Neuroanatomical correlates of the near response: voluntary
... This study identi®es brain regions participating in the execution of eye movements for voluntary positive accommodation (VPA) during open-loop vergence conditions. Neuronal activity was estimated by measurement of changes in regional cerebral blood ¯ow (rCBF) with positron emission tomography and 15 ...
... This study identi®es brain regions participating in the execution of eye movements for voluntary positive accommodation (VPA) during open-loop vergence conditions. Neuronal activity was estimated by measurement of changes in regional cerebral blood ¯ow (rCBF) with positron emission tomography and 15 ...
(2000). Cerebral hemisphere regulation of motivated behavior.
... of course by a subset of motoneuron pools in the spinal cord ventral horn that innervates the limb muscles responsible for locomotor behavior (Fig. 1). The second major level is referred to as the locomotor pattern generator, which lies entirely within the spinal cord, near the motoneuron pools that ...
... of course by a subset of motoneuron pools in the spinal cord ventral horn that innervates the limb muscles responsible for locomotor behavior (Fig. 1). The second major level is referred to as the locomotor pattern generator, which lies entirely within the spinal cord, near the motoneuron pools that ...
Visual Processing in the Primate Brain
... Masland, 1999). Amacrine cells are inhibitory interneurons that connect with bipolar cells, ganglion cells, and ...
... Masland, 1999). Amacrine cells are inhibitory interneurons that connect with bipolar cells, ganglion cells, and ...
- The Human Brain
... A specific function hardly can be assigned to any individual nucleus of the basal ganglia complex . Indeed, information about functional properties should be gained from anatomical studies (fibre connections), experiments (abla tion, stimulation), biochemical evaluation and clinico-pathological obse ...
... A specific function hardly can be assigned to any individual nucleus of the basal ganglia complex . Indeed, information about functional properties should be gained from anatomical studies (fibre connections), experiments (abla tion, stimulation), biochemical evaluation and clinico-pathological obse ...
Zinc Alters Excitatory Amino Acid Neurotoxicity on Cortical Neurons
... NMDA receptorswhile increasingthe activation of quisqualate receptors. If indeed Zn is coreleasedwith synaptically releasedglutamate, it might not only modify the postsynaptic effects of glutamate during the brief exposuresassociatedwith normal synaptic transmission, but it could also importantly mo ...
... NMDA receptorswhile increasingthe activation of quisqualate receptors. If indeed Zn is coreleasedwith synaptically releasedglutamate, it might not only modify the postsynaptic effects of glutamate during the brief exposuresassociatedwith normal synaptic transmission, but it could also importantly mo ...
as a PDF
... nor is there a clear rostrocaudal distinction between neurons with axons exiting the brainstem in VII and those exiting in IX, so that Contreras et al. (1980) question the wisdom of the traditional division of the neurons into superior and inferior salivatory nuclei. ...
... nor is there a clear rostrocaudal distinction between neurons with axons exiting the brainstem in VII and those exiting in IX, so that Contreras et al. (1980) question the wisdom of the traditional division of the neurons into superior and inferior salivatory nuclei. ...
Cortical projections to the nucleus of the optic tract and dorsal
... into the stereotaxic apparatus. After additional local anesthesia with bupivacaine hydrochloride (Bupivacain, 0.5 ml) or prilocaine hydrochloride 0.5% (Xylonest, 0.5 ml), the skin overlying the skull was cut and a craniotomy was performed to allow access to the pretectum and to the pontine nuclei. D ...
... into the stereotaxic apparatus. After additional local anesthesia with bupivacaine hydrochloride (Bupivacain, 0.5 ml) or prilocaine hydrochloride 0.5% (Xylonest, 0.5 ml), the skin overlying the skull was cut and a craniotomy was performed to allow access to the pretectum and to the pontine nuclei. D ...
Immunohistochemical description of the endogenous cannabinoid
... Analysis of the CB1 receptor expression in the rat brain by in situ hybridization histochemistry and immunocytochemistry has provided important insights into the functional neuroanatomy of the endocannabinoid system (Matsuda et al., 1993; Pettit et al., 1998; Egertová and Elphick, 2000; Van Sickle ...
