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Cellular respiration
... ADP = adenosine diphosphate H2O + ATP ADP + P + energy • This is the energy used by the body to carry out the functions of life ...
... ADP = adenosine diphosphate H2O + ATP ADP + P + energy • This is the energy used by the body to carry out the functions of life ...
Cell Respiration Notes
... is NOT present Makes only 2 ATP from Glycolysis Occurs in anaerobic bacteria, muscle cells and yeast ...
... is NOT present Makes only 2 ATP from Glycolysis Occurs in anaerobic bacteria, muscle cells and yeast ...
Carbohydrates & Begin Lipids
... hydroxyl groups on the glycerol and the carboxyl group of the fatty acid. Three waters are removed. ...
... hydroxyl groups on the glycerol and the carboxyl group of the fatty acid. Three waters are removed. ...
Chapter 8 Microbial Metabolism
... Cell Respiration: Electron Transport System and the Proton Motive Force As glucose was oxidized you noticed that there was a fair amount of reducing power formed (NADH and FADH2). As NAD+ and FAD are reduced they carry the electrons to the cell membrane which is the site of the electron transport sy ...
... Cell Respiration: Electron Transport System and the Proton Motive Force As glucose was oxidized you noticed that there was a fair amount of reducing power formed (NADH and FADH2). As NAD+ and FAD are reduced they carry the electrons to the cell membrane which is the site of the electron transport sy ...
fermentation
... oxidation indirectly allows the creation of two ATP that occurs during glycolysis. In an anaerobic situation, the two ATP from glycolysis are the only energy molecules a cell can produce. Because of this, a cell wants to push as many glucose molecules through ...
... oxidation indirectly allows the creation of two ATP that occurs during glycolysis. In an anaerobic situation, the two ATP from glycolysis are the only energy molecules a cell can produce. Because of this, a cell wants to push as many glucose molecules through ...
Introduction to Physiology: The Cell and General Physiology
... to pyruvate and then, via gluconeogenesis, to glucose. – Why would muscle transport lactate to the liver for conversion back to pyruvate? NAD+ is needed for that step, and the point of making lactate in the first place was because NAD+ was too low. ...
... to pyruvate and then, via gluconeogenesis, to glucose. – Why would muscle transport lactate to the liver for conversion back to pyruvate? NAD+ is needed for that step, and the point of making lactate in the first place was because NAD+ was too low. ...
Answers to Mastering Concepts Questions
... Each process produces the materials needed for the other process. Photosynthesis produces glucose and oxygen that are required for cellular respiration to function. Cellular respiration produces the carbon dioxide needed for photosynthesis. 3. How does aerobic respiration yield so much ATP from each ...
... Each process produces the materials needed for the other process. Photosynthesis produces glucose and oxygen that are required for cellular respiration to function. Cellular respiration produces the carbon dioxide needed for photosynthesis. 3. How does aerobic respiration yield so much ATP from each ...
Slides
... We can divide cellular respiration into three metabolic processes: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. Each of these occurs in a specific region of the cell. 1. Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol (intracellular fluid – liquid found inside cells). 2. The Krebs cycle takes place ...
... We can divide cellular respiration into three metabolic processes: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. Each of these occurs in a specific region of the cell. 1. Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol (intracellular fluid – liquid found inside cells). 2. The Krebs cycle takes place ...
Lecture 22 - Introduction to Metabolism: Regulation Key Concepts
... anabolic pathways utilize energy available from the hydrolysis of ATP and the oxidation of reducing equivalents (primarily NADPH) to synthesize biomolecules for the cell. Importantly, catabolic and anabolic pathways are active at the same time in the cell and many metabolites serve as both substrate ...
... anabolic pathways utilize energy available from the hydrolysis of ATP and the oxidation of reducing equivalents (primarily NADPH) to synthesize biomolecules for the cell. Importantly, catabolic and anabolic pathways are active at the same time in the cell and many metabolites serve as both substrate ...
File
... – Monosaccharides: glucose, galactose, fructose • Arise from digestion of starch and disaccharides • Small intestine and liver convert galactose and fructose to glucose – Ultimately, all carbohydrate digestion generates glucose – Outside hepatic portal system, only blood sugar is glucose – Normal bl ...
