Non-cell-autonomous regulation of root hair patterning genes by
... The establishment of a pattern of files forming root hairs and non-root hairs in the root epidermis is a wellstudied developmental model system (Schiefelbein et al., 2009; Tominaga-Wada et al., 2011; Grebe, 2012). Root hair cells (H-cells) develop from cell files over the cleft of two underlying cor ...
... The establishment of a pattern of files forming root hairs and non-root hairs in the root epidermis is a wellstudied developmental model system (Schiefelbein et al., 2009; Tominaga-Wada et al., 2011; Grebe, 2012). Root hair cells (H-cells) develop from cell files over the cleft of two underlying cor ...
The fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva R206H
... ACVR1 RNA into alk8–/– zebrafish embryos rescued approximately 80% of the injected embryos completely or partially (Figure 3, C and F), showing that human ACVR1 can function as a BMP type I receptor in this zebrafish model and substitute for Alk8. By contrast, microinjection of mutant ACVR1 RNA (enc ...
... ACVR1 RNA into alk8–/– zebrafish embryos rescued approximately 80% of the injected embryos completely or partially (Figure 3, C and F), showing that human ACVR1 can function as a BMP type I receptor in this zebrafish model and substitute for Alk8. By contrast, microinjection of mutant ACVR1 RNA (enc ...
Cross-talk between cell-cycle control and the environment
... Even though the understanding of cell-cycle regulators in plants has tremendously increased over the last years, still little is known about cell-cycle regulation in response to environmental signals like DNA damage. A ubiquitous stress for any organism is DNA stress that can either be caused by exo ...
... Even though the understanding of cell-cycle regulators in plants has tremendously increased over the last years, still little is known about cell-cycle regulation in response to environmental signals like DNA damage. A ubiquitous stress for any organism is DNA stress that can either be caused by exo ...
Renal Cell Carcinoma: Recent Advances in Genetics and Imaging
... with types 1 and 2 B VHL disease are at high risk of developing clear cell RCCs. Clear cell RCCs occur in 75% of VHL patients by the sixth decade and are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality.13 VHL gene encodes for pVHL (VHL protein), a key component of cellular oxygen homeostatic mechanism. A ...
... with types 1 and 2 B VHL disease are at high risk of developing clear cell RCCs. Clear cell RCCs occur in 75% of VHL patients by the sixth decade and are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality.13 VHL gene encodes for pVHL (VHL protein), a key component of cellular oxygen homeostatic mechanism. A ...
Role of histone deacetylase 2 and its
... markedly to maintain HDAC2 activity. The requirement for HDAC2 activation in cardiac hypertrophy was further confirmed by use of an enzymatically inert mutant of HDAC2: HDAC2 H141A that loses HDAC activity due to destruction of the active pocket without altering interactions with other proteins. Whe ...
... markedly to maintain HDAC2 activity. The requirement for HDAC2 activation in cardiac hypertrophy was further confirmed by use of an enzymatically inert mutant of HDAC2: HDAC2 H141A that loses HDAC activity due to destruction of the active pocket without altering interactions with other proteins. Whe ...
Control of the proliferation versus meiotic development decision in
... where the distal proliferative zone increases in size over time, reflecting constitutive GLP-1 activity (Berry et al., 1997). In these animals, low GLD-1 levels extend much further proximally than in wild-type (Fig. 2). The maximum level, however, still coincides with the transition of germ cells fr ...
... where the distal proliferative zone increases in size over time, reflecting constitutive GLP-1 activity (Berry et al., 1997). In these animals, low GLD-1 levels extend much further proximally than in wild-type (Fig. 2). The maximum level, however, still coincides with the transition of germ cells fr ...
Pairing of homologous regions in the mouse genome is associated
... fragments is located in the central imprinting control region (KvDMR) and was chosen as bait, rendering the 4C interaction profiles allele-specific. As anticipated, the vast majority of interactions occurs on the cis allele but strikingly, we also found a number of chimeric 4C products consisting of ...
... fragments is located in the central imprinting control region (KvDMR) and was chosen as bait, rendering the 4C interaction profiles allele-specific. As anticipated, the vast majority of interactions occurs on the cis allele but strikingly, we also found a number of chimeric 4C products consisting of ...
... how different cell identities are established early in development and maintained throughout life is still poorly understood. Most of the transcription factors required for early developmental decisions are expressed transiently, but the gene expression patterns they trigger are maintained during ce ...
- Journal of Clinical Investigation
... genes are of quite different mutability, but the average rates for induction of mutations reported are better than one in 1,000. This figure is important, since it was the basis for the design of the screens at the MGH in Boston (19) and at the MaxPlanck Institute in Tübingen (20, 21). The projectio ...
