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LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034
LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034

... 4. What would be the decarboxylated product of pyruvate in glycolysis? Mention the structure. 5. Define glycosuria. 6. What are ketone bodies? When and how are they formed in the body? 7. Calculate the energitics for palmitic acid oxidation. 8. List the possible enzymes that are involved in DNA repl ...
Exam 2 question possibility for 2008
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... If the “entrance reaction” is considered the condensation of acetyl-coA with oxaloaacetate to form citrate, you will get one answer. If only pyruvate to acetyl coA is considered to be blocked, then you will get a different answer. 2. Which yields more ATP? Place a check before the best answer. Assum ...
10DNAtoProt
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... C. joining of RNA from two different genes to form a new mRNA. D. the use of alternative reading frames when translating an mRNA. E. a new dance for people with alternative life styles. 9. During transcription of DNA to RNA: A. an RNA polymerase moves along the DNA in the 5’ to the 3’ direction . B. ...
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... us to discard pumps, which permits great savings in complexity and cost, and the potential to perform complex tests without any permanent instruments. However, there are many physical and chemical differences between open ducts and porous media--we have put a good deal of effort into understanding t ...
dna adducts - dr
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... either exogenous (xenobiotic) or endogenous (including metabolites of xenobiotics). The effect of an adduct depends on it’s location on DNA: • An adduct on a gene will usually reduces or blocks that gene’s expression. • An adduct near (on the promotor region of) a gene may lead to over-expression of ...
Bio_130_files/Organic chemistry
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DNA Isolation From 300–450 mg Dried or 600–1200 mg Fresh Leaf

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Viral replication factories/site(s) inside live host: Replication forks

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... consistent with the significant increase of negative charges on the gate brought about by the hybridization. When a non-complementary DNA strand is placed on substrates containing only the probe ssDNA and spacer using the same conditions as before, no significant shift is observed in accordance with ...
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... In the present study, detection of CT DNA is mediated by a two-step process. First, CT cells are rapidly lysed and the DNA fragmented using lysing chambers composed of gold or aluminum triangles deposited on glass slides and heated using conventional microwave irradiation (Figure 2). After a centrif ...
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1. Nucleic Acids and Chromosomes

... DNA: Double-stranded polynucleotide formed from two separate chains of covalently linked deoxyribonucleotide units. It serves as the cell’s store of genetic information that is transmitted from generation to generation  Doxyribose and phosphate backbone  Adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine base ...
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Genetics Review Sheet

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... – “The Role of Enzymes” by VEA Australia New Zealand – Come in and use my laptop if needed. ...
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Nucleic acid analogue



Nucleic acid analogues are compounds which are analogous (structurally similar) to naturally occurring RNA and DNA, used in medicine and in molecular biology research.Nucleic acids are chains of nucleotides, which are composed of three parts: a phosphate backbone, a pucker-shaped pentose sugar, either ribose or deoxyribose, and one of four nucleobases.An analogue may have any of these altered. Typically the analogue nucleobases confer, among other things, different base pairing and base stacking properties. Examples include universal bases, which can pair with all four canonical bases, and phosphate-sugar backbone analogues such as PNA, which affect the properties of the chain (PNA can even form a triple helix).Nucleic acid analogues are also called Xeno Nucleic Acid and represent one of the main pillars of xenobiology, the design of new-to-nature forms of life based on alternative biochemistries.Artificial nucleic acids include peptide nucleic acid (PNA), Morpholino and locked nucleic acid (LNA), as well as glycol nucleic acid (GNA) and threose nucleic acid (TNA). Each of these is distinguished from naturally occurring DNA or RNA by changes to the backbone of the molecule.In May 2014, researchers announced that they had successfully introduced two new artificial nucleotides into bacterial DNA, and by including individual artificial nucleotides in the culture media, were able to passage the bacteria 24 times; they did not create mRNA or proteins able to use the artificial nucleotides. The artificial nucleotides featured 2 fused aromatic rings.
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