... – Monosaccharides: glucose, galactose, fructose • Arise from digestion of starch and disaccharides • Small intestine and liver convert galactose and fructose to glucose – Ultimately, all carbohydrate digestion generates glucose – Outside hepatic portal system, only blood sugar is glucose – Normal bl ...
Chem*3560 Lecture 15: Gluconeogenesis
... lactate or amino acids from blood as a source of substrate (Lehninger p.723-729). The pathway may start in the cytoplasm from lactate, or in the mitochondrion use amino acids by removing the amino group. The gluconeogenesis pathway broadly follows glycolysis sequence in reverse. Eight reactions out ...
... lactate or amino acids from blood as a source of substrate (Lehninger p.723-729). The pathway may start in the cytoplasm from lactate, or in the mitochondrion use amino acids by removing the amino group. The gluconeogenesis pathway broadly follows glycolysis sequence in reverse. Eight reactions out ...
Gluconeogenesis
... -enzyme unique to liver and kidney allowing them to supply glucose to other tissues. Found in ER ...
... -enzyme unique to liver and kidney allowing them to supply glucose to other tissues. Found in ER ...
Organic Molecules
... Biuret Test for Proteins 1. Label six test tubes: 2W, 2E, 2G, 2D, 2S, and 2P 2. Add to each test tube 2ml of the following sample liquids: a. 2W- 2ml distilled water b. 2E- 2ml egg albumen c. 2G- 2ml 10% glucose solution d. 2D- 2ml carbonated soft drink e. 2S- 2ml 10% starch solution f. 2P- 2ml pota ...
... Biuret Test for Proteins 1. Label six test tubes: 2W, 2E, 2G, 2D, 2S, and 2P 2. Add to each test tube 2ml of the following sample liquids: a. 2W- 2ml distilled water b. 2E- 2ml egg albumen c. 2G- 2ml 10% glucose solution d. 2D- 2ml carbonated soft drink e. 2S- 2ml 10% starch solution f. 2P- 2ml pota ...
1a ExamI Intro-MicrGrwth
... a. The medium increases in temperature (it’s an exothermic reaction) b. The medium decreases in temperature (it’s an endothermic reaction) c. The medium increases in pH d. The medium decreases in pH e. The medium increases in sugar content 41. The genus Enterobacter contains bacteria that ferment gl ...
... a. The medium increases in temperature (it’s an exothermic reaction) b. The medium decreases in temperature (it’s an endothermic reaction) c. The medium increases in pH d. The medium decreases in pH e. The medium increases in sugar content 41. The genus Enterobacter contains bacteria that ferment gl ...
Respiration
... Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose to two pyruvate. Enough energy is released for immediate buildup of two ATP. Two NADH are also produced. Glycolysis takes place outside the mitochondria and does not utilize oxygen (anaerobic). ...
... Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose to two pyruvate. Enough energy is released for immediate buildup of two ATP. Two NADH are also produced. Glycolysis takes place outside the mitochondria and does not utilize oxygen (anaerobic). ...
Carbohydrate metabolism
... Repeat classification and structures of carbohydrates – monosaccharides, oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose), polysaccharides (cellulose, starch, glycogen), glycoproteins, glycosaminoglycans. Glucose is a universal substrate for gain of energy. Most tissues are partially or totally dependen ...
... Repeat classification and structures of carbohydrates – monosaccharides, oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose), polysaccharides (cellulose, starch, glycogen), glycoproteins, glycosaminoglycans. Glucose is a universal substrate for gain of energy. Most tissues are partially or totally dependen ...
Recitation 4: glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the citric acid cycle
... After intense exercise, muscle tissue will run out of oxygen. Therefore, the muscle cannot use aerobic respiration (citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation) to regenerate ATP and instead must use anaerobic respiration. The product of anaerobic respiration is lactate, or lactic acid, which pr ...
... After intense exercise, muscle tissue will run out of oxygen. Therefore, the muscle cannot use aerobic respiration (citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation) to regenerate ATP and instead must use anaerobic respiration. The product of anaerobic respiration is lactate, or lactic acid, which pr ...
