Nerve Cell Impulses
... membrane pores/gates: in Æ out pores • Na+ (sodium) ions have restricted access • Action potential increases permeability of Na+ • There is selectivity in opening/closing Na+ and K+ gates • Remember: Plasma membrane is semi-permeable to K+ – Physico-chemical ion selectivity channels – (i.e., K+ weak ...
... membrane pores/gates: in Æ out pores • Na+ (sodium) ions have restricted access • Action potential increases permeability of Na+ • There is selectivity in opening/closing Na+ and K+ gates • Remember: Plasma membrane is semi-permeable to K+ – Physico-chemical ion selectivity channels – (i.e., K+ weak ...
Chapter 11 - Nervous Tissue
... Resting Membrane Potential (cont.) Neuron Membrane at rest is polarized the cytoplasm inside is negatively charged relative to the outside the net negative charge in the cytoplasm attracts all cations to the inside some Na+ leaks in, despite limited membrane permeability Na+-K+ ATPase kee ...
... Resting Membrane Potential (cont.) Neuron Membrane at rest is polarized the cytoplasm inside is negatively charged relative to the outside the net negative charge in the cytoplasm attracts all cations to the inside some Na+ leaks in, despite limited membrane permeability Na+-K+ ATPase kee ...
Summary Sodium pump.
... the membrane to allow their respective ions to cross. Sodium and potassium ions reverse positions by passing through membrane protein channel gates that can be opened or closed to control ion passage. Sodium crosses first. ...
... the membrane to allow their respective ions to cross. Sodium and potassium ions reverse positions by passing through membrane protein channel gates that can be opened or closed to control ion passage. Sodium crosses first. ...
Neurotoxicology
... Primary Demyelination – agent directly attacks myelin or the myelinating cell causing the loss of myelin content, myelin breakdown, and death of the myelin cell C. Secondary Demyelination – follows irreparable damage to the axon due to toxic axonopathies, degeneration and macrophage digestion of ass ...
... Primary Demyelination – agent directly attacks myelin or the myelinating cell causing the loss of myelin content, myelin breakdown, and death of the myelin cell C. Secondary Demyelination – follows irreparable damage to the axon due to toxic axonopathies, degeneration and macrophage digestion of ass ...
05-First 2 years - Biosocial
... • If starving, the body stops growing, but not the brain • The brain is the last part of the body to be damaged by malnutrition ...
... • If starving, the body stops growing, but not the brain • The brain is the last part of the body to be damaged by malnutrition ...
Biology 12 - Excretion
... part of the CNS, relays information to brain and instruction to body CNS tissue containing mostly myelinated nerve fibers and support cells CNS tissue containing cell bodies and short, non-myelinated fibers highway through which information from body is sorted before being sent to cerbebrum ancient ...
... part of the CNS, relays information to brain and instruction to body CNS tissue containing mostly myelinated nerve fibers and support cells CNS tissue containing cell bodies and short, non-myelinated fibers highway through which information from body is sorted before being sent to cerbebrum ancient ...
Nervous System
... Sympathetic: most arise from the lower thoracic or lumbar region. Highly involved in the fight or flight reflex. Parasympathetic: Craniosacral; promotes all the internal responses we associated with a relaxed state. Commonalities: 1) they function automatically and usually involuntary, 2) they inner ...
... Sympathetic: most arise from the lower thoracic or lumbar region. Highly involved in the fight or flight reflex. Parasympathetic: Craniosacral; promotes all the internal responses we associated with a relaxed state. Commonalities: 1) they function automatically and usually involuntary, 2) they inner ...
Introduction to the Nervous System Guided Notes are masses of
... by the presynaptic cell (neuron) and received by the postsynaptic cell (neuron, muscle, gland). 5. There are three basic functions of the nervous system. (1) ___________________ – gathers information (2) ______________________ – information is brought together (3) _________________ – responds to sig ...