... genes are of quite different mutability, but the average rates for induction of mutations reported are better than one in 1,000. This figure is important, since it was the basis for the design of the screens at the MGH in Boston (19) and at the MaxPlanck Institute in Tübingen (20, 21). The projectio ...
Specification of unique neuronal sub-types by integration of positional and temporal cues
... mature functional nervous system, there has been a shift in focus towards smaller structures and more complex processes. How does a stem cell enter or leave quiescence? How is asymmetric division carried through? How does a neuron know when and where to form the right synapses? Ultimately, the answe ...
... mature functional nervous system, there has been a shift in focus towards smaller structures and more complex processes. How does a stem cell enter or leave quiescence? How is asymmetric division carried through? How does a neuron know when and where to form the right synapses? Ultimately, the answe ...
Protein expression pattern in cerebellum of Cav2.1 mutant, tottering
... release [17]. Three types of Ryrs have been identified and are widely expressed in mouse tissues [4]. Ryr1 expression was observed in Purkinje cells, whereas Ryr3 expression is found in granule cells [4, 12]. Sawada et al. (2008) suggested that Cav2.1 channel dysfunction might affect Ryr1 and Ryr3 e ...
... release [17]. Three types of Ryrs have been identified and are widely expressed in mouse tissues [4]. Ryr1 expression was observed in Purkinje cells, whereas Ryr3 expression is found in granule cells [4, 12]. Sawada et al. (2008) suggested that Cav2.1 channel dysfunction might affect Ryr1 and Ryr3 e ...
Splice variants of the SWR1-type nucleosome remodeling factor
... SSCs produce somatic follicle cells, which encapsulate cysts to form individual egg chambers. Oogenesis further runs through 14 stages of egg chamber development to produce a functional egg. It is not surprising that nucleosome remodeling factors have been found to be important for oogenesis given t ...
... SSCs produce somatic follicle cells, which encapsulate cysts to form individual egg chambers. Oogenesis further runs through 14 stages of egg chamber development to produce a functional egg. It is not surprising that nucleosome remodeling factors have been found to be important for oogenesis given t ...
Variation 3.3
... Imagine that you are a family practice physician and that an African-American woman, Audrey Lindsey, and her family are your patients. Just before her twins, Sondra and Jason, were born, Ms. Lindsey’s husband, also African-American, died in an automobile accident. His parents were physiologically no ...
... Imagine that you are a family practice physician and that an African-American woman, Audrey Lindsey, and her family are your patients. Just before her twins, Sondra and Jason, were born, Ms. Lindsey’s husband, also African-American, died in an automobile accident. His parents were physiologically no ...
Global Transcriptional Profiling Reveals Distinct Functions of Thymic
... remain to be discerned. Furthermore, whereas manipulation of sex steroids or growth factor levels in aged individuals can transiently increase thymic size (Min et al., 2007; Sutherland et al., 2005), the resultant thymi are not functionally equivalent to young thymi and may be incapable of maintaini ...
... remain to be discerned. Furthermore, whereas manipulation of sex steroids or growth factor levels in aged individuals can transiently increase thymic size (Min et al., 2007; Sutherland et al., 2005), the resultant thymi are not functionally equivalent to young thymi and may be incapable of maintaini ...
Evolution of the vertebrate jaw: comparative embryology and
... relationships with other embryonic structures, as well as with the same positional value defined by the absence of Hox transcripts (Figs 3 and 5; see also Kuratani et al. 2001, for morphological value of the vertebrate MA). ...
... relationships with other embryonic structures, as well as with the same positional value defined by the absence of Hox transcripts (Figs 3 and 5; see also Kuratani et al. 2001, for morphological value of the vertebrate MA). ...
The CNS midline cells and spitz class genes are required for proper
... expression in NB 7-1 and the other NBs delaminating at later S3S5 stages after the initial round of neurogenesis has begun. ming/ lacZ expression starts in a subset of the CNS midline cells at stage 9, and slightly later at early stage 10 appears in a single NB 6-1. By stage 10, ming/lacZ is express ...
... expression in NB 7-1 and the other NBs delaminating at later S3S5 stages after the initial round of neurogenesis has begun. ming/ lacZ expression starts in a subset of the CNS midline cells at stage 9, and slightly later at early stage 10 appears in a single NB 6-1. By stage 10, ming/lacZ is express ...
Analytical approaches to RNA profiling data for
... limit the utility of ISH data for detection of cell specific changes in gene expression in complex tissues, we sought to develop an independent method for the quantitative measurement of the specificity of expression of any gene in a given cell type or condition relative to a large number of other c ...
... limit the utility of ISH data for detection of cell specific changes in gene expression in complex tissues, we sought to develop an independent method for the quantitative measurement of the specificity of expression of any gene in a given cell type or condition relative to a large number of other c ...
