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Chapter 18: Organic Chemistry
... characteristic influence on the properties of the molecule. • In general, the reactions that a compound will undergo are determined by what functional groups it has. • Since many times the identity of the hydrocarbon chain is irrelevant to the reactions, it is indicated by the general symbol R. ...
... characteristic influence on the properties of the molecule. • In general, the reactions that a compound will undergo are determined by what functional groups it has. • Since many times the identity of the hydrocarbon chain is irrelevant to the reactions, it is indicated by the general symbol R. ...
Slide 1
... that the iminium salt can be reduced as it is formed. Only very weak reducing agents can be used in this reaction to avoid reduction of the starting aldehyde or ketone. Sodium triacetoxyborohydride and sodium cyanoborohydride will reduce the iminium salt without reducing the carbonyl compound. Indus ...
... that the iminium salt can be reduced as it is formed. Only very weak reducing agents can be used in this reaction to avoid reduction of the starting aldehyde or ketone. Sodium triacetoxyborohydride and sodium cyanoborohydride will reduce the iminium salt without reducing the carbonyl compound. Indus ...
Hydrocarbon Derivatives - AHS-SCH4U
... attached to the –OH group.) Name the parent alkane 2. The suffix is –ol; indicate the position of the –OH group in front of the suffix 3. More than one –OH group; use di, tri, tetra and keep entire root name 4. Number the chain so that the –OH group has the lowest number 5. Add a position number bef ...
... attached to the –OH group.) Name the parent alkane 2. The suffix is –ol; indicate the position of the –OH group in front of the suffix 3. More than one –OH group; use di, tri, tetra and keep entire root name 4. Number the chain so that the –OH group has the lowest number 5. Add a position number bef ...
Organic Chemistry II Introduction
... Alcohols and Phenols • Important solvents and intermediates • Phenols contain an OH group connected to a carbon in a benzene ...
... Alcohols and Phenols • Important solvents and intermediates • Phenols contain an OH group connected to a carbon in a benzene ...
Chapter 14 Solutions
... a. CFCs are chlorofluorocarbons with a general formula of CFxCl4 – x; HCFCs have fluorine, chlorine, and hydrogen bonded to carbon; and HFCs have only hydrogen and fluorine bonded to carbon. b. CFCs destroy the ozone layer whereas HCFCs and HFCs decompose more readily before ascending to the ozone l ...
... a. CFCs are chlorofluorocarbons with a general formula of CFxCl4 – x; HCFCs have fluorine, chlorine, and hydrogen bonded to carbon; and HFCs have only hydrogen and fluorine bonded to carbon. b. CFCs destroy the ozone layer whereas HCFCs and HFCs decompose more readily before ascending to the ozone l ...
Amines and amides
... • Amines are classified by the number of carbons directly bonded to the nitrogen atom: – A primary amine has one • RNH2 = 1o ...
... • Amines are classified by the number of carbons directly bonded to the nitrogen atom: – A primary amine has one • RNH2 = 1o ...
ch04 - alkanes
... t Not 120o, the angle of simple hexagon t Adopts a chair conformation with no ring strain! t All bond angles are 109.5o and all C-H bonds are perfectly ...
... t Not 120o, the angle of simple hexagon t Adopts a chair conformation with no ring strain! t All bond angles are 109.5o and all C-H bonds are perfectly ...
Electrophilic Selenium Catalysis with Electrophilic N
... Functionalization of alkenes is a perpetual goal in organic synthesis. One of the attractive routes to elaborate the carbon–carbon double bond of alkenes is through electrophilic selenium reagent-promoted selenofunctionalization. In this context, several electrophilic organoselenium reagents ArSeX ( ...
... Functionalization of alkenes is a perpetual goal in organic synthesis. One of the attractive routes to elaborate the carbon–carbon double bond of alkenes is through electrophilic selenium reagent-promoted selenofunctionalization. In this context, several electrophilic organoselenium reagents ArSeX ( ...
CHEM 494 Lecture 8 - UIC Department of Chemistry
... When elimination can occur in more than one direction, the major alkene is the one formed by loss of a H atom from the β carbon having the fewest hydrogens ...
... When elimination can occur in more than one direction, the major alkene is the one formed by loss of a H atom from the β carbon having the fewest hydrogens ...
lec-3- 211( Elim+ Re..
