Perception Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity: From Synapse to
... For neural circuits in vivo, however, spiking in both preand postsynaptic cells is likely to be irregular (98), with occasional high-frequency bursts. How well does the STDP window (Fig. 1) account for the effects of complex spike trains? Do all the pre/post spike pairs contribute independently to l ...
... For neural circuits in vivo, however, spiking in both preand postsynaptic cells is likely to be irregular (98), with occasional high-frequency bursts. How well does the STDP window (Fig. 1) account for the effects of complex spike trains? Do all the pre/post spike pairs contribute independently to l ...
Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity: From Synapse to Perception
... STDP window have been observed from the proximal to the intermediate segment of the apical dendrite, other differences may exist in the more distal region. For example, in some neurons, the back-propagating APs may not reach the distal tip of the dendrite, which will preclude the EPSP-AP interaction ...
... STDP window have been observed from the proximal to the intermediate segment of the apical dendrite, other differences may exist in the more distal region. For example, in some neurons, the back-propagating APs may not reach the distal tip of the dendrite, which will preclude the EPSP-AP interaction ...
Learning to classify complex patterns using a VLSI network of
... The learning and classification of natural stimuli are accomplished by biological organisms with remarkable ease, even when the input is noisy or incomplete. Such real-time classification of complex patterns of spike trains is a difficult computational problem that artificial neural networks are con ...
... The learning and classification of natural stimuli are accomplished by biological organisms with remarkable ease, even when the input is noisy or incomplete. Such real-time classification of complex patterns of spike trains is a difficult computational problem that artificial neural networks are con ...
Inhibitory interneurons in a cortical column form hot zones of
... GABAergic) neurons [interneurons (INs)] in a cortical column. Only on the basis of such prevalence numbers is it possible to interpret data on single-cell physiology (1–8) and synaptic connections of pairs of neurons (9–12) at the circuit level. The distribution of cortical neurons and INs has there ...
... GABAergic) neurons [interneurons (INs)] in a cortical column. Only on the basis of such prevalence numbers is it possible to interpret data on single-cell physiology (1–8) and synaptic connections of pairs of neurons (9–12) at the circuit level. The distribution of cortical neurons and INs has there ...
Normalization as a canonical neural computation
... field of neuron j. A number of variations of the normalization equation have been applied to model different systems: Different inputs Dk can be assigned different weights αjk in the normalization pool. These weights define a suppressive field. The suppressive field may differ across neurons (hence ...
... field of neuron j. A number of variations of the normalization equation have been applied to model different systems: Different inputs Dk can be assigned different weights αjk in the normalization pool. These weights define a suppressive field. The suppressive field may differ across neurons (hence ...
Measurement of variability dynamics in cortical spike trains
... 1987). The rate modulated, or non-homogenous renewal process generalizes this concept (Baker and Lemon, 2000; Barbieri et al., 2001; Berry and Meister, 1998; Brown et al., 2001; Oata, 1988; Oram et al., 1999; Reich et al., 1998; Truccolo et al., 2005). Let f (x ) denote the p.d.f. for an arbitrary ...
... 1987). The rate modulated, or non-homogenous renewal process generalizes this concept (Baker and Lemon, 2000; Barbieri et al., 2001; Berry and Meister, 1998; Brown et al., 2001; Oata, 1988; Oram et al., 1999; Reich et al., 1998; Truccolo et al., 2005). Let f (x ) denote the p.d.f. for an arbitrary ...
Differential Spatial Organization of Otolith Signals in Frog Vestibular
... electrodes and to determine the stimulus thresholds for each nerve branch. The recording site for utricular and lagenar stimulation was 0.4 mm caudal to the VIIIth nerve at a depth of 0.4 mm below the top of the brain stem, while the saccular nerve reference site was at the same depth but at the cau ...
... electrodes and to determine the stimulus thresholds for each nerve branch. The recording site for utricular and lagenar stimulation was 0.4 mm caudal to the VIIIth nerve at a depth of 0.4 mm below the top of the brain stem, while the saccular nerve reference site was at the same depth but at the cau ...
On the Biological Plausibility of Grandmother Cells
... On this view, psychological theory should only concern itself with a computational description in which one considers the goals and the strategies for carrying out mental processes. That is, according to Broadbent, findings from neuroscience do not (and never will) matter when developing theories in ...
... On this view, psychological theory should only concern itself with a computational description in which one considers the goals and the strategies for carrying out mental processes. That is, according to Broadbent, findings from neuroscience do not (and never will) matter when developing theories in ...
Distribution of neurons in functional areas of the mouse cerebral
... The face area of S1 contains the most neurons, followed by motor cortex and the primary visual cortex. Remarkably, while the distribution of neurons across functional areas does not accompany the distribution of surface area, it mirrors closely the distribution of cortical volumes—with the exception ...
