Honors Biology Final Exam-‐Part 2-‐Semester 2
... 1. The process of cell division which produces cells identical to the original cell is: 2. The purpose of meiosis is to produce ____________ . 3. Body cells are 2n or ________________ . 4. Ga ...
... 1. The process of cell division which produces cells identical to the original cell is: 2. The purpose of meiosis is to produce ____________ . 3. Body cells are 2n or ________________ . 4. Ga ...
Lecture 0
... Promoter recognition—bacterial RNA polymerase b’—largest subunit. Forms part of active site. Interacts nonspecifically with DNA and nascent RNA. b—forms the rest of the active site. Interacts nonspecifically with DNA and nascent RNA. a—determinants for assembly of RNAP. Recognizes DNA nonspecifical ...
... Promoter recognition—bacterial RNA polymerase b’—largest subunit. Forms part of active site. Interacts nonspecifically with DNA and nascent RNA. b—forms the rest of the active site. Interacts nonspecifically with DNA and nascent RNA. a—determinants for assembly of RNAP. Recognizes DNA nonspecifical ...
Matching review Connect with lines
... Matching review Connect with lines Water Carbon dioxide Oxygen PGAL NADP NAD+ FAD Glucose ...
... Matching review Connect with lines Water Carbon dioxide Oxygen PGAL NADP NAD+ FAD Glucose ...
Molecular Basis for Relationship between Genotype and Phenotype
... “The linear sequence of nucleotides in a gene determines the linear sequence of amino acids in a protein.” Mutant alleles of trpA gene differed in the position of the mutation at the DNA level, which corresponded to position of amino acid substitution in the gene product. Colinearity of mutations an ...
... “The linear sequence of nucleotides in a gene determines the linear sequence of amino acids in a protein.” Mutant alleles of trpA gene differed in the position of the mutation at the DNA level, which corresponded to position of amino acid substitution in the gene product. Colinearity of mutations an ...
Chapter 9
... • Two nucleotide strands held together by hydrogen bonds • Hydrogen bonds between two strands are easily broken ...
... • Two nucleotide strands held together by hydrogen bonds • Hydrogen bonds between two strands are easily broken ...
Chapter 12: Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids
... In the cell, pyrophosphatase couples polymerization to the highly exergonic hydrolysis of the pyrophosphate product such that the back reaction has little pyrophosphate available for reversal. (a) This substitution would decrease terminator function by stabilizing the RNA-DNA hybrid duplex. (b) Thes ...
... In the cell, pyrophosphatase couples polymerization to the highly exergonic hydrolysis of the pyrophosphate product such that the back reaction has little pyrophosphate available for reversal. (a) This substitution would decrease terminator function by stabilizing the RNA-DNA hybrid duplex. (b) Thes ...
DNA and protein synthesis
... during the G1 stage of interphase. Then, when new cells are created during cell division, there are enough materials to divide the cytoplasm in two to make a new cell. What is a nucleotide o A nucleotide is made of a phosphate, sugar, and a base. DNA and RNA are both made of nucleotides – DNA has tw ...
... during the G1 stage of interphase. Then, when new cells are created during cell division, there are enough materials to divide the cytoplasm in two to make a new cell. What is a nucleotide o A nucleotide is made of a phosphate, sugar, and a base. DNA and RNA are both made of nucleotides – DNA has tw ...
PP-Protein Synthesis
... Proteins have MANY different functions Enzymes to help control/speed up chemical reactions Help to build and repair cell structures Determine the structure & function of living organisms ...
... Proteins have MANY different functions Enzymes to help control/speed up chemical reactions Help to build and repair cell structures Determine the structure & function of living organisms ...
Exam Review 2B -- Rodermel
... 2. Diagram Rolling Circle replication below. Include the 3 different products that can result. (Be sure to include leading and lagging strand, origin of replication, directionality of the ...
... 2. Diagram Rolling Circle replication below. Include the 3 different products that can result. (Be sure to include leading and lagging strand, origin of replication, directionality of the ...
semester 1 review
... 44. What is the function of tRNA? 45. If a sequence of nitrogenous bases on a DNA strand is ATCCGA, the corresponding sequence on the mRNA will be ___. 46. Suppose an original strand of DNA reads GTCATC. a. What would the complementary DNA strand read? b. What would the corresponding mRNA strand rea ...
... 44. What is the function of tRNA? 45. If a sequence of nitrogenous bases on a DNA strand is ATCCGA, the corresponding sequence on the mRNA will be ___. 46. Suppose an original strand of DNA reads GTCATC. a. What would the complementary DNA strand read? b. What would the corresponding mRNA strand rea ...
Chapter 8, Sections 3 & 4 Pages 306-323
... Forming Polymers • Polymers form when chemical bonds link large numbers of monomers in a repeating pattern. • Figures 16-18, pg.’s 307-309. • Natural Polymers: • Proteins are formed from smaller molecules called amino acids. • Synthetic Polymers: • Plastics are made from simpler materials such as o ...
... Forming Polymers • Polymers form when chemical bonds link large numbers of monomers in a repeating pattern. • Figures 16-18, pg.’s 307-309. • Natural Polymers: • Proteins are formed from smaller molecules called amino acids. • Synthetic Polymers: • Plastics are made from simpler materials such as o ...
Protein Synthesis
... 1. Messenger RNA goes to the ribosome-template (pattern) is formed on the ribosome. 2. Transfer RNA previously made by DNA and sent to the cytoplasm goes to be sure it matches the RNA pattern on the ribosome. 3. If it matches correctly then Transfer RNA goes and picks up its amino acid in the cytopl ...
