vikram_slides1
... 2) Total # of spikes is duration dependent Voting: Which (1 or 2) would you guess to be correct? 2) was actually found to be true!, if one of the stimulus duration was reduced by 50% ...
... 2) Total # of spikes is duration dependent Voting: Which (1 or 2) would you guess to be correct? 2) was actually found to be true!, if one of the stimulus duration was reduced by 50% ...
Peripheral Nervous System
... Some Say ‘Marry Money’; But My Brother Says ‘Bad Business, Marry Money’ ...
... Some Say ‘Marry Money’; But My Brother Says ‘Bad Business, Marry Money’ ...
phys chapter 45 [10-24
... o Activation of receptor enzymes that inhibit cellular metabolic functions that increase number of inhibitory synaptic receptors or decrease number of excitatory receptors Small-molecule transmitters cause most acute responses of nervous system (transmission of sensory signals to brain and motor sig ...
... o Activation of receptor enzymes that inhibit cellular metabolic functions that increase number of inhibitory synaptic receptors or decrease number of excitatory receptors Small-molecule transmitters cause most acute responses of nervous system (transmission of sensory signals to brain and motor sig ...
Neurons, nerves and glia
... the brain and the spinal cord Motor nerves – carry impulses from the CNS to organs Mixed nerves – contain both sensory and motor fibers ...
... the brain and the spinal cord Motor nerves – carry impulses from the CNS to organs Mixed nerves – contain both sensory and motor fibers ...
File - Biology with Radjewski
... • Form of active transport, uses ATP • Na+ ions are pumped out of the cell and exchanged for potassium ions from the outside of the cell • Remember this exchange is uneven. The sodium potassium pump is constantly pumping Na+ out and K+, but the concentration of Na+ is higher outside than inside and ...
... • Form of active transport, uses ATP • Na+ ions are pumped out of the cell and exchanged for potassium ions from the outside of the cell • Remember this exchange is uneven. The sodium potassium pump is constantly pumping Na+ out and K+, but the concentration of Na+ is higher outside than inside and ...
Chapter 6
... Adaptation occurs when sensory receptors are subjected to an unchanging stimulus Receptor membranes become less responsive, receptor potentials decline in frequency or stop. Adaptation occurs in the receptor, not the CNS ...
... Adaptation occurs when sensory receptors are subjected to an unchanging stimulus Receptor membranes become less responsive, receptor potentials decline in frequency or stop. Adaptation occurs in the receptor, not the CNS ...
Endocrine and nervous system
... • Read the front page of today’s activity • What is the difference between a dendrite and an axon? ...
... • Read the front page of today’s activity • What is the difference between a dendrite and an axon? ...
NOTES FOR CHAPTER 13
... B. Myelin Sheath covers some axons in the PNS and CNS * myelin is a lipid substance that insulates and protects neurons * myelin also helps with nerve healing * the disease, multiple sclerosis (MS) develops when the myelin sheath becomes hardened and interferes with nerve conduction - it is an auto ...
... B. Myelin Sheath covers some axons in the PNS and CNS * myelin is a lipid substance that insulates and protects neurons * myelin also helps with nerve healing * the disease, multiple sclerosis (MS) develops when the myelin sheath becomes hardened and interferes with nerve conduction - it is an auto ...
File
... What is the function of a neuron? They are highly specialized cells that transmit messages (nerve impulses) from one part of the body to another. You will take a closer look at the neuron structure and its function during lecture. Prior to, make sure to read this section so you have a better unders ...
... What is the function of a neuron? They are highly specialized cells that transmit messages (nerve impulses) from one part of the body to another. You will take a closer look at the neuron structure and its function during lecture. Prior to, make sure to read this section so you have a better unders ...
Chapter 12
... 32. Define the anatomic, chemical, enzymatic, and receptor components of a chemical synapse. 33. Go through the sequence of events that allow an action potential on an axon to be transmitted into a graded potential on a postsynaptic membrane. Excitatory and Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials 34. Ind ...
... 32. Define the anatomic, chemical, enzymatic, and receptor components of a chemical synapse. 33. Go through the sequence of events that allow an action potential on an axon to be transmitted into a graded potential on a postsynaptic membrane. Excitatory and Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials 34. Ind ...
Nervous System: Reflexes and Peripheral Nervous System
... automatic responses to specific stimuli ...
... automatic responses to specific stimuli ...
File
... There are different conditions in which a neuron can be found during an action potential: 1. Resting Potential – Na+ ions are in equilibrium with K+ ions across the axonal membrane, resulting in a net positive charge outside and a negative charge inside the neuron. 2. Depolarization – an active tran ...
... There are different conditions in which a neuron can be found during an action potential: 1. Resting Potential – Na+ ions are in equilibrium with K+ ions across the axonal membrane, resulting in a net positive charge outside and a negative charge inside the neuron. 2. Depolarization – an active tran ...
PNS: Cranial Nerves
... • Response to unusual stimulus • Takes over to increase activities • Remember as the “____” division • Exercise, excitement, emergency, and embarrassment ...
... • Response to unusual stimulus • Takes over to increase activities • Remember as the “____” division • Exercise, excitement, emergency, and embarrassment ...