Khan Academy 15min cell respiration
... Stepwise oxidation of high energy food molecules to low energy molecules: CO2 + H2O organic mol. + O2 ----- CO2 + H2O + Energy Fire is an oxidation rxn but unlike living systems it releases Energy all at once. Living systems respiration occurs in a series of controlled steps releasing food energy a ...
... Stepwise oxidation of high energy food molecules to low energy molecules: CO2 + H2O organic mol. + O2 ----- CO2 + H2O + Energy Fire is an oxidation rxn but unlike living systems it releases Energy all at once. Living systems respiration occurs in a series of controlled steps releasing food energy a ...
3 24 4 5 AUG 78 P2:20
... Advanced Level 90”s: “ [Mlaintaining healthy, stable blood glucose levels. ” “Start on youlr way to healthy blood sugar levels.. . . ” “Blood Sugar Maintenance.” In the preamble to the January 6, 2000 final rule on structure/function claims (see 65 FR 1000 at 1018), FDA stated that claims about the ...
... Advanced Level 90”s: “ [Mlaintaining healthy, stable blood glucose levels. ” “Start on youlr way to healthy blood sugar levels.. . . ” “Blood Sugar Maintenance.” In the preamble to the January 6, 2000 final rule on structure/function claims (see 65 FR 1000 at 1018), FDA stated that claims about the ...
Document
... liver and increased use of ketone bodies by brain (the brain continues to require a supply of glucose in addition to ketone bodies. Why?). • This has the effect of sparing protein (less required for gluconeogenic precursors) and protein breakdown actually decreases after several weeks of fasting. (N ...
... liver and increased use of ketone bodies by brain (the brain continues to require a supply of glucose in addition to ketone bodies. Why?). • This has the effect of sparing protein (less required for gluconeogenic precursors) and protein breakdown actually decreases after several weeks of fasting. (N ...
Metabolic Fate of Glucose Metabolic Fate of Fatty Acids
... • The α-keto acids derived from aa enter the gluconeogenesis pathway. They serve as a primary source of energy for the liver. ...
... • The α-keto acids derived from aa enter the gluconeogenesis pathway. They serve as a primary source of energy for the liver. ...
Cellular respiration - Jocha
... Last H acceptor is converted to lactic acid In bacteria, lactic acid eventually interfere with metabolic processes and the bacteria die Used in dairy products (yogurt, cheese, etc) In humans: occurs in… red blood cells (that lack mitochondria) muscle cells: in long periods of exercise fo ...
... Last H acceptor is converted to lactic acid In bacteria, lactic acid eventually interfere with metabolic processes and the bacteria die Used in dairy products (yogurt, cheese, etc) In humans: occurs in… red blood cells (that lack mitochondria) muscle cells: in long periods of exercise fo ...
Exam 3
... A. malate-aspartate shuttle Complex 1 Q pool Complex 3 Complex 4 oxygen B. Complex 2 Q pool Complex 3 Complex 4 oxygen C. glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle Q pool Complex 3 Complex 4 oxygen D. Complex 1 Complex 2 Q pool Complex 3 Complex 4 oxygen ...
... A. malate-aspartate shuttle Complex 1 Q pool Complex 3 Complex 4 oxygen B. Complex 2 Q pool Complex 3 Complex 4 oxygen C. glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle Q pool Complex 3 Complex 4 oxygen D. Complex 1 Complex 2 Q pool Complex 3 Complex 4 oxygen ...
Glucose
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Alpha-D-glucopyranose-2D-skeletal.png?width=300)
Glucose is a sugar with the molecular formula C6H12O6. The name ""glucose"" (/ˈɡluːkoʊs/) comes from the Greek word γλευκος, meaning ""sweet wine, must"". The suffix ""-ose"" is a chemical classifier, denoting a carbohydrate. It is also known as dextrose or grape sugar. With 6 carbon atoms, it is classed as a hexose, a sub-category of monosaccharides. α-D-glucose is one of the 16 aldose stereoisomers. The D-isomer (D-glucose) occurs widely in nature, but the L-isomer (L-glucose) does not. Glucose is made during photosynthesis from water and carbon dioxide, using energy from sunlight. The reverse of the photosynthesis reaction, which releases this energy, is a very important source of power for cellular respiration. Glucose is stored as a polymer, in plants as starch and in animals as glycogen.