... The face area of S1 contains the most neurons, followed by motor cortex and the primary visual cortex. Remarkably, while the distribution of neurons across functional areas does not accompany the distribution of surface area, it mirrors closely the distribution of cortical volumes—with the exception ...
Form representation in monkey inferotemporal cortex is virtually
... activity in the inferotemporal cerebral cortex (IT)1,2, but most studies of IT neuronal responses have been done under restricted viewing and task conditions. Typically, non-human primates stare at a fixation point while isolated stimuli are flashed on the retina, often in a task that does not requi ...
... activity in the inferotemporal cerebral cortex (IT)1,2, but most studies of IT neuronal responses have been done under restricted viewing and task conditions. Typically, non-human primates stare at a fixation point while isolated stimuli are flashed on the retina, often in a task that does not requi ...
Reaching beyond the classical receptive field of V1 neurons
... size of the RF center is to stimulate the cell with a moving high contrast sinewave grating of optimal orientation, spatial and temporal frequencies for the cell, and to increase its size until the response of the neuron ceases to increase [20,54,84]. The high contrast summation RF (hsRF) correspond ...
... size of the RF center is to stimulate the cell with a moving high contrast sinewave grating of optimal orientation, spatial and temporal frequencies for the cell, and to increase its size until the response of the neuron ceases to increase [20,54,84]. The high contrast summation RF (hsRF) correspond ...
The primate basal ganglia: parallel and integrative networks
... behaviors, are reflected in the organization, physiology, and connections between areas of frontal cortex and in their projections through basal ganglia circuits. This comprises a series of parallel pathways. However, this model does not address how information flows between circuits thereby develop ...
... behaviors, are reflected in the organization, physiology, and connections between areas of frontal cortex and in their projections through basal ganglia circuits. This comprises a series of parallel pathways. However, this model does not address how information flows between circuits thereby develop ...
Normalization as a canonical neural computation
... The brain has a modular design. The advantages of modularity are well known to engineers: modules that can be replicated and cascaded, such as transistors and web servers, lie at the root of powerful technologies. The brain seems to apply this principle in two ways: with modular circuits and ...
... The brain has a modular design. The advantages of modularity are well known to engineers: modules that can be replicated and cascaded, such as transistors and web servers, lie at the root of powerful technologies. The brain seems to apply this principle in two ways: with modular circuits and ...
Hikosaka O - lsr
... (viewed from the mesial side) corresponds to the vertical extent of the cross-section view of the habenula (scale: 5 mm × 2). The location of the habenula is also indicated in the diagram of the monkey brain (indicated by the orange circle). C, caudate nucleus; cc, corpus callosum; hc, habenular com ...
... (viewed from the mesial side) corresponds to the vertical extent of the cross-section view of the habenula (scale: 5 mm × 2). The location of the habenula is also indicated in the diagram of the monkey brain (indicated by the orange circle). C, caudate nucleus; cc, corpus callosum; hc, habenular com ...
concurrent, distributed control of saccade initiation in the frontal eye
... discharge a high frequency burst of action potentials for saccades into the contralateral hemifield. In addition to the burst, these cells also have a low frequency buildup of activity before the burst. It is believed that at least some LLBNs are innervated by descending projections from higher cent ...
... discharge a high frequency burst of action potentials for saccades into the contralateral hemifield. In addition to the burst, these cells also have a low frequency buildup of activity before the burst. It is believed that at least some LLBNs are innervated by descending projections from higher cent ...
Modelling Neuronal Mechanisms of the Processing of Tones and System
... studied across the dimension of time at multiple scales, AS allows us to encompass in our study not only neuronal processing at the millisecond scale, but also slower mechanisms requiring from tens of milliseconds to over a second to have an effect. In short, we can incorporate great detail while no ...
... studied across the dimension of time at multiple scales, AS allows us to encompass in our study not only neuronal processing at the millisecond scale, but also slower mechanisms requiring from tens of milliseconds to over a second to have an effect. In short, we can incorporate great detail while no ...
Gating of Sensory Input by Spontaneous Cortical Activity
... The cc measure. To quantify the fine temporal relationship between a neuron and population activity, we assessed the asymmetry of the spiketriggered MUA using a previously described measure, cc, defined as the mean spike time of spike-triggered MUA within a 100 ms time window, which is equivalent ...
... The cc measure. To quantify the fine temporal relationship between a neuron and population activity, we assessed the asymmetry of the spiketriggered MUA using a previously described measure, cc, defined as the mean spike time of spike-triggered MUA within a 100 ms time window, which is equivalent ...