D. Vertebrate Nervous Systems
... If graded potentials sum to -55mV a threshold potential is achieved. This triggers an action potential. Axons only. In the resting state, closed voltage-gated K+ channels open slowly in response to depolarization. Voltage-gated Na+ channels have two gates. Closed activation gates open ra ...
... If graded potentials sum to -55mV a threshold potential is achieved. This triggers an action potential. Axons only. In the resting state, closed voltage-gated K+ channels open slowly in response to depolarization. Voltage-gated Na+ channels have two gates. Closed activation gates open ra ...
28.1_Responses
... Show high degree of cephalization and have highly developed nervous systems Interneurons in brain are connected with each other and with sensory neurons and motor neurons in the head and elsewhere in the body. ...
... Show high degree of cephalization and have highly developed nervous systems Interneurons in brain are connected with each other and with sensory neurons and motor neurons in the head and elsewhere in the body. ...
CNS consists of brain and spinal cord PNS consists of nerves 1
... Specialized to respond to changes in environment (stimuli) Activation results in graded potentials that trigger nerve impulses Sensation (awareness of stimulus) and perception (interpretation of meaning of stimulus) occur in brain Classification of receptors: Based on Type of stimulus they detect Lo ...
... Specialized to respond to changes in environment (stimuli) Activation results in graded potentials that trigger nerve impulses Sensation (awareness of stimulus) and perception (interpretation of meaning of stimulus) occur in brain Classification of receptors: Based on Type of stimulus they detect Lo ...
View Presentation
... Start with a high intensity, gradually decrease until observer no longer reports a sensation (descending) Problems: • observer may not pay attention on low intensity trials • observer may anticipate stimulus on descending series ...
... Start with a high intensity, gradually decrease until observer no longer reports a sensation (descending) Problems: • observer may not pay attention on low intensity trials • observer may anticipate stimulus on descending series ...
AP Ch. 9 Nervous System Part 1 Worksheets
... 1. The skeletal muscles are controlled by the _______________________________nervous system. 2. The smooth muscles and glands are controlled by the __________________________ nervous system. 3. Neurons are composed of a network of fine threads called _________________________________ 4. The nervous ...
... 1. The skeletal muscles are controlled by the _______________________________nervous system. 2. The smooth muscles and glands are controlled by the __________________________ nervous system. 3. Neurons are composed of a network of fine threads called _________________________________ 4. The nervous ...
Topic 6.5 Neuron and Synapses
... • Axon covered with a layer of fat called myelin • Myelin does not completely cover the axon. • Gaps are called nodes of ranvier • Speeds up rate of impulse transmission • Saltatory conduction ...
... • Axon covered with a layer of fat called myelin • Myelin does not completely cover the axon. • Gaps are called nodes of ranvier • Speeds up rate of impulse transmission • Saltatory conduction ...
II. ORGANIZATION OF THE HUMAN NERVOUS
... Axon – Transmits impulses _away from the cell body______ to next cell. Usually a long, single fiber with many small tips called _axon terminals_________. Schwann Cells – Wrap around the axons of many neurons to form insulating layers known as a _myelin sheath_______; _insulate______ and _protect ...
... Axon – Transmits impulses _away from the cell body______ to next cell. Usually a long, single fiber with many small tips called _axon terminals_________. Schwann Cells – Wrap around the axons of many neurons to form insulating layers known as a _myelin sheath_______; _insulate______ and _protect ...
No Slide Title
... Neurotransmitters effects on behavior depends on which receptor Acetylcholine (ACh) Motor control (paralysis) Attention and Memory (Alzheimer’s) ...
... Neurotransmitters effects on behavior depends on which receptor Acetylcholine (ACh) Motor control (paralysis) Attention and Memory (Alzheimer’s) ...
Spinal Nerves - Buckeye Valley
... dorsal root ganglion • Whole nerve "trunk" lies in intervertebral foramen ...
... dorsal root ganglion • Whole nerve "trunk" lies in intervertebral foramen ...
Rheobase
Rheobase is a measure of membrane excitability. In neuroscience, rheobase is the minimal current amplitude of infinite duration (in a practical sense, about 300 milliseconds) that results in the depolarization threshold of the cell membranes being reached, such as an action potential or the contraction of a muscle. In Greek, the root ""rhe"" translates to current or flow, and ""basi"" means bottom or foundation: thus the rheobase is the minimum current that will produce an action potential or muscle contraction.Rheobase can be best understood in the context of the strength-duration relationship (Fig. 1). The ease with which a membrane can be stimulated depends on two variables: the strength of the stimulus, and the duration for which the stimulus is applied. These variables are inversely related: as the strength of the applied current increases, the time required to stimulate the membrane decreases (and vice versa) to maintain a constant effect. Mathematically, rheobase is equivalent to half the current that needs to be applied for the duration of chronaxie, which is a strength-duration time constant that corresponds to the duration of time that elicits a response when the nerve is stimulated at twice rheobasic strength.The strength-duration curve was first discovered by G. Weiss in 1901, but it was not until 1909 that Louis Lapicque coined the term ""rheobase"". Many studies are being conducted in relation to rheobase values and the dynamic changes throughout maturation and between different nerve fibers. In the past strength-duration curves and rheobase determinations were used to assess nerve injury; today, they play a role in clinical identification of many neurological pathologies, including as Diabetic neuropathy, CIDP, Machado-Joseph Disease, and ALS.