Dynamic Model of Paclitaxel Biosynthesis Suggests That the Key
... The committed step model based on the correlation analysis between paclitaxel biosynthesis rate and the transcription expression of enzyme: Paclitaxel complex biosynthetic pathway can be simplified to a series of reaction dynamics system and the slowest rate-limiting steps determine the paclitaxel s ...
... The committed step model based on the correlation analysis between paclitaxel biosynthesis rate and the transcription expression of enzyme: Paclitaxel complex biosynthetic pathway can be simplified to a series of reaction dynamics system and the slowest rate-limiting steps determine the paclitaxel s ...
Non-Cell-Autonomous Regulation of Root Hair
... As WRKY75 represses CPC, we expected it to be coexpressed with CPC in nonroot hair files. As the T-DNA insertion in the wrky75-25 allele was found in the 39 region of the WRKY75 gene, we created a promoter:GUS construct containing a 2.2-kb upstream region and a 627-bp 39 region (called pWRKY75: GUS:3 ...
... As WRKY75 represses CPC, we expected it to be coexpressed with CPC in nonroot hair files. As the T-DNA insertion in the wrky75-25 allele was found in the 39 region of the WRKY75 gene, we created a promoter:GUS construct containing a 2.2-kb upstream region and a 627-bp 39 region (called pWRKY75: GUS:3 ...
A Genetic Mosaic Analysis With a Repressible Cell
... system. This shortcoming can be circumvented to a large extent by analyzing clones of mutant cells in mosaic Drosophila larvae, where much of the maternal contribution has been consumed. Interestingly, during late larval development, the tracheal system is extensively remodeled to give rise to the a ...
... system. This shortcoming can be circumvented to a large extent by analyzing clones of mutant cells in mosaic Drosophila larvae, where much of the maternal contribution has been consumed. Interestingly, during late larval development, the tracheal system is extensively remodeled to give rise to the a ...
Anterior-posterior patterning within the
... germline (Wood, 1988). Anterior cells have short microvilli (Sulston and Horvitz, 1977), are associated with an expanded gut lumen and do not express the pho-1 acid phosphatase activity on their lumenal surface (Beh et al., 1991). We have previously described an example of anteriorposterior patterni ...
... germline (Wood, 1988). Anterior cells have short microvilli (Sulston and Horvitz, 1977), are associated with an expanded gut lumen and do not express the pho-1 acid phosphatase activity on their lumenal surface (Beh et al., 1991). We have previously described an example of anteriorposterior patterni ...
3+ 3 - NVT Online
... Two gene segregation was noted in Sonora/BT Schomburgk (BTS) population. One slow rusting minor gene is contributed by Sonora and a major gene is contributed by BTS Monogenic segregation for an APR gene from Westonia was noted in a cross made for stripe rust resistance analysis ...
... Two gene segregation was noted in Sonora/BT Schomburgk (BTS) population. One slow rusting minor gene is contributed by Sonora and a major gene is contributed by BTS Monogenic segregation for an APR gene from Westonia was noted in a cross made for stripe rust resistance analysis ...
Course Objectives
... Student absences may be excused by the instructor for personal emergencies such as illness, death in the student’s immediate family, or other valid unavoidable circumstances. It is the responsibility of the student to inform all instructors when absences are due to personal emergency. Instructors ma ...
... Student absences may be excused by the instructor for personal emergencies such as illness, death in the student’s immediate family, or other valid unavoidable circumstances. It is the responsibility of the student to inform all instructors when absences are due to personal emergency. Instructors ma ...
In the beginning: the initiation of meiosis
... takes place after the animal reaches puberty. In contrast, in the testis, spermatocytes initiate meiosis throughout the life of the animal in synchronous waves starting at about a week after birth. Consequently, the signal for initiating meiosis must be regulated differently in males and females. Re ...
... takes place after the animal reaches puberty. In contrast, in the testis, spermatocytes initiate meiosis throughout the life of the animal in synchronous waves starting at about a week after birth. Consequently, the signal for initiating meiosis must be regulated differently in males and females. Re ...
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 is a new target of microphthalmia
... forskolin (FK) and cell extracts were subjected to Western blot analysis to detect HIF1 protein levels. A control of the protein loading was performed by detecting ERK2. (B) The same experiment was performed by stimulating B16 cells either with forskolin (FK) or -MSH (-M) for 24 h. Cells were inc ...
... forskolin (FK) and cell extracts were subjected to Western blot analysis to detect HIF1 protein levels. A control of the protein loading was performed by detecting ERK2. (B) The same experiment was performed by stimulating B16 cells either with forskolin (FK) or -MSH (-M) for 24 h. Cells were inc ...