Chap Thirteen: Alcohols
... v. Formation of alkoxide ion by reaction of alcohols with Na° or K° 2. Preparation of Alcohols a. 1° alcohols from 1° Alkyl Halides with hydroxide (SN2, review) b. Vicinal Diols from anti-addition of water to Epoxides under acidic or basic conditions (review) or from oxidation of alkenes with OsO4 ( ...
... v. Formation of alkoxide ion by reaction of alcohols with Na° or K° 2. Preparation of Alcohols a. 1° alcohols from 1° Alkyl Halides with hydroxide (SN2, review) b. Vicinal Diols from anti-addition of water to Epoxides under acidic or basic conditions (review) or from oxidation of alkenes with OsO4 ( ...
TYPES OF REACTIONS IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
... EVIDENCE FOR THE MECHANISM ~ the reaction will not occur in the dark at room temperature ~ the energy supplied is not enough to break the C - H bond ~ No molecular hydrogen produced - hence no hydrogen free radicals formed ~ Ethane is produced in small amounts, can only be explained by CH3 + CH3 ~ ...
... EVIDENCE FOR THE MECHANISM ~ the reaction will not occur in the dark at room temperature ~ the energy supplied is not enough to break the C - H bond ~ No molecular hydrogen produced - hence no hydrogen free radicals formed ~ Ethane is produced in small amounts, can only be explained by CH3 + CH3 ~ ...
Exam - Chemistry With BT
... Give the major products for the reactions below. If the major product is a mixture of stereoisomers, show all the stereoisomers (in a way they can be distinguished from one another). ...
... Give the major products for the reactions below. If the major product is a mixture of stereoisomers, show all the stereoisomers (in a way they can be distinguished from one another). ...
10.4b Organic Practice Test Version 2
... pressure, to convert straight-chain molecules to branched, cyclic, or aromatic molecules. ...
... pressure, to convert straight-chain molecules to branched, cyclic, or aromatic molecules. ...
Name - Clark College
... When electron density is shared through resonance, there is a greater extent of electron "sharing" than hyperconjugation. Since the electrons are shared by moving through like orbitals, the allylic radical is more stable. ...
... When electron density is shared through resonance, there is a greater extent of electron "sharing" than hyperconjugation. Since the electrons are shared by moving through like orbitals, the allylic radical is more stable. ...
Document
... Synthesis Cyclopropanes can be readily prepared by the addition of a carbene to the double bond of an alkene. A carbene has the general structure, R2C:, in which the central carbon is surrounded by six electrons (sextet), and is thus electron deficient. The electron-deficient carbene readily adds to ...
... Synthesis Cyclopropanes can be readily prepared by the addition of a carbene to the double bond of an alkene. A carbene has the general structure, R2C:, in which the central carbon is surrounded by six electrons (sextet), and is thus electron deficient. The electron-deficient carbene readily adds to ...
Chapter One: Molecular Structure
... Predict the products of reactions involving ethers and epoxides with common reagents. Predict the likelihood of carbon skeleton rearrangement under a given set of conditions. Predict the stereochemistry and optical activity of a product from an understanding of its mechanism of formation. Re ...
... Predict the products of reactions involving ethers and epoxides with common reagents. Predict the likelihood of carbon skeleton rearrangement under a given set of conditions. Predict the stereochemistry and optical activity of a product from an understanding of its mechanism of formation. Re ...
Preparation of alkyl halides There are lots of ways to make alkyl
... You use some kind of base in each of these cases (either triethylamine or pyridine) so that you can neutralize the acid that is formed during the reaction. The key feature of these reactions is that you are converting OH into a much better leaving group as well. 2. Preparation o ...
... You use some kind of base in each of these cases (either triethylamine or pyridine) so that you can neutralize the acid that is formed during the reaction. The key feature of these reactions is that you are converting OH into a much better leaving group as well. 2. Preparation o ...
Regiochemistry of Eliminations
... Answer: The rate is determined by carbocation stability. The first alcohol shown makes a primary carbocation, so it’s the slowest. The second makes a tertiary carbocation, so it’s the fastest. The third makes a secondary carbocation, so it’s intermediate. 3) If you took the product mixture from this ...
... Answer: The rate is determined by carbocation stability. The first alcohol shown makes a primary carbocation, so it’s the slowest. The second makes a tertiary carbocation, so it’s the fastest. The third makes a secondary carbocation, so it’s intermediate. 3) If you took the product mixture from this ...
1. Rank the following compounds in order of decreasing acidity (1
... 1. Rank the following compounds in order of decreasing acidity (1 = most acidic à 5 = least acidic): O ...
... 1. Rank the following compounds in order of decreasing acidity (1 = most acidic à 5 = least acidic): O ...
types of organic reactions
... One product will be there in greater amounts than the other and is called the major product (the other is called the minor product). To decide which is the major product, Markovnikov’s rule is used: The hydrogen atom of the addition reagent goes to the carbon atom of the double bond, that is attache ...
... One product will be there in greater amounts than the other and is called the major product (the other is called the minor product). To decide which is the major product, Markovnikov’s rule is used: The hydrogen atom of the addition reagent goes to the carbon atom of the double bond, that is attache ...
Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction
... There are a few reactions in which both the groups are lost from the same carbon atom. These are called -elimination reactions and the most common example of this type is the generation of dichlorocarbene from chloroform. In analogy with substitution reaction,b-elimination reactions are divided into ...
... There are a few reactions in which both the groups are lost from the same carbon atom. These are called -elimination reactions and the most common example of this type is the generation of dichlorocarbene from chloroform. In analogy with substitution reaction,b-elimination reactions are divided into ...