... Analysis of the CB1 receptor expression in the rat brain by in situ hybridization histochemistry and immunocytochemistry has provided important insights into the functional neuroanatomy of the endocannabinoid system (Matsuda et al., 1993; Pettit et al., 1998; Egertová and Elphick, 2000; Van Sickle ...
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in the
... study comparing rTMS administered over 5 days with sham rTMS. Four of 12 patients responded to the real rTMS phase of the study with a decrease in their Hamilton depression scale score of ≥30%, while only one of 10 patients responded to the sham rTMS. However, by 2 weeks there was no significant dif ...
... study comparing rTMS administered over 5 days with sham rTMS. Four of 12 patients responded to the real rTMS phase of the study with a decrease in their Hamilton depression scale score of ≥30%, while only one of 10 patients responded to the sham rTMS. However, by 2 weeks there was no significant dif ...
Neurophysiologic markers in laryngeal muscles indicate functional
... the laryngeal muscles (Corballis, 2003). The direct functional connectivity of M1 for laryngeal muscles was demonstrated in our studies (Deletis et al., 2008, 2009, 2011; Espadaler et al. 2012). In these studies, we have developed methodologies for stimulating M1 for laryngeal muscles and recording ...
... the laryngeal muscles (Corballis, 2003). The direct functional connectivity of M1 for laryngeal muscles was demonstrated in our studies (Deletis et al., 2008, 2009, 2011; Espadaler et al. 2012). In these studies, we have developed methodologies for stimulating M1 for laryngeal muscles and recording ...
kbook or W NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS
... Can we use what we know to control someone else’s brain? How likely is it that once we know exactly how the brain functions that we will be able to control another person’s brain? It sounds like science fiction, but we can actually do it right now, even with the limited knowledge we have. Transcrani ...
... Can we use what we know to control someone else’s brain? How likely is it that once we know exactly how the brain functions that we will be able to control another person’s brain? It sounds like science fiction, but we can actually do it right now, even with the limited knowledge we have. Transcrani ...
Vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs): The three musketeers of
... peripheral nervous system (PNS) as well as in non-neuronal cells. VGLUTs are localized in the dorsal root ganglia, where they are involved in nociception (Oliviera et al. 2003), in the trigeminal ganglion (Li et al. 2003) and in enteric neurons being the primary afferent neurotransmitter that transf ...
... peripheral nervous system (PNS) as well as in non-neuronal cells. VGLUTs are localized in the dorsal root ganglia, where they are involved in nociception (Oliviera et al. 2003), in the trigeminal ganglion (Li et al. 2003) and in enteric neurons being the primary afferent neurotransmitter that transf ...
Hubel 1977_Small
... hypercolumns) have roughly the same width throughout the binocular part of the cortex. The two independent systems of hypercolumns are engrafted upon the well known topographic representation of the visual field. The receptive fields mapped in a vertical penetration through cortex show a scatter in ...
... hypercolumns) have roughly the same width throughout the binocular part of the cortex. The two independent systems of hypercolumns are engrafted upon the well known topographic representation of the visual field. The receptive fields mapped in a vertical penetration through cortex show a scatter in ...
Episodic autobiographical memories over the course of time
... is defined by a sense of self in time and the mental reliving of subjective experiences arising from the encoding context. Hence, based on a combination of self, autonoetic consciousness and subjectively sensed time, episodic memory makes it possible to travel mentally through subjective time, from p ...
... is defined by a sense of self in time and the mental reliving of subjective experiences arising from the encoding context. Hence, based on a combination of self, autonoetic consciousness and subjectively sensed time, episodic memory makes it possible to travel mentally through subjective time, from p ...
Getting to Know You: Reputation and Trust in a Two
... and the peak of these ‘‘intention to trust’’ responses shifted its time of occurrence by 14 seconds as player reputations developed. This temporal transfer resembles a similar shift of reward prediction errors common to reinforcement learning models, but in the context of a social exchange. These da ...