... by the presynaptic cell (neuron) and received by the postsynaptic cell (neuron, muscle, gland). 5. There are three basic functions of the nervous system. (1) ___________________ – gathers information (2) ______________________ – information is brought together (3) _________________ – responds to sig ...
Document
... Show view). You may see blank slides in the “Normal” or “Slide Sorter” views. All animations will appear after viewing ...
... Show view). You may see blank slides in the “Normal” or “Slide Sorter” views. All animations will appear after viewing ...
Neurobiomechanical Influences on Nerve Conduction
... The results of the above imposed stretch (displayed as relative strain) are displayed on the next slide, the stretch was imposed for 60 minutes then released. Continuous monitoring of nerve conduction was undertaken simultaneously on both limbs to provide a baseline in addition to effects of stretch ...
... The results of the above imposed stretch (displayed as relative strain) are displayed on the next slide, the stretch was imposed for 60 minutes then released. Continuous monitoring of nerve conduction was undertaken simultaneously on both limbs to provide a baseline in addition to effects of stretch ...
12-1 Chapter 12 Lecture Outline See PowerPoint Image Slides for
... • Local disturbances in membrane potential – occur when neuron is stimulated by chemicals, light, heat or mechanical disturbance – depolarization decreases potential across cell membrane due to opening of gated Na+ channels • Na+ rushes in down concentration and electrical gradients • Na+ diffuses f ...
... • Local disturbances in membrane potential – occur when neuron is stimulated by chemicals, light, heat or mechanical disturbance – depolarization decreases potential across cell membrane due to opening of gated Na+ channels • Na+ rushes in down concentration and electrical gradients • Na+ diffuses f ...
Chapter 12
... • Local disturbances in membrane potential – occur when neuron is stimulated by chemicals, light, heat or mechanical disturbance – depolarization decreases potential across cell membrane due to opening of gated Na+ channels • Na+ rushes in down concentration and electrical gradients • Na+ diffuses f ...
... • Local disturbances in membrane potential – occur when neuron is stimulated by chemicals, light, heat or mechanical disturbance – depolarization decreases potential across cell membrane due to opening of gated Na+ channels • Na+ rushes in down concentration and electrical gradients • Na+ diffuses f ...
Document
... synapse which stimulates or inhibits the postsynaptic neuron (or a muscle or gland) The process by which the impulse in the presynaptic neuron is transmitted across the synaptic cleft to the postsynaptic neuron is called synaptic transmission. When nerve impulse reaches the synaptic knob, voltage se ...
... synapse which stimulates or inhibits the postsynaptic neuron (or a muscle or gland) The process by which the impulse in the presynaptic neuron is transmitted across the synaptic cleft to the postsynaptic neuron is called synaptic transmission. When nerve impulse reaches the synaptic knob, voltage se ...
No Slide Title
... • Local disturbances in membrane potential – occur when neuron is stimulated by chemicals, light, heat or mechanical disturbance – depolarization decreases potential across cell membrane due to opening of gated Na+ channels • Na+ rushes in down concentration and electrical gradients • Na+ diffuses f ...
... • Local disturbances in membrane potential – occur when neuron is stimulated by chemicals, light, heat or mechanical disturbance – depolarization decreases potential across cell membrane due to opening of gated Na+ channels • Na+ rushes in down concentration and electrical gradients • Na+ diffuses f ...
Psych 9A. Lec. 05 PP Slides: Brain and Nervous System
... • These cells have many functions, both during development and in supporting the function of the mature nervous system. • They may also constitute a separate, slow signal system. • Oligodendrocytes: produce myelin sheaths for neuron axons (white ...
... • These cells have many functions, both during development and in supporting the function of the mature nervous system. • They may also constitute a separate, slow signal system. • Oligodendrocytes: produce myelin sheaths for neuron axons (white ...
vocabulary - Web Adventures
... An educated guess a person makes about a possible outcome. It needs to be testable, and it is always a statement, not a question, because it states what someone thinks or believes will occur. The word origins in the Greek hypotithenai, meaning “to suppose”. ...
