CBS Reduction
... reduction of ketones , using chip-microreactors. • They used BH3 , (85% 2-MeTHF, 15% THF) and oxazaborolidine for reduction. • Under such reaction conditions, the reaction was complete in 10 minutes and alcohol was produced with 95% yield and a 91 : 9 enantiomeric ratio (highly enantioselectivety). ...
... reduction of ketones , using chip-microreactors. • They used BH3 , (85% 2-MeTHF, 15% THF) and oxazaborolidine for reduction. • Under such reaction conditions, the reaction was complete in 10 minutes and alcohol was produced with 95% yield and a 91 : 9 enantiomeric ratio (highly enantioselectivety). ...
Chapter 21 The Chemistry of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
... relieves substantial ring strain, this amide should also hydrolyze more rapidly. Once the -lactam hydrolyzes, the resulting enamine also should hydrolyze readily in acid, and the N—C—S linkage is also unstable toward hydrolysis in the same sense that an acetal is unstable. With so many faster compe ...
... relieves substantial ring strain, this amide should also hydrolyze more rapidly. Once the -lactam hydrolyzes, the resulting enamine also should hydrolyze readily in acid, and the N—C—S linkage is also unstable toward hydrolysis in the same sense that an acetal is unstable. With so many faster compe ...
unit 4 revision checklist - A
... added to acids, including after excess alkali has been added n) Select a suitable indicator for a given titration given pKin values, and explain the choice of indicator o) Recall that polybasic acids form more than one salt on neutralization and write equations to show the formation of each salt ...
... added to acids, including after excess alkali has been added n) Select a suitable indicator for a given titration given pKin values, and explain the choice of indicator o) Recall that polybasic acids form more than one salt on neutralization and write equations to show the formation of each salt ...
New catalytic transformations of carboxylic acids
... Abstract: A series of metal-catalyzed processes are presented, in which carboxylic acids act as sources of either carbon nucleophiles or electrophiles, depending on the catalyst employed, the mode of activation, and the reaction conditions. A first reaction mode is the addition of carboxylic acids o ...
... Abstract: A series of metal-catalyzed processes are presented, in which carboxylic acids act as sources of either carbon nucleophiles or electrophiles, depending on the catalyst employed, the mode of activation, and the reaction conditions. A first reaction mode is the addition of carboxylic acids o ...
Chapter 1 Structure and Bonding
... The carboxy carbon is attacked by nucleophiles (like other carbonyls) 1) In aldehydes and ketones, addition is followed by aqueous workup to give alcohol 2) In Carboxylic Acids and derivatives, there is a potential leaving group: elimination ...
... The carboxy carbon is attacked by nucleophiles (like other carbonyls) 1) In aldehydes and ketones, addition is followed by aqueous workup to give alcohol 2) In Carboxylic Acids and derivatives, there is a potential leaving group: elimination ...
New AQA C3 revison guide
... distilling(boiled then condensed) it, which is what we often do if we need pure water in a chemistry lab. It would be far too expensive, as it would require lots of energy, to distil water for domestic use and it would have no taste. ...
... distilling(boiled then condensed) it, which is what we often do if we need pure water in a chemistry lab. It would be far too expensive, as it would require lots of energy, to distil water for domestic use and it would have no taste. ...
Design and Use of Nanostructured Single
... the support. In classical heterogeneous catalysts the catalytically active sites can be surrounded by atoms (or species) of the same nature (e.g., the Ni atoms in a conventional Ni/Al2O3 hydrogenation catalyst), whereas the atomic (or molecular) isolation of the active moieties is the distinctive fe ...
... the support. In classical heterogeneous catalysts the catalytically active sites can be surrounded by atoms (or species) of the same nature (e.g., the Ni atoms in a conventional Ni/Al2O3 hydrogenation catalyst), whereas the atomic (or molecular) isolation of the active moieties is the distinctive fe ...
Lecture 7b - University of California, Los Angeles
... fossil fuel power plants). In both cases, it is quickly oxidized to form nitrogen dioxide, which is removed using a catalytic converter. Nitric oxide is also produced naturally during the electrical discharge of lightning. However, the direct reaction of nitrogen with oxygen requires temperatures in ...
... fossil fuel power plants). In both cases, it is quickly oxidized to form nitrogen dioxide, which is removed using a catalytic converter. Nitric oxide is also produced naturally during the electrical discharge of lightning. However, the direct reaction of nitrogen with oxygen requires temperatures in ...
Answers to Topic 15 Exercises - A
... Due to formation of VO2+ Yellow solution turns blue then green then violet as the vanadium is reduced from oxidation state +5 to +4 to +3 to +2 ...
... Due to formation of VO2+ Yellow solution turns blue then green then violet as the vanadium is reduced from oxidation state +5 to +4 to +3 to +2 ...
Chapter 24
... occurs when the spatial orientation of a complex can be changed. These are referred to as cis-trans isomers. Example is the square planar geometry of PtCl2(NH3)2. ...
... occurs when the spatial orientation of a complex can be changed. These are referred to as cis-trans isomers. Example is the square planar geometry of PtCl2(NH3)2. ...
Chapter 16 Alkanes and alkenes
... alkenes burn in air to form CO2 and H2O incomplete combustion results in the formation of carbon monoxide, CO and soot, C alkenes tend to produce more soot than alkanes when they burn in air example: combustion of ethene ...
... alkenes burn in air to form CO2 and H2O incomplete combustion results in the formation of carbon monoxide, CO and soot, C alkenes tend to produce more soot than alkanes when they burn in air example: combustion of ethene ...
