Reaction of Organometallic Reagents with Aldehydes and Ketones.
... a tetrahedral intermediate. • The difference between the two reactions is what then happens to the intermediate. • Aldehydes and ketones cannot undergo substitution because they do not have a good leaving group bonded to the newly formed sp3 hybridized carbon. ...
... a tetrahedral intermediate. • The difference between the two reactions is what then happens to the intermediate. • Aldehydes and ketones cannot undergo substitution because they do not have a good leaving group bonded to the newly formed sp3 hybridized carbon. ...
Chapter 18 Ketones and Aldehydes
... This molecule has two double bonds that might be formed by Wittig reactions. The central double bond could be formed in either of two ways. Both of these syntheses will probably work, and both will produce a mixture of cis and trans isomers. ...
... This molecule has two double bonds that might be formed by Wittig reactions. The central double bond could be formed in either of two ways. Both of these syntheses will probably work, and both will produce a mixture of cis and trans isomers. ...
Functional Groups
... • The activity of a functional group often depends on its position in the carbon chain. • The difference between: – 1o (primary): A primary carbon atom is attached to 1 functional group and at least 2 hydrogen atoms. – 2o (secondary): A secondary carbon atom is attached to 1 functional group, 1 hydr ...
... • The activity of a functional group often depends on its position in the carbon chain. • The difference between: – 1o (primary): A primary carbon atom is attached to 1 functional group and at least 2 hydrogen atoms. – 2o (secondary): A secondary carbon atom is attached to 1 functional group, 1 hydr ...
Alcohols
... Acid Chlorides and Esters • Use two moles of Grignard reagent. • The product is a tertiary alcohol with two identical alkyl groups. • Reaction with one mole of Grignard reagent produces a ketone intermediate, which reacts with the second mole of Grignard reagent. Chapter 10 ...
... Acid Chlorides and Esters • Use two moles of Grignard reagent. • The product is a tertiary alcohol with two identical alkyl groups. • Reaction with one mole of Grignard reagent produces a ketone intermediate, which reacts with the second mole of Grignard reagent. Chapter 10 ...
reactions of alcohols
... Acid Chlorides and Esters • Use two moles of Grignard reagent. • The product is a tertiary alcohol with two identical alkyl groups. • Reaction with one mole of Grignard reagent produces a ketone intermediate, which reacts with the second mole of Grignard reagent. Chapter 10 ...
... Acid Chlorides and Esters • Use two moles of Grignard reagent. • The product is a tertiary alcohol with two identical alkyl groups. • Reaction with one mole of Grignard reagent produces a ketone intermediate, which reacts with the second mole of Grignard reagent. Chapter 10 ...
TOPIC 2. ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (Chapter 2)
... Electrostatic attraction between lone pairs (e.g., on N, O, S, F, Cl, …) and a hydrogen atom bonded to an electronegative atom (e.g., on N, O, S, F, Cl,…) - Hydrogen is δ+ because of dipole - Heteroatom has lone pair(s) of electrons H ...
... Electrostatic attraction between lone pairs (e.g., on N, O, S, F, Cl, …) and a hydrogen atom bonded to an electronegative atom (e.g., on N, O, S, F, Cl,…) - Hydrogen is δ+ because of dipole - Heteroatom has lone pair(s) of electrons H ...
Calixarene-Based Oxovanadium Complexes as Molecular Models
... thioether units can take part in metal ion coordination, which leads to a stronger interaction with transition metals relative to calixarenes.[18] As such interactions can be anticipated to lead to significant chemical differences, it seemed interesting to also prepare oxovanadium thiacalix[4]arene ...
... thioether units can take part in metal ion coordination, which leads to a stronger interaction with transition metals relative to calixarenes.[18] As such interactions can be anticipated to lead to significant chemical differences, it seemed interesting to also prepare oxovanadium thiacalix[4]arene ...
Hydrogenation, Transfer Hydrogenat- ion and Hydrogen Transfer Reactions
... The word “chirality” is derived from the Greek, χειρ (kheir) which means “hand”. Our hands cannot be superimposed onto each other but are mirror images of each other. Chirality can be traced back to the beginning of the 1900s, when the phrase was first introduced by Lord Kelvin,3 whose original stat ...
... The word “chirality” is derived from the Greek, χειρ (kheir) which means “hand”. Our hands cannot be superimposed onto each other but are mirror images of each other. Chirality can be traced back to the beginning of the 1900s, when the phrase was first introduced by Lord Kelvin,3 whose original stat ...
Elise Miner Education:
... Explored literature-cited and original synthetic pathway possibilities for metal organic frameworks and transition metal catalysts Analyzed and confirmed synthesis of purified intermediates, and products used in fuel cell research Millennium Pharmaceuticals Cambridge, MA Organic synthesis/drug d ...
... Explored literature-cited and original synthetic pathway possibilities for metal organic frameworks and transition metal catalysts Analyzed and confirmed synthesis of purified intermediates, and products used in fuel cell research Millennium Pharmaceuticals Cambridge, MA Organic synthesis/drug d ...
3672 been studied in detail by Kebarle, et al., who
... reactivity in methyl and allyl systems. l a The same reaction carried out in refluxing methanol (12 hr) afforded allyl alcohol (75 %) and sulfide 5 (80%). (6) C. Brown and D. R. Hogg, J . Chem. Soc. D,38 (1967). These workers conclude that alkaline hydrolysis of sulfenate esters occurs by direct sub ...
... reactivity in methyl and allyl systems. l a The same reaction carried out in refluxing methanol (12 hr) afforded allyl alcohol (75 %) and sulfide 5 (80%). (6) C. Brown and D. R. Hogg, J . Chem. Soc. D,38 (1967). These workers conclude that alkaline hydrolysis of sulfenate esters occurs by direct sub ...