... An educated guess a person makes about a possible outcome. It needs to be testable, and it is always a statement, not a question, because it states what someone thinks or believes will occur. The word origins in the Greek hypotithenai, meaning “to suppose”. ...
Document
... – Nerve fibers that carry impulses away from the central nervous system to muscles or glands ...
... – Nerve fibers that carry impulses away from the central nervous system to muscles or glands ...
Handouts - motor units
... Each muscle is innervated by a pool of motor neurons, which typically contains a mixture of motor unit types, although in different proportions depending on the typical use of that muscle. An orderly sequence of motor neuron activation within a pool leads to activation of units producing the smalles ...
... Each muscle is innervated by a pool of motor neurons, which typically contains a mixture of motor unit types, although in different proportions depending on the typical use of that muscle. An orderly sequence of motor neuron activation within a pool leads to activation of units producing the smalles ...
File
... Activity 34.2 The Human Cerebrum 1. What part of the brain controls muscle activity and maintaining balance. 2. What is the job of the frontal lobe? 3. What is the job of the parietal lobe? Activity 34.3 Structures of the Human Brain Practice the structures of the human brain. Interactive Tutorial 3 ...
... Activity 34.2 The Human Cerebrum 1. What part of the brain controls muscle activity and maintaining balance. 2. What is the job of the frontal lobe? 3. What is the job of the parietal lobe? Activity 34.3 Structures of the Human Brain Practice the structures of the human brain. Interactive Tutorial 3 ...
bio 342 human physiology
... • Sensory coding: sensory systems code for modality, intensity, location, and duration of external stimuli. • Transduction: the conversion of a physical stimulus into a change in membrane potential (electrochemical signal) – Signals are transmitted in the form of graded potentials, action potentials ...
... • Sensory coding: sensory systems code for modality, intensity, location, and duration of external stimuli. • Transduction: the conversion of a physical stimulus into a change in membrane potential (electrochemical signal) – Signals are transmitted in the form of graded potentials, action potentials ...
CHAPTER OUTLINE
... The nervous system uses the nerve impulse to convey information. The nature of a nerve impulse can be characterized by voltage changes. Resting Potential When the axon is not conducting an impulse, the inside of the axon is negatively charged compared to the outside, giving it a resting potential of ...
... The nervous system uses the nerve impulse to convey information. The nature of a nerve impulse can be characterized by voltage changes. Resting Potential When the axon is not conducting an impulse, the inside of the axon is negatively charged compared to the outside, giving it a resting potential of ...
Rheobase
Rheobase is a measure of membrane excitability. In neuroscience, rheobase is the minimal current amplitude of infinite duration (in a practical sense, about 300 milliseconds) that results in the depolarization threshold of the cell membranes being reached, such as an action potential or the contraction of a muscle. In Greek, the root ""rhe"" translates to current or flow, and ""basi"" means bottom or foundation: thus the rheobase is the minimum current that will produce an action potential or muscle contraction.Rheobase can be best understood in the context of the strength-duration relationship (Fig. 1). The ease with which a membrane can be stimulated depends on two variables: the strength of the stimulus, and the duration for which the stimulus is applied. These variables are inversely related: as the strength of the applied current increases, the time required to stimulate the membrane decreases (and vice versa) to maintain a constant effect. Mathematically, rheobase is equivalent to half the current that needs to be applied for the duration of chronaxie, which is a strength-duration time constant that corresponds to the duration of time that elicits a response when the nerve is stimulated at twice rheobasic strength.The strength-duration curve was first discovered by G. Weiss in 1901, but it was not until 1909 that Louis Lapicque coined the term ""rheobase"". Many studies are being conducted in relation to rheobase values and the dynamic changes throughout maturation and between different nerve fibers. In the past strength-duration curves and rheobase determinations were used to assess nerve injury; today, they play a role in clinical identification of many neurological pathologies, including as Diabetic neuropathy, CIDP, Machado-Joseph Disease, and ALS.