1.4 Alcohols, Ethers and Thiols Answers
... 3. Answers may vary. Sample answer: Ethanol is a primary alcohol with a short carbon chain. Heptan-2-ol is a secondary alcohol with a relatively longer carbon chain. Since simple alcohols with short carbon chains are more soluble in water than those with longer carbon chains, a solubility test can ...
... 3. Answers may vary. Sample answer: Ethanol is a primary alcohol with a short carbon chain. Heptan-2-ol is a secondary alcohol with a relatively longer carbon chain. Since simple alcohols with short carbon chains are more soluble in water than those with longer carbon chains, a solubility test can ...
CHAPTER 4 CARBON AND THE MOLECULAR
... distinction between organic compounds that seemed to arise only in living organisms and inorganic compounds from the nonliving world. This led early organic chemists to propose vitalism, the belief in a life outside the limits of physical and chemical laws. Support for vitalism began to wane as ...
... distinction between organic compounds that seemed to arise only in living organisms and inorganic compounds from the nonliving world. This led early organic chemists to propose vitalism, the belief in a life outside the limits of physical and chemical laws. Support for vitalism began to wane as ...
Lecture`23 - MSU Chemistry - Michigan State University
... 5. be)able)to)identify)the)Lewis)acid)and)Lewis)base)in)reactions)leading)to)formation)of) coordination)compounds.) 6. be)prepared)to)distinguish)between)the)different)types)of)isomers)in)coordination) compounds/complexes.) 7. know)how)to)predict)the)number)of)geometrical)isomers)given)the)formula)f ...
... 5. be)able)to)identify)the)Lewis)acid)and)Lewis)base)in)reactions)leading)to)formation)of) coordination)compounds.) 6. be)prepared)to)distinguish)between)the)different)types)of)isomers)in)coordination) compounds/complexes.) 7. know)how)to)predict)the)number)of)geometrical)isomers)given)the)formula)f ...
February 13, 2008
... A. At equilibrium, the total concentration of products equals the total concentration of reactants B. Equilibrium is the result of the cessation of all chemical change. C. There is only one set of equilibrium concentrations that equals the Kc value. D. The rate constant of the forward reaction is eq ...
... A. At equilibrium, the total concentration of products equals the total concentration of reactants B. Equilibrium is the result of the cessation of all chemical change. C. There is only one set of equilibrium concentrations that equals the Kc value. D. The rate constant of the forward reaction is eq ...
O-isopropylideneadenosine (1)
... To a solution of exo-1 (400 mg, 1.8 mmol) in anhydrous THF (18 mL), under argon atmosphere, were added UHP (3.4 g, 36 mmol) and Amberlyst-15 (400 mg, 100% weight with respect to 1). The heterogeneous mixture was stirred for 24 h at room temperature. Then, it was throughly filtered over celite with p ...
... To a solution of exo-1 (400 mg, 1.8 mmol) in anhydrous THF (18 mL), under argon atmosphere, were added UHP (3.4 g, 36 mmol) and Amberlyst-15 (400 mg, 100% weight with respect to 1). The heterogeneous mixture was stirred for 24 h at room temperature. Then, it was throughly filtered over celite with p ...
3.2.1.6 Choice of Metal 3.2.1.7 Choice of Ligand
... stability through inhibiting the approach of competitor ligands. If the substituent contains donor atoms in suitable locations for binding to the metal additional stability may be conferred on the complex through chelate formation. The relative effects of different donor atom types on lanthanide ion ...
... stability through inhibiting the approach of competitor ligands. If the substituent contains donor atoms in suitable locations for binding to the metal additional stability may be conferred on the complex through chelate formation. The relative effects of different donor atom types on lanthanide ion ...
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2OH CH3 - CH2-CH2
... Classification of alcohols depends on the number of carbons attached to the carbon bonded to the hydroxyl: Primary – only 1 carbon, Secondary ( 2 carbons) and Tertiary ( 3 carbons) Carbolic Acids • Compounds that have the carboxyl, -COOH functional group • The ending -oic acid denotes that we are de ...
... Classification of alcohols depends on the number of carbons attached to the carbon bonded to the hydroxyl: Primary – only 1 carbon, Secondary ( 2 carbons) and Tertiary ( 3 carbons) Carbolic Acids • Compounds that have the carboxyl, -COOH functional group • The ending -oic acid denotes that we are de ...
N Goalby chemrevise.org 1 2.5 Transition Metals Substitution
... Step 4 : find mass of FeC2O4.2H2O in 7.39x10-3 mol mass= moles x Mr = 7.39x10-3 x 179.8 = 1.33g Step 5 ; find % mass %mass = 1.33/1.412 x100 ...
... Step 4 : find mass of FeC2O4.2H2O in 7.39x10-3 mol mass= moles x Mr = 7.39x10-3 x 179.8 = 1.33g Step 5 ; find % mass %mass = 1.33/1.412 x100 ...
Hydroformylation
Hydroformylation, also known as oxo synthesis or oxo process, is an important homogeneously catalyzed industrial process for the production of aldehydes from alkenes. This chemical reaction entails the addition of a formyl group (CHO) and a hydrogen atom to a carbon-carbon double bond. This process has undergone continuous growth since its invention in 1938: Production capacity reached 6.6×106 tons in 1995. It is important because the resulting aldehydes are easily converted into many secondary products. For example, the resulting aldehydes are hydrogenated to alcohols that are converted to plasticizers or detergents. Hydroformylation is also used in specialty chemicals, relevant to the organic synthesis of fragrances and natural products. The development of hydroformylation, which originated within the German coal-based industry, is considered one of the premier achievements of 20th-century industrial chemistry.The process typically entails treatment of an alkene with high pressures (between 10 to 100 atmospheres) of carbon monoxide and hydrogen at temperatures between 40 and 200 °C. Transition metal catalysts are required.