... and the peak of these ‘‘intention to trust’’ responses shifted its time of occurrence by 14 seconds as player reputations developed. This temporal transfer resembles a similar shift of reward prediction errors common to reinforcement learning models, but in the context of a social exchange. These da ...
`What` Is Happening in the Dorsal Visual Pathway
... direct connections, the cIPL is connected to these regions through a set of indirect connections that travel through limbic regions [115,116]. Importantly, the hippocampal formation is known to be involved in complex spatial processing and navigation, and the dorsal pathway input might also be engag ...
... direct connections, the cIPL is connected to these regions through a set of indirect connections that travel through limbic regions [115,116]. Importantly, the hippocampal formation is known to be involved in complex spatial processing and navigation, and the dorsal pathway input might also be engag ...
Neural predictors of evaluative attitudes toward
... choice task with real-world validity (see later for more detail on the choice task). Every year, the idol group has a unique annual election contest as a marketing strategy. Before the election contest, their new album is released, which includes a voting code. Each fan can vote for his/her favorite ...
... choice task with real-world validity (see later for more detail on the choice task). Every year, the idol group has a unique annual election contest as a marketing strategy. Before the election contest, their new album is released, which includes a voting code. Each fan can vote for his/her favorite ...
Topography of Visual Cortex Connections with Frontal Eye Field in
... are involved in orienting responses to peripheral visual as well as to acoustic stimuli and therefore are more closely related to spatial vision. This study examined the pattern of connections of frontal eye field (FEF) and surrounding prefrontal cortex with extrastriate visual areas and other postc ...
... are involved in orienting responses to peripheral visual as well as to acoustic stimuli and therefore are more closely related to spatial vision. This study examined the pattern of connections of frontal eye field (FEF) and surrounding prefrontal cortex with extrastriate visual areas and other postc ...
Role of Feedforward and Feedback Projections in Figure
... collinearly aligned suppression of neural activity to the target line is observed (Kapadia et al., 2000). For drifting gratings, surround influence is mainly suppressive and suppression tends to be stronger when the surround grating also moves in the neurons preferred direction. When the surround is ...
... collinearly aligned suppression of neural activity to the target line is observed (Kapadia et al., 2000). For drifting gratings, surround influence is mainly suppressive and suppression tends to be stronger when the surround grating also moves in the neurons preferred direction. When the surround is ...
Spontaneous activity in developing sensory circuits
... discontinu become interleaved with periods of low-voltage activity (indicative of continuous activity) observed between the bursts. These periods, so called tracé alternant, become more common, resulting in longer periods of continuous activity. Continuous cortical activity is observed from 1 to 2 m ...
... discontinu become interleaved with periods of low-voltage activity (indicative of continuous activity) observed between the bursts. These periods, so called tracé alternant, become more common, resulting in longer periods of continuous activity. Continuous cortical activity is observed from 1 to 2 m ...
Long-term potentiation in the anterior cingulate cortex and chronic
... (NKA). Glutamate and neuropeptides activate spinal dorsal horn neurons, including those that send projection terminals to supraspinal structures. Neurons in the thalamus play key roles in relaying these ascending inputs. Several cortical areas are activated, including the ACC, prefrontal cortex (PFC ...
... (NKA). Glutamate and neuropeptides activate spinal dorsal horn neurons, including those that send projection terminals to supraspinal structures. Neurons in the thalamus play key roles in relaying these ascending inputs. Several cortical areas are activated, including the ACC, prefrontal cortex (PFC ...
IOSR Journal Of Environmental Science, Toxicology And Food Technology (IOSR-JESTFT)
... acid prevents the free radical caused oxidative damage of the cell membrane [57]. Ascorbic acid also protects the neurons against exitotoxic cell death [30, 31]. Vitamin C exerts neuroprotective action through scavenging the oxygen free radicals [58]. A decrease in lipid peroxidation, an increase ca ...
... acid prevents the free radical caused oxidative damage of the cell membrane [57]. Ascorbic acid also protects the neurons against exitotoxic cell death [30, 31]. Vitamin C exerts neuroprotective action through scavenging the oxygen free radicals [58]. A decrease in lipid peroxidation, an increase ca ...