Aldehydes and Ketones
... Naming Aldehydes IUPAC Replace the -e in the alkane name with –al Common Add aldehyde to the prefixes form (1C), acet (2C), propion(3), and butry(4C) O ...
... Naming Aldehydes IUPAC Replace the -e in the alkane name with –al Common Add aldehyde to the prefixes form (1C), acet (2C), propion(3), and butry(4C) O ...
877-Alcohols Carboxylic acids and Esters Presentation
... Q Why not write C2H6O? The formula gives us clues about the structure of the molecule The oxygen and hydrogen in the alcohol functional group are bonded and so are written together ...
... Q Why not write C2H6O? The formula gives us clues about the structure of the molecule The oxygen and hydrogen in the alcohol functional group are bonded and so are written together ...
PowerPoint - Name Hydrocarbons
... • 1. Find and name the longest continuous carbon chain. • 2. Identify and name groups attached to this chain. Using the prefixes for each halogen. • 3. Number the chain consecutively, starting at the end nearest a substituent group. • 4. Assemble the name, listing groups in alphabetical order. • 6. ...
... • 1. Find and name the longest continuous carbon chain. • 2. Identify and name groups attached to this chain. Using the prefixes for each halogen. • 3. Number the chain consecutively, starting at the end nearest a substituent group. • 4. Assemble the name, listing groups in alphabetical order. • 6. ...
Ch13 Lecture
... • Each of these representations has the same arrangement of atoms, but different locations of electrons. • These are resonance structures, and the true structure is with all three electron pairs in the double bonds delocalized. It is usually represented as follow: ...
... • Each of these representations has the same arrangement of atoms, but different locations of electrons. • These are resonance structures, and the true structure is with all three electron pairs in the double bonds delocalized. It is usually represented as follow: ...
Elucidating Oxidation States of Metal Complexes with Redox Active
... Redox active ligands are especially useful in tandem with first row transition metals. Whereas second and third-row transition metals readily undergo two-electron processes such as oxidative addition and reductive elimination, the first-row transition metals favor one-electron pathways. In catalytic ...
... Redox active ligands are especially useful in tandem with first row transition metals. Whereas second and third-row transition metals readily undergo two-electron processes such as oxidative addition and reductive elimination, the first-row transition metals favor one-electron pathways. In catalytic ...
1. Write the balanced equation for the combustion of butane (C4H10
... 6. Solid copper is placed into a solution of silver nitrate. How many moles of Cu are needed to react with 3.50 moles of AgNO3? If 89.5 grams of Ag were produced, how many grams of Cu reacted? 7. Molten iron and carbon monoxide are produced in a blast furnace by the reaction of iron(III) oxide and c ...
... 6. Solid copper is placed into a solution of silver nitrate. How many moles of Cu are needed to react with 3.50 moles of AgNO3? If 89.5 grams of Ag were produced, how many grams of Cu reacted? 7. Molten iron and carbon monoxide are produced in a blast furnace by the reaction of iron(III) oxide and c ...
Formulation - Good Hope School
... (c) Sodium carbonate solution is alkaline and has a pH of approximately 10. A student suggested using excess sodium carbonate to remove acidity in acidic lakes. Comment on this suggestion. [1 mark] Inappropriate as the excess sodium carbonate will dissolve [0.5] and makes the lake water too alkaline ...
... (c) Sodium carbonate solution is alkaline and has a pH of approximately 10. A student suggested using excess sodium carbonate to remove acidity in acidic lakes. Comment on this suggestion. [1 mark] Inappropriate as the excess sodium carbonate will dissolve [0.5] and makes the lake water too alkaline ...
No Slide Title
... following alcohol was heated with ethanoic acid with drops of con.H2SO4 and heated(warm/boil or reflux boiling) a) b) c) d) e) f) g) ...
... following alcohol was heated with ethanoic acid with drops of con.H2SO4 and heated(warm/boil or reflux boiling) a) b) c) d) e) f) g) ...
Elimination Reactions
... substrates, SN2 is faster. For 2° substrates, the mechanism of substitution depends upon the solvent. 2. Strong bases, like OH- and OR-, are also good nucleophiles. Substitution and elimination compete. In 3° and 2° alkyl halides, E2 is faster. In 1° and Me° alkyl halides, SN2 occurs. 3. Weakly basi ...
... substrates, SN2 is faster. For 2° substrates, the mechanism of substitution depends upon the solvent. 2. Strong bases, like OH- and OR-, are also good nucleophiles. Substitution and elimination compete. In 3° and 2° alkyl halides, E2 is faster. In 1° and Me° alkyl halides, SN2 occurs. 3. Weakly basi ...
Hydroformylation
Hydroformylation, also known as oxo synthesis or oxo process, is an important homogeneously catalyzed industrial process for the production of aldehydes from alkenes. This chemical reaction entails the addition of a formyl group (CHO) and a hydrogen atom to a carbon-carbon double bond. This process has undergone continuous growth since its invention in 1938: Production capacity reached 6.6×106 tons in 1995. It is important because the resulting aldehydes are easily converted into many secondary products. For example, the resulting aldehydes are hydrogenated to alcohols that are converted to plasticizers or detergents. Hydroformylation is also used in specialty chemicals, relevant to the organic synthesis of fragrances and natural products. The development of hydroformylation, which originated within the German coal-based industry, is considered one of the premier achievements of 20th-century industrial chemistry.The process typically entails treatment of an alkene with high pressures (between 10 to 100 atmospheres) of carbon monoxide and hydrogen at temperatures between 40 and 200 °C. Transition metal catalysts are required.