Dopamine is produced in the rat spinal cord and regulates
... et al., 2012), indicating that DA in regions other than the brain may modulate micturition. Recent studies revealed that autonomic neurons in the rat lower spinal cord express DA receptors (Gladwell et al., 1999; Stafford and Coote, 2006), suggesting that DA released within the cord helps regulate a ...
... et al., 2012), indicating that DA in regions other than the brain may modulate micturition. Recent studies revealed that autonomic neurons in the rat lower spinal cord express DA receptors (Gladwell et al., 1999; Stafford and Coote, 2006), suggesting that DA released within the cord helps regulate a ...
Article 5 - Graduate Program in Neuroscience | UBC
... of reinforcer (liquid or sound). Each trial contained two delay periods, namely the instruction–trigger delay, during which the animal remembered the type of instruction and prepared for the behavioral reaction (delay 1 in Fig. 1), and the trigger–reinforcer delay, during which the animal could expe ...
... of reinforcer (liquid or sound). Each trial contained two delay periods, namely the instruction–trigger delay, during which the animal remembered the type of instruction and prepared for the behavioral reaction (delay 1 in Fig. 1), and the trigger–reinforcer delay, during which the animal could expe ...
- Valiente Lab
... controls the development of inhibitory circuitries in the mammalian cerebral cortex by cell-autonomously regulating the connectivity of specific GABA (c-aminobutyric acid)-containing interneurons. In contrast to the prevalent view, which supports a role for these genes in the formation and function ...
... controls the development of inhibitory circuitries in the mammalian cerebral cortex by cell-autonomously regulating the connectivity of specific GABA (c-aminobutyric acid)-containing interneurons. In contrast to the prevalent view, which supports a role for these genes in the formation and function ...
PDF version - Richard Andersen
... task. The analysis presented here is based on 161 neurons re(typically 60 ms). For both areas LIP and 7a the distribution of corded from the lateral intraparietal area (LIP), a recently defined subdivision of the IPL; and 54 neurons recorded from the neigh- durations was approximately Gaussian. The ...
... task. The analysis presented here is based on 161 neurons re(typically 60 ms). For both areas LIP and 7a the distribution of corded from the lateral intraparietal area (LIP), a recently defined subdivision of the IPL; and 54 neurons recorded from the neigh- durations was approximately Gaussian. The ...
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
... sympathetic trunk to most of the viscera. • Larger splanchnic nerves have specific names: 1. Greater thoracic splanchnic nerves 2. Lesser thoracic splanchnic nerves 3. Least thoracic splanchnic nerves 4. Lumbar splanchnic nerves 5. Sacral splanchnic nerves ...
... sympathetic trunk to most of the viscera. • Larger splanchnic nerves have specific names: 1. Greater thoracic splanchnic nerves 2. Lesser thoracic splanchnic nerves 3. Least thoracic splanchnic nerves 4. Lumbar splanchnic nerves 5. Sacral splanchnic nerves ...
Thalamic POm projections to the dorsolateral striatum of rats
... interstimulus intervals decreased so that successive stimuli on each trial were presented at intervals of 500 ms (2 Hz), 200 ms (5 Hz), and 125 ms (8 Hz). In both sets of recording experiments, the first stimulus in each block of four stimuli was classified as a 1-Hz stimulus because it was preceded ...
... interstimulus intervals decreased so that successive stimuli on each trial were presented at intervals of 500 ms (2 Hz), 200 ms (5 Hz), and 125 ms (8 Hz). In both sets of recording experiments, the first stimulus in each block of four stimuli was classified as a 1-Hz stimulus because it was preceded ...
Patterns of GABAergic Immunoreactivity Define Subdivisions of the
... auditory thalamic neurons are immunopositive; 3) the density of immunoreactive puncta is independent of the number of GABAergic neurons in the thalamic divisions, with the ventral division having the largest number/unit area, the medial division about 75% of this value, and the dorsal division only ...
... auditory thalamic neurons are immunopositive; 3) the density of immunoreactive puncta is independent of the number of GABAergic neurons in the thalamic divisions, with the ventral division having the largest number/unit area, the medial division about 75% of this value, and the dorsal division only ...
Caridoid escape reaction
The caridoid escape reaction, also known as lobstering or tail-flipping, refers to an innate escape mechanism in marine and freshwater crustaceans such as lobsters, krill, shrimp and crayfish.The reaction, most extensively researched in crayfish, allows crustaceans to escape predators through rapid abdominal flexions that produce powerful swimming strokes — thrusting the crustacean backwards through the water and away from danger. The type of response depends on the part of the crustacean stimulated, but this behavior is complex and is regulated both spatially and temporally through the interactions of several neurons.