Chapter 8_part 1
... produces two products: 2-chloro-3-methylbutane and 2chloro-2-methylbutane Give the structure and name of the product that would be obatained from ionic addition of IBr to propene ...
... produces two products: 2-chloro-3-methylbutane and 2chloro-2-methylbutane Give the structure and name of the product that would be obatained from ionic addition of IBr to propene ...
Chapter 11: Reactions at an sp3 Hybridized Carbon III
... • In this case, however, the stability of tertiary carbocation which results from H– shifting and substituting for CH3OH makes this reaction work with HCl • If tertiary carbocations can be formed then HCl is strong enough to cleave ethers ...
... • In this case, however, the stability of tertiary carbocation which results from H– shifting and substituting for CH3OH makes this reaction work with HCl • If tertiary carbocations can be formed then HCl is strong enough to cleave ethers ...
CHAPTER-6 DEHYDROHALOGENATION OF ALKYL HALIDES
... • Elimination Reactions of Alkyl Halides – Dehydrohalogenation • Used for the synthesis of alkenes – Elimination competes with substitution reaction – Strong bases such as alkoxides favor elimination ...
... • Elimination Reactions of Alkyl Halides – Dehydrohalogenation • Used for the synthesis of alkenes – Elimination competes with substitution reaction – Strong bases such as alkoxides favor elimination ...
CH 3502 4500
... 16. Discuss the mechanism of cleavage of ethers by HI. 17. Explain Williamson’s synthesis of ethers. 18. Discuss Norrish type-I reaction. 19. Discuss the mechanism of Wittig reaction and its uses in organic synthesis. 20. Explain Wolf-Kishner reduction with its mechanism. 21. Give any two methods o ...
... 16. Discuss the mechanism of cleavage of ethers by HI. 17. Explain Williamson’s synthesis of ethers. 18. Discuss Norrish type-I reaction. 19. Discuss the mechanism of Wittig reaction and its uses in organic synthesis. 20. Explain Wolf-Kishner reduction with its mechanism. 21. Give any two methods o ...
CHMY_271_practice_exam_3
... PART C. (6 pt) Draw a reasonable reaction coordinate energy diagram for the above reaction. Label the reactants and the products. Is the reaction endothermic or exothermic. Draw a picture of any transition states involved. ...
... PART C. (6 pt) Draw a reasonable reaction coordinate energy diagram for the above reaction. Label the reactants and the products. Is the reaction endothermic or exothermic. Draw a picture of any transition states involved. ...
Oxacyclopropane (Epoxide) Synthesis: Epoxidation by
... Catalytic amounts of osmium tetroxide in the presence of an oxidizing agent (H2O2) to regenerate the spent osmium tetroxide are often used, due to the expense and toxicity of OsO4. ...
... Catalytic amounts of osmium tetroxide in the presence of an oxidizing agent (H2O2) to regenerate the spent osmium tetroxide are often used, due to the expense and toxicity of OsO4. ...
Topic 3 The chemistry of life
... Topic 2 Molecular Biology Review **Review all the “understanding” statements at the beginning of each section. Key facts ...
... Topic 2 Molecular Biology Review **Review all the “understanding” statements at the beginning of each section. Key facts ...
Alkene Addition Reactions
... There are two possible products when HX is added across a double bond. If there is a preference of one product over the other the reaction is said to be regioselective. The regiochemistry of ...
... There are two possible products when HX is added across a double bond. If there is a preference of one product over the other the reaction is said to be regioselective. The regiochemistry of ...
A NEW APROACH TO N-SUBSTITUTED OXAZOLIDINE VIA NITRILIUM ION TRAPPING
... to amides with retention of configuration. This method involved the in situ formation of chlorosulfites followed by a reaction with nitrile complexes of Ti(IV) fluoride. We hypothesize that these amidation reactions involve the intermediacy of nitrilium ions which are subsequently hydrolyzed to form ...
... to amides with retention of configuration. This method involved the in situ formation of chlorosulfites followed by a reaction with nitrile complexes of Ti(IV) fluoride. We hypothesize that these amidation reactions involve the intermediacy of nitrilium ions which are subsequently hydrolyzed to form ...
Slides for Chapter 1-4 - Department of Chemistry and Physics
... Nucleophiles will replace the halide in C-X bonds of many alkyl halides(reaction as Lewis base) Nucleophiles that are Brønsted bases produce elimination ...
... Nucleophiles will replace the halide in C-X bonds of many alkyl halides(reaction as Lewis base) Nucleophiles that are Brønsted bases produce elimination ...
CHE 322
... a. 2-heptanone from simple alcohols of 4 C or fewer. No strong base like LDA is available. (10 pt) ...
... a. 2-heptanone from simple alcohols of 4 C or fewer. No strong base like LDA is available. (10 pt) ...
Tiffeneau–Demjanov rearrangement
The Tiffeneau–Demjanov rearrangement (TDR) is the chemical reaction of a 1-aminomethyl-cycloalkanol with nitrous acid to form an enlarged cycloketone.The Tiffeneau–Demjanov ring expansion, Tiffeneau–Demjanov rearrangement, or TDR, provides an easy way to increase amino-substituted cycloalkanes and cycloalkanols in size by one carbon. Ring sizes from cyclopropane through cyclooctane are able to undergo Tiffeneau–Demjanov ring expansion with some degree of success. Yields decrease as initial ring size increases, and the ideal use of TDR is for synthesis of five, six, and seven membered rings. A principal synthetic application of Tiffeneau–Demjanov ring expansion is to bicyclic or polycyclic systems. Several reviews on this reaction have been published.