... 1. Messenger RNA goes to the ribosome-template (pattern) is formed on the ribosome. 2. Transfer RNA previously made by DNA and sent to the cytoplasm goes to be sure it matches the RNA pattern on the ribosome. 3. If it matches correctly then Transfer RNA goes and picks up its amino acid in the cytopl ...
University Islamic - Gaza General Biology Second Faculty of
... Liver cell spends long time at G0 ( ...
... Liver cell spends long time at G0 ( ...
Slide 1
... amino-acylated tRNAs. • What was the significance of this work? • Nirenberg’s assay delivered a method to assign each specific amino acid to one or more trinucleotides. • Twenty amino acids were assigned at least one trinucleotide, 61 in total. • Three trinucleotides where determined to be “stop” co ...
... amino-acylated tRNAs. • What was the significance of this work? • Nirenberg’s assay delivered a method to assign each specific amino acid to one or more trinucleotides. • Twenty amino acids were assigned at least one trinucleotide, 61 in total. • Three trinucleotides where determined to be “stop” co ...
RNA, PS, mutation unit test
... 25. DNA goes through a mutation that changes it from TTT to TTA. Using Figure 13-6 on p. 367, does this change the amino acid? If so, from what to what? ...
... 25. DNA goes through a mutation that changes it from TTT to TTA. Using Figure 13-6 on p. 367, does this change the amino acid? If so, from what to what? ...
The amino acids, peptide bonds, and the primary structure of proteins
... Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins • Three major parts: carboxyl group, amino group, and side chain. • Central C atom called alpha carbon. • Amino acids can differ in their side chains (R). ...
... Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins • Three major parts: carboxyl group, amino group, and side chain. • Central C atom called alpha carbon. • Amino acids can differ in their side chains (R). ...
Advance Animal Science Lesson Title: Protein Synthesis Unit: 4
... Proteins are the building blocks of life. In order for any living thing wether it be human, or animal, it must have proteins and they must replicate and create more proteins. Inside of these proteins are DNA. DNA is the master plan of the cell, RNA is the blue print of the master cell. ...
... Proteins are the building blocks of life. In order for any living thing wether it be human, or animal, it must have proteins and they must replicate and create more proteins. Inside of these proteins are DNA. DNA is the master plan of the cell, RNA is the blue print of the master cell. ...
DNA
... Weak hydrogen bonds between base pairs hold DNA strands together. Each chain in the helix is a complimentary mirror image of the other. – Double helix unzips and undergoes semiconservative replication. ...
... Weak hydrogen bonds between base pairs hold DNA strands together. Each chain in the helix is a complimentary mirror image of the other. – Double helix unzips and undergoes semiconservative replication. ...
amino acid
... separate strands by the enzyme DNA helicase. DNA helicase “unzips” the DNA by breaking the bonds between the nitrogen base pairs. 2. Next, free floating nucleotides are matched to their complementary nucleotides through base pairing. 3. Another enzyme called DNA polymerase bonds these new nucleotide ...
... separate strands by the enzyme DNA helicase. DNA helicase “unzips” the DNA by breaking the bonds between the nitrogen base pairs. 2. Next, free floating nucleotides are matched to their complementary nucleotides through base pairing. 3. Another enzyme called DNA polymerase bonds these new nucleotide ...
DNA Notes
... * TRANSLATION (takes place in the ribosomes) * The RNA code is translated to correctly join amino acids * RNA nucleotides called transfer RNA (tRNA) are bonded to amino acids * tRNA located in the ribosomes brings amino acids to the mRNA * Amino acids bond to each other to form protiens ...
... * TRANSLATION (takes place in the ribosomes) * The RNA code is translated to correctly join amino acids * RNA nucleotides called transfer RNA (tRNA) are bonded to amino acids * tRNA located in the ribosomes brings amino acids to the mRNA * Amino acids bond to each other to form protiens ...
From DNA to Protein WS
... f. portions of DNA where the double helix separates during DNA replication g. a five-carbon sugar h. consists of a phosphate group, a sugar molecule, and a nitrogen base i. a nitrogenous base that forms hydrogen bonds with adenine j. a class of organic molecules, each having a single ring of carbon ...
... f. portions of DNA where the double helix separates during DNA replication g. a five-carbon sugar h. consists of a phosphate group, a sugar molecule, and a nitrogen base i. a nitrogenous base that forms hydrogen bonds with adenine j. a class of organic molecules, each having a single ring of carbon ...
Nucleic acid analogue
Nucleic acid analogues are compounds which are analogous (structurally similar) to naturally occurring RNA and DNA, used in medicine and in molecular biology research.Nucleic acids are chains of nucleotides, which are composed of three parts: a phosphate backbone, a pucker-shaped pentose sugar, either ribose or deoxyribose, and one of four nucleobases.An analogue may have any of these altered. Typically the analogue nucleobases confer, among other things, different base pairing and base stacking properties. Examples include universal bases, which can pair with all four canonical bases, and phosphate-sugar backbone analogues such as PNA, which affect the properties of the chain (PNA can even form a triple helix).Nucleic acid analogues are also called Xeno Nucleic Acid and represent one of the main pillars of xenobiology, the design of new-to-nature forms of life based on alternative biochemistries.Artificial nucleic acids include peptide nucleic acid (PNA), Morpholino and locked nucleic acid (LNA), as well as glycol nucleic acid (GNA) and threose nucleic acid (TNA). Each of these is distinguished from naturally occurring DNA or RNA by changes to the backbone of the molecule.In May 2014, researchers announced that they had successfully introduced two new artificial nucleotides into bacterial DNA, and by including individual artificial nucleotides in the culture media, were able to passage the bacteria 24 times; they did not create mRNA or proteins able to use the artificial nucleotides. The artificial nucleotides featured 2 fused aromatic rings.