...
... whether similar interactions between cognition and saccades could be found at the level of microsaccades. These results ushered in a new array of queries about the brain mechanisms associated with microsaccades. Thus, the hallmark of the first decade of the twentyfirst century was a renewed interest i ...
- D-Scholarship@Pitt
... they begin to form relatively crude functional connections. These initial connections undergo substantial synaptic rearrangements during development, which result in precise, mature neuronal circuitry. In many parts of the nervous system, elimination of exuberant inputs is a key process of developme ...
... they begin to form relatively crude functional connections. These initial connections undergo substantial synaptic rearrangements during development, which result in precise, mature neuronal circuitry. In many parts of the nervous system, elimination of exuberant inputs is a key process of developme ...
Central mechanisms of osmosensation and systemic osmoregulation
... 15 minutes56. Osmoreceptors in these areas can therefore detect the osmotic strength of ingested materials and, through afferent connections to the CNS (FIG. 3), induce anticipatory responses that might buffer the potential impact of ingestion-related osmotic perturbations61. Indeed, water intake ca ...
... 15 minutes56. Osmoreceptors in these areas can therefore detect the osmotic strength of ingested materials and, through afferent connections to the CNS (FIG. 3), induce anticipatory responses that might buffer the potential impact of ingestion-related osmotic perturbations61. Indeed, water intake ca ...
Eye Movements - Center for Neural Science
... in distance from the eyes. Binocular convergence is accomplished by adding a gaze control signal, which is different for each eye, to the shared saccadic or pursuit signal. This mechanism of producing binocular convergence is known as Hering’s law of equal innervation. ...
... in distance from the eyes. Binocular convergence is accomplished by adding a gaze control signal, which is different for each eye, to the shared saccadic or pursuit signal. This mechanism of producing binocular convergence is known as Hering’s law of equal innervation. ...
Neuronal basis of sequential foraging decisions in a
... a significant negative slope in 10 (average β = −0.09) and no signi ficant slope in the remainder (P > 0.05, n = 43, average β = 0.041). The 49 neurons with positive slopes constitute the focus of subsequent ana lyses (Supplementary Data 7 and Supplementary Figs. 6 and 7). We next performed the ...
... a significant negative slope in 10 (average β = −0.09) and no signi ficant slope in the remainder (P > 0.05, n = 43, average β = 0.041). The 49 neurons with positive slopes constitute the focus of subsequent ana lyses (Supplementary Data 7 and Supplementary Figs. 6 and 7). We next performed the ...
FEATURE ARTICLE Cortical Auditory Adaptation
... The loudspeaker was located 53 cm above the bottom of the recording chamber. The box was built in black acrylic and had a surface of 22 by 27 cm and the walls had a height of 65 cm. The walls of the box were covered with corrugated cardboard (4 mm thickness) for sound-resonance suppression. Measurem ...
... The loudspeaker was located 53 cm above the bottom of the recording chamber. The box was built in black acrylic and had a surface of 22 by 27 cm and the walls had a height of 65 cm. The walls of the box were covered with corrugated cardboard (4 mm thickness) for sound-resonance suppression. Measurem ...
Paper - Wharton Marketing
... a significant negative slope in 10 (average β = −0.09) and no signi ficant slope in the remainder (P > 0.05, n = 43, average β = 0.041). The 49 neurons with positive slopes constitute the focus of subsequent ana lyses (Supplementary Data 7 and Supplementary Figs. 7 and 8). We next performed the ...
... a significant negative slope in 10 (average β = −0.09) and no signi ficant slope in the remainder (P > 0.05, n = 43, average β = 0.041). The 49 neurons with positive slopes constitute the focus of subsequent ana lyses (Supplementary Data 7 and Supplementary Figs. 7 and 8). We next performed the ...
Caridoid escape reaction
The caridoid escape reaction, also known as lobstering or tail-flipping, refers to an innate escape mechanism in marine and freshwater crustaceans such as lobsters, krill, shrimp and crayfish.The reaction, most extensively researched in crayfish, allows crustaceans to escape predators through rapid abdominal flexions that produce powerful swimming strokes — thrusting the crustacean backwards through the water and away from danger. The type of response depends on the part of the crustacean stimulated, but this behavior is complex and is regulated both spatially and temporally through the interactions of several neurons.