• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Messenger RNA
Messenger RNA

... For this reason, replication is called semi-conservative. When the DNA is ready to copy, the molecule “unzips” itself and new nucleotides are added to each side. The image showing replication is similar to the DNA and mRNA coloring. Note the nucleotides are shown as their 3 parts – sugar (blue), pho ...
DNA to Proteins
DNA to Proteins

... replication (bonding 50 base pairs per second means mistakes will be made!) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bju4C5GxeQs&feature=r elated ...
DNA Study Guide 1. The sides of a DNA molecule are made up of
DNA Study Guide 1. The sides of a DNA molecule are made up of

... 23. The most common treatments for cancer include drugs, surgery, and _________________________________. 24. What is chemotherapy? ________________________________________________________________________ 25. What are multiple alleles? _________________________________________________________________ ...
Amino Acids - WordPress.com
Amino Acids - WordPress.com

... • mRNA = Copy of gene/DNA (instructions for making the protein) • tRNA = Translates/Decodes mRNA and Transfers/Delivers amino acids to the ribosome in the correct sequence • rRNA = Ribosomes are made of rRNA which Bond amino acids together to build the Polypeptide (protein) ...
Introduction to the biology and technology of DNA microarrays
Introduction to the biology and technology of DNA microarrays

... • Amino acids: Class of 20 different organic compounds containing a basic amino group (-NH2) and an acidic carboxyl group (-COOH). • The order of the amino acids is determined by the base sequence of nucleotides in the gene coding for the protein. ...
Chemical Principles
Chemical Principles

...  Amino acids are building blocks of proteins.  Join together by a peptide bond.  Amino acids have a central alpha C, that has ...
protein synthesis
protein synthesis

... direction of DNA Only one of the two DNA strands is ...
Introduction to 9th Grade Biology
Introduction to 9th Grade Biology

... with a Double Helix shape like a 3-D twisted ladder) [Deoxyribonucleic Acid] – RNA- transfers the genetic information (single stranded) [Ribonucleic Acid] – ATP- Provides energy for all cells ...
DNA unit test review
DNA unit test review

... 8. Proteins are made up of long chains of _________ _________. 9. Proteins vary in both _________ and _________ of amino acids 10. The primary structure of a protein is its specific amino acid sequence. What causes the protein to fold into its final 3D shape? 11. Give 2 examples of proteins in human ...
Introduction to Nucleic Acids
Introduction to Nucleic Acids

Unit 1 – Notes #2 DNA Structure - Mr. Lesiuk
Unit 1 – Notes #2 DNA Structure - Mr. Lesiuk

... - The cell uses these amino acids to build new proteins for cells to grow and repair themselves as well as to make new cells through cell division (mitosis). - The blue-prints and processes for building these proteins are quite intricate, and the control of protein synthesis is governed by the nucl ...
Test 1 Notecards
Test 1 Notecards

... Control: something that is kept the same during an experiment. Variable: something that changes during an experiment.  Independent variable: the factor that is deliberately changed in an experiment; what you are testing.  Dependent variable: the factor that changes in response to the independent v ...
18. Gene Expression
18. Gene Expression

Slide 1
Slide 1

... • nucleus • Where else? • mitochondria, chloroplast (the endosymbiont theory) • What form does DNA take in the nucleus? • chromosome • How do the 150 million base pairs that make up the human genome fit into the nucleus? • wrapped around histones • coiled and supercoiled chromatin condenses into chr ...
Chapter 12 “DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis” Reading/Study Guide
Chapter 12 “DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis” Reading/Study Guide

... 8. DNA has several parts. Using the diagram on page 291 as a guide, draw the section of DNA and label the following parts: Adenine, Guanine, Purines, Cytosine, thymine, Pyrimidines, Phosphate group, Deoxyribose ...
71071_Protein_synthesis
71071_Protein_synthesis

... of nucleic acids to the language of ...
RC 2 Student Notes
RC 2 Student Notes

... A gene is a segment of DNA; carries instructions for expression of traits (eye color, hair color, etc.) A pair of inherited genes controls a trait One member of the inherited pair of genes comes from each parent, often called alleles. Alleles are represented as letters: B b T t The alleles are the r ...
Lecture-1-molbio
Lecture-1-molbio

... Translation of mRNA to Protein • Each triplet is called a codon • The code is degenerate –61 codons map to 20 amino acids –Between 1 and 6 codons per amino acid –3 codons stop translation (TAA, TGA, TAG) –Codons for the same amino acid are called synonymous –DNA mutations that do not change the ami ...
Mutations and Their Significance
Mutations and Their Significance

... • The purpose of transcription is to make a copy of the genetic code contained in the DNA sequence into mRNA which can leave the nucleus • Enzymes copy one strand of DNA into a singlestranded mRNA molecule ( A binds with U, T binds with A, G binds with C) ...
DNA, RNA, Genes, Chromosomes
DNA, RNA, Genes, Chromosomes

... Page 2 of 2 ...
Unit 4: Genetics Name: Date: Aim #23 Translation: How does DNA
Unit 4: Genetics Name: Date: Aim #23 Translation: How does DNA

... nucleus, allowing the mRNA strand to leave the nucleus with the genetic message and head for the ribosome to make proteins through another process called translation. What is Translation? Where does translation occur? What are the steps of translation? ...
Genes to Proteins Nucleic Acid Structure
Genes to Proteins Nucleic Acid Structure

... • Major/minor grooves • Sugar phosphate  backbone toward  solvent • Base pairs stacked,  perpendicular • Edges of bases exposed  in grooves for  recognition ...
Genetic Information DNA - Barnegat Township School District
Genetic Information DNA - Barnegat Township School District

... • One base is substituted for another • Results in the wrong base pair sequence • Can cause serious damage – wrong amino acid – protein non functional • Can be silent – no change in amino acid, no change in protein: - UUU changed to UUC – both are codons for the same amino acid Phenylalanine ...
Hydrogen Bonds
Hydrogen Bonds

... • Give water special properties ...
Goal 3: Learner will develop an understanding of the continuity of
Goal 3: Learner will develop an understanding of the continuity of

... 8. If the strand of DNA above undergoes transcription, what will the sequence of the mRNA be? ...
< 1 ... 996 997 998 999 1000 1001 1002 1003 1004 ... 1036 >

Nucleic acid analogue



Nucleic acid analogues are compounds which are analogous (structurally similar) to naturally occurring RNA and DNA, used in medicine and in molecular biology research.Nucleic acids are chains of nucleotides, which are composed of three parts: a phosphate backbone, a pucker-shaped pentose sugar, either ribose or deoxyribose, and one of four nucleobases.An analogue may have any of these altered. Typically the analogue nucleobases confer, among other things, different base pairing and base stacking properties. Examples include universal bases, which can pair with all four canonical bases, and phosphate-sugar backbone analogues such as PNA, which affect the properties of the chain (PNA can even form a triple helix).Nucleic acid analogues are also called Xeno Nucleic Acid and represent one of the main pillars of xenobiology, the design of new-to-nature forms of life based on alternative biochemistries.Artificial nucleic acids include peptide nucleic acid (PNA), Morpholino and locked nucleic acid (LNA), as well as glycol nucleic acid (GNA) and threose nucleic acid (TNA). Each of these is distinguished from naturally occurring DNA or RNA by changes to the backbone of the molecule.In May 2014, researchers announced that they had successfully introduced two new artificial nucleotides into bacterial DNA, and by including individual artificial nucleotides in the culture media, were able to passage the bacteria 24 times; they did not create mRNA or proteins able to use the artificial nucleotides. The artificial nucleotides featured 2 fused aromatic rings.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report