... • Drug metabolism can occur in every tissue (e.g. gut, lung and kidney). However, the major drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) are expressed at the highest levels in the liver, which thus serves as the major organ of metabolic clearance • Drug metabolism serves to control the exposure of a potentially ...
... • Drug metabolism can occur in every tissue (e.g. gut, lung and kidney). However, the major drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) are expressed at the highest levels in the liver, which thus serves as the major organ of metabolic clearance • Drug metabolism serves to control the exposure of a potentially ...
BIOC201W1_Carbohydrate Chemistry_2014
... compounds to form stable acetals called GLYCOSIDES. These glycosides may be named according to the sugars from which they are derived from such as Glucoside from glucose Galacoside from galactose etc. The linkage (-C-O-C-) between two monosaccharide units are called glycosidic or galactosidic ...
... compounds to form stable acetals called GLYCOSIDES. These glycosides may be named according to the sugars from which they are derived from such as Glucoside from glucose Galacoside from galactose etc. The linkage (-C-O-C-) between two monosaccharide units are called glycosidic or galactosidic ...
12_chemistry_impq_CH10_haloalkanes_and_haloarenes_02
... Ans. p- dichlorobenzene is symmetrical, fits into crystal lattice more readily and has higher melting point. Q11. Although chlorine is an electron- withdrawing group, yet it is ortho and para directing in electrophillic aromatic substitution reactions.Why Ans. Chlorobenzene is resonance hybrid, ther ...
... Ans. p- dichlorobenzene is symmetrical, fits into crystal lattice more readily and has higher melting point. Q11. Although chlorine is an electron- withdrawing group, yet it is ortho and para directing in electrophillic aromatic substitution reactions.Why Ans. Chlorobenzene is resonance hybrid, ther ...
CHEM 203 Material
... Principle: determining whether the bonded state of a given atom resembles more closely the preceding or the successive noble gas allows one to make important predictions about chemical reactivity: Example: the C atom in CH4 has formally acquired 4 electrons, thereby assuming the oxidation state of – ...
... Principle: determining whether the bonded state of a given atom resembles more closely the preceding or the successive noble gas allows one to make important predictions about chemical reactivity: Example: the C atom in CH4 has formally acquired 4 electrons, thereby assuming the oxidation state of – ...
OC 2/e Ch 15
... interact in the pure state by dipole-dipole interaction • they have higher boiling points and are more soluble in water than nonpolar compounds of comparable molecular weight ...
... interact in the pure state by dipole-dipole interaction • they have higher boiling points and are more soluble in water than nonpolar compounds of comparable molecular weight ...
Cerium(IV) Ammonium Nitrate as a Catalyst in
... 2.1. Introduction Although Ce(IV) has been well-known as an oxidizing agent for many years, it has several disadvantages, one of which is the large amount of reagent needed because Ce(IV)containing reagents have relatively high molecular weights, combined with the fact that Ce(IV) cations can accept ...
... 2.1. Introduction Although Ce(IV) has been well-known as an oxidizing agent for many years, it has several disadvantages, one of which is the large amount of reagent needed because Ce(IV)containing reagents have relatively high molecular weights, combined with the fact that Ce(IV) cations can accept ...
Oxidation
... Carbon is often more electronegative (2.5) than some of the other atom which it bonds such as hydrogen has electronegativity 2.2. So in this case what we have to do? Unlike metal-metal bond, carbon bonds are found all over the organic chemistry then how can we calculate the oxidation state. ...
... Carbon is often more electronegative (2.5) than some of the other atom which it bonds such as hydrogen has electronegativity 2.2. So in this case what we have to do? Unlike metal-metal bond, carbon bonds are found all over the organic chemistry then how can we calculate the oxidation state. ...
Handout 3
... In 1,2-Methyl shift a methyl group could move to an adjacent carbon atom to increase the stability of intermediate. CH3 CH3 H CH3C CHCH3 carbocation intermediate CH3CCH CH2 o + ve charge on (2 ) carbon atom CH3 CH3 To increase the stability of the intermediate, methyl group shifts as follows: ...
... In 1,2-Methyl shift a methyl group could move to an adjacent carbon atom to increase the stability of intermediate. CH3 CH3 H CH3C CHCH3 carbocation intermediate CH3CCH CH2 o + ve charge on (2 ) carbon atom CH3 CH3 To increase the stability of the intermediate, methyl group shifts as follows: ...
