Origin of life on Earth Two approaches: • bottom-up
... under these conditions amino acids are synthesized easily Are the conditions a realistic depiction of the early Earth? H2O, H2, CH4 and NH3 are major constituents of the atmosphere of the giant planets. Chemically, this is a reducing atmosphere, very different from the oxidizing conditions on the Ea ...
... under these conditions amino acids are synthesized easily Are the conditions a realistic depiction of the early Earth? H2O, H2, CH4 and NH3 are major constituents of the atmosphere of the giant planets. Chemically, this is a reducing atmosphere, very different from the oxidizing conditions on the Ea ...
Introduction to Genetics
... A new way of studying how large numbers of genes interact with each other and how a cell's regulatory networks control vast batteries of genes simultaneously. The method uses a robot to precisely apply tiny droplets containing functional DNA to glass slides. Researchers then attach fluorescent label ...
... A new way of studying how large numbers of genes interact with each other and how a cell's regulatory networks control vast batteries of genes simultaneously. The method uses a robot to precisely apply tiny droplets containing functional DNA to glass slides. Researchers then attach fluorescent label ...
DNA AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
... IDENTICLE DNA WILL FRAGMENT IN THE SAME LOCATION WHICH WILL PRODUCE THE SAME FRAGMENT PATTERNS ON A GEL DNA FROM DIFFERENT PEOPLE WILL FRAGMENT AT DIFFERENT PLACES AND THE FRAGMENT PATTERNS WILL BE DIFFERENT ...
... IDENTICLE DNA WILL FRAGMENT IN THE SAME LOCATION WHICH WILL PRODUCE THE SAME FRAGMENT PATTERNS ON A GEL DNA FROM DIFFERENT PEOPLE WILL FRAGMENT AT DIFFERENT PLACES AND THE FRAGMENT PATTERNS WILL BE DIFFERENT ...
bch224 tutorial kit - Covenant University
... Hershey and Chase (1952): show that when the bacterial virus (bacteriophage) T2 infects its host cell, Escherichia coli, it is the phosphorus-containing DNA of the viral particle, not the sulfur-containing protein of the viral coat, that enters the host cell and furnishes the genetic information for ...
... Hershey and Chase (1952): show that when the bacterial virus (bacteriophage) T2 infects its host cell, Escherichia coli, it is the phosphorus-containing DNA of the viral particle, not the sulfur-containing protein of the viral coat, that enters the host cell and furnishes the genetic information for ...
Fishy Code Slips
... Answers will be both yes and no for the first question. Yes, a change in type of tail fin can affect the ability of the fish to move properly. If a fish has no teeth, it will change what the fish can eat. ...
... Answers will be both yes and no for the first question. Yes, a change in type of tail fin can affect the ability of the fish to move properly. If a fish has no teeth, it will change what the fish can eat. ...
Chapter 11 – What is DNA and how does it work?
... 1. DNA unzips at the hydrogen bonds. 2. New complementary nucleotides move in to match both halves of the DNA ladder. 3. They form hydrogen bonds with the old nucleotides. ...
... 1. DNA unzips at the hydrogen bonds. 2. New complementary nucleotides move in to match both halves of the DNA ladder. 3. They form hydrogen bonds with the old nucleotides. ...
No Slide Title
... The P site tRNA leaves the ribosome The ribosome translocates (moves) the other tRNA from the A site over to the P site This movement then exposes the next mRNA codon to be translated (at the A site) and the process then repeats itself ...
... The P site tRNA leaves the ribosome The ribosome translocates (moves) the other tRNA from the A site over to the P site This movement then exposes the next mRNA codon to be translated (at the A site) and the process then repeats itself ...
Life science semester 2 final review
... 9. A Membrane around the developing baby, filled with fluid to protect the baby. 10. Transports nutrients and oxygen to the baby. 11. The point at which menstruation ends in middle age ...
... 9. A Membrane around the developing baby, filled with fluid to protect the baby. 10. Transports nutrients and oxygen to the baby. 11. The point at which menstruation ends in middle age ...
Genetics
... Incorporate desired gene into plasmid DNA Infect into bacteria DNA. Bacteria infect the plant with the plasmid and hopefully insert plasmid and desired DNA into ...
... Incorporate desired gene into plasmid DNA Infect into bacteria DNA. Bacteria infect the plant with the plasmid and hopefully insert plasmid and desired DNA into ...
DNA Replication - Gadjah Mada University
... explain prokaryotic gene regulation, showing that a genetic switch is used to control production of the enzymes needed to metabolize lactose. Similar systems control many genes in bacteria and their viruses. b. Genetic switches used in eukaryotes are different and more complex, with much remaining t ...
... explain prokaryotic gene regulation, showing that a genetic switch is used to control production of the enzymes needed to metabolize lactose. Similar systems control many genes in bacteria and their viruses. b. Genetic switches used in eukaryotes are different and more complex, with much remaining t ...
Nucleic Acid Isolation System
... production technology. It is only 80μm thick, making it incomparably thinner than conventional glass fibers. QuickGene-810's ultra thin membrane alleviates the risk of contamination from residue in the membrane. ...
... production technology. It is only 80μm thick, making it incomparably thinner than conventional glass fibers. QuickGene-810's ultra thin membrane alleviates the risk of contamination from residue in the membrane. ...
Organic Molecule
... • 20 different Amino Acids use to make all of life’s proteins. • How can there be so many different proteins when there are only 20 different amino acids? • Amino acids are connected by peptide bonds (protein aka polypeptide) ...
... • 20 different Amino Acids use to make all of life’s proteins. • How can there be so many different proteins when there are only 20 different amino acids? • Amino acids are connected by peptide bonds (protein aka polypeptide) ...