RheniumCatalyzed Deoxydehydration of Diols and Polyols
... While the majority of oil, coal, and gas is used for energy production, the realization of an economy completely independent of fossil resources also requires biomass-based substitutes for polymers, medicine, pesticides, and so forth.[1] The evergrowing world population makes it questionable to use ...
... While the majority of oil, coal, and gas is used for energy production, the realization of an economy completely independent of fossil resources also requires biomass-based substitutes for polymers, medicine, pesticides, and so forth.[1] The evergrowing world population makes it questionable to use ...
amines
... Classification and nomenclature Formally: alkylated/arylated derivatives of NH3 Amines are classified according to their degree of substitution at nitrogen. According the number of the attached hydrocarbon chains: An amine with one carbon attached to nitrogen is a primary amine, an amine primary (1o ...
... Classification and nomenclature Formally: alkylated/arylated derivatives of NH3 Amines are classified according to their degree of substitution at nitrogen. According the number of the attached hydrocarbon chains: An amine with one carbon attached to nitrogen is a primary amine, an amine primary (1o ...
Anionic rearrangement of 2-benzyloxypyridine derivatives and a synthetic approach to aldingenin B
... could not have achieved what I have today. From him, I learned not only new ideas and information, but also how to properly conduct research. The way he teaches is not by giving a simple answer, but by guiding us to the right path and making us find the answer. Gradually, I learned to do research mo ...
... could not have achieved what I have today. From him, I learned not only new ideas and information, but also how to properly conduct research. The way he teaches is not by giving a simple answer, but by guiding us to the right path and making us find the answer. Gradually, I learned to do research mo ...
- Wiley Online Library
... versatile building blocks in organic synthesis. Among these, achlorocarbonyl derivatives are of synthetic value owing to the variety of functional groups that can be introduced both at the chlorinated a-carbon atom and at the carbonyl functionality.[1] For instance, they readily undergo substitution ...
... versatile building blocks in organic synthesis. Among these, achlorocarbonyl derivatives are of synthetic value owing to the variety of functional groups that can be introduced both at the chlorinated a-carbon atom and at the carbonyl functionality.[1] For instance, they readily undergo substitution ...
Document
... • When a mixture of stereoisomers is possible from a dehydrohalogenation, the major product is the more stable stereoisomer. • A reaction is stereoselective when it forms predominantly or exclusively one stereoisomer when two or more are possible. • The E2 reaction is stereoselective because one ste ...
... • When a mixture of stereoisomers is possible from a dehydrohalogenation, the major product is the more stable stereoisomer. • A reaction is stereoselective when it forms predominantly or exclusively one stereoisomer when two or more are possible. • The E2 reaction is stereoselective because one ste ...
Development of New Synthetic Routes to Organoboronates by Catalytic Allylic Substitution and
... crotyl (R1=Me, R2=H, Scheme 9) species, this method has the advantage of using readily available and inexpensive starting materials. However, these reactive species are known to undergo facile metallotropic rearrangements,109-111 which may lead to scrambling of both regio- and stereoisomers in the c ...
... crotyl (R1=Me, R2=H, Scheme 9) species, this method has the advantage of using readily available and inexpensive starting materials. However, these reactive species are known to undergo facile metallotropic rearrangements,109-111 which may lead to scrambling of both regio- and stereoisomers in the c ...
Tiffeneau–Demjanov rearrangement
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Tiffeneau-Demjanov_Rearrangement_Scheme.png?width=300)
The Tiffeneau–Demjanov rearrangement (TDR) is the chemical reaction of a 1-aminomethyl-cycloalkanol with nitrous acid to form an enlarged cycloketone.The Tiffeneau–Demjanov ring expansion, Tiffeneau–Demjanov rearrangement, or TDR, provides an easy way to increase amino-substituted cycloalkanes and cycloalkanols in size by one carbon. Ring sizes from cyclopropane through cyclooctane are able to undergo Tiffeneau–Demjanov ring expansion with some degree of success. Yields decrease as initial ring size increases, and the ideal use of TDR is for synthesis of five, six, and seven membered rings. A principal synthetic application of Tiffeneau–Demjanov ring expansion is to bicyclic or polycyclic systems. Several reviews on this reaction have been published.