Father of Modern Genetics
... Genetics – the study of heredity Heredity – the passing of traits from one generation to the next ...
... Genetics – the study of heredity Heredity – the passing of traits from one generation to the next ...
3U 1.7a Midpoint Review
... 3.3 A Cell Clock and 5.6 DNA Structure Know the structure of DNA (antiparallel, complementary base pairing etc) What three chemical compounds make up DNA? What are the complementary pairs and how many hydrogen bonds are between them? 3.5 Cancer What is cancer? What are cancer cells and how ...
... 3.3 A Cell Clock and 5.6 DNA Structure Know the structure of DNA (antiparallel, complementary base pairing etc) What three chemical compounds make up DNA? What are the complementary pairs and how many hydrogen bonds are between them? 3.5 Cancer What is cancer? What are cancer cells and how ...
reduced size
... - most common elements in biochemical compounds are: COHN- other less common by very important ones are: SPMost of the cellular components in our body are made of carbon containing molecules. Atoms: smallest particle (unit) of an element that maintains the properties of that element. What are atoms ...
... - most common elements in biochemical compounds are: COHN- other less common by very important ones are: SPMost of the cellular components in our body are made of carbon containing molecules. Atoms: smallest particle (unit) of an element that maintains the properties of that element. What are atoms ...
Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?
... A whale’s flipper & a human arm are examples of A. analagous structures ...
... A whale’s flipper & a human arm are examples of A. analagous structures ...
energy, chemical reactions and organic compounds list the four
... Fatty Acids – a chain of 4 – 24 carbon atoms with a carboxyl group on one end and a methyl group on the other and hydrogen bonded along the sides. Can be saturated (as much hydrogen as it can carry) or unsaturated (have carbon atoms joined by double bonded covalent bonds with no hydrogen). Trigly ...
... Fatty Acids – a chain of 4 – 24 carbon atoms with a carboxyl group on one end and a methyl group on the other and hydrogen bonded along the sides. Can be saturated (as much hydrogen as it can carry) or unsaturated (have carbon atoms joined by double bonded covalent bonds with no hydrogen). Trigly ...
DNA: Technology: Stem Cells
... Vectors are used for delivery of genes into specific types of cells, for example bone marrow Gene therapy raises ethical questions, such as whether human germ-line cells should be treated to correct the defect in future generations The drug imatinib is a small molecule that inhibits overexpression o ...
... Vectors are used for delivery of genes into specific types of cells, for example bone marrow Gene therapy raises ethical questions, such as whether human germ-line cells should be treated to correct the defect in future generations The drug imatinib is a small molecule that inhibits overexpression o ...
Lecture Notes
... • Is the code overlapping or non-overlapping? • How many bases make up an amino acid? • Which bases encode which amino acids? LOGIC: Re # of Bases / Amino Acid ...
... • Is the code overlapping or non-overlapping? • How many bases make up an amino acid? • Which bases encode which amino acids? LOGIC: Re # of Bases / Amino Acid ...
Macromolecules
... albumin (egg white) hemoglobin hormones muscles membranes, hair, nails Enzymes ...
... albumin (egg white) hemoglobin hormones muscles membranes, hair, nails Enzymes ...
Gene Mutations
... Bell Ringer 3.24 1. Where does translation occur in the cell? 2. Why do we need RNA to make proteins? 3. How can different codons code for the same amino acid? ...
... Bell Ringer 3.24 1. Where does translation occur in the cell? 2. Why do we need RNA to make proteins? 3. How can different codons code for the same amino acid? ...
Chapter 5 Structure and Function of Macromolecules
... Many changes over _________ results in variation in proteins handed down to offspring This results in protein differences in different _______________ or groups of organisms Differences in proteins from two populations may _______________ until the populations are very different from one anoth ...
... Many changes over _________ results in variation in proteins handed down to offspring This results in protein differences in different _______________ or groups of organisms Differences in proteins from two populations may _______________ until the populations are very different from one anoth ...
VIRUS
... injects its DNA into the cell • The viral DNA incorporates itself to the host DNA, becoming a new set of cell genes called a prophage. ...
... injects its DNA into the cell • The viral DNA incorporates itself to the host DNA, becoming a new set of cell genes called a prophage. ...
Nucleic acid analogue
Nucleic acid analogues are compounds which are analogous (structurally similar) to naturally occurring RNA and DNA, used in medicine and in molecular biology research.Nucleic acids are chains of nucleotides, which are composed of three parts: a phosphate backbone, a pucker-shaped pentose sugar, either ribose or deoxyribose, and one of four nucleobases.An analogue may have any of these altered. Typically the analogue nucleobases confer, among other things, different base pairing and base stacking properties. Examples include universal bases, which can pair with all four canonical bases, and phosphate-sugar backbone analogues such as PNA, which affect the properties of the chain (PNA can even form a triple helix).Nucleic acid analogues are also called Xeno Nucleic Acid and represent one of the main pillars of xenobiology, the design of new-to-nature forms of life based on alternative biochemistries.Artificial nucleic acids include peptide nucleic acid (PNA), Morpholino and locked nucleic acid (LNA), as well as glycol nucleic acid (GNA) and threose nucleic acid (TNA). Each of these is distinguished from naturally occurring DNA or RNA by changes to the backbone of the molecule.In May 2014, researchers announced that they had successfully introduced two new artificial nucleotides into bacterial DNA, and by including individual artificial nucleotides in the culture media, were able to passage the bacteria 24 times; they did not create mRNA or proteins able to use the artificial nucleotides. The artificial nucleotides featured 2 fused aromatic rings.