Vasopressin Receptors of the Vasopressor (V,)
... Vallejo et al., 1984; Pittman and Franklin, 1985; Vallejo and Lightman, 1987). These data suggest that the nucleus of the solitary tract probably contains a subpopulation of cardiovascular-related neurons whose bioelectrical activity may be affected by exogenous vasopressin. In the present study, us ...
... Vallejo et al., 1984; Pittman and Franklin, 1985; Vallejo and Lightman, 1987). These data suggest that the nucleus of the solitary tract probably contains a subpopulation of cardiovascular-related neurons whose bioelectrical activity may be affected by exogenous vasopressin. In the present study, us ...
Solving the Distal Reward Problem through
... of DA due to the activity of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain structures VTA and substantia nigra pars compacta. A better description of DA kinetics, based on Michaelis--Menten formalism, was recently suggested by Montague et al. (2004). In the simulations below, we take sd = 0.2 s, which is gre ...
... of DA due to the activity of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain structures VTA and substantia nigra pars compacta. A better description of DA kinetics, based on Michaelis--Menten formalism, was recently suggested by Montague et al. (2004). In the simulations below, we take sd = 0.2 s, which is gre ...
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... primate model of ischemic cortical damage. Methods—Using a between-groups repeated-measures design, squirrel monkeys were randomized to 1 of 2 groups: an experimental group received intravenous GSK249320 beginning 24 hours after an ischemic infarct in motor cortex with repeated dosages given at 1-we ...
... primate model of ischemic cortical damage. Methods—Using a between-groups repeated-measures design, squirrel monkeys were randomized to 1 of 2 groups: an experimental group received intravenous GSK249320 beginning 24 hours after an ischemic infarct in motor cortex with repeated dosages given at 1-we ...
Anatomical organization of the eye fields in the human and non
... 1890). Finally, the human homolog of the monkey CEF is not known. Because of the lack of studies examining the human CEF, it cannot be excluded that the region of increased activity on the medial surface of the frontal lobe that Grosbras et al. (1999) reported in relation to oculomotor performance m ...
... 1890). Finally, the human homolog of the monkey CEF is not known. Because of the lack of studies examining the human CEF, it cannot be excluded that the region of increased activity on the medial surface of the frontal lobe that Grosbras et al. (1999) reported in relation to oculomotor performance m ...
Reaching beyond the classical receptive field of V1 neurons
... The typical neural signature of long-range spatial computations at the single cell level is represented by center–surround interactions. These have been described for the first time in the retina 50 years ago [52], and are thought to endow retinal ganglion cells with the ability of signaling relative ...
... The typical neural signature of long-range spatial computations at the single cell level is represented by center–surround interactions. These have been described for the first time in the retina 50 years ago [52], and are thought to endow retinal ganglion cells with the ability of signaling relative ...
Visual Processing in the Primate Brain
... evolved biological system, the goal of vision is not to produce a veridical description of the external world but a description that facilitates adaptive behavior. Those aspects of the input that contain information critical for behavior will be emphasized and those aspects that carry little informa ...
... evolved biological system, the goal of vision is not to produce a veridical description of the external world but a description that facilitates adaptive behavior. Those aspects of the input that contain information critical for behavior will be emphasized and those aspects that carry little informa ...
neurophysics.ucsd.edu
... used for touch [5,6]. In humans and some other mammalian species, specialized orofacial movements produce vocalizations or speech. These actions, which are central to mammalian life, must be coordinated with a high degree of precision to prevent blockages of the airway and other maladaptive interact ...
... used for touch [5,6]. In humans and some other mammalian species, specialized orofacial movements produce vocalizations or speech. These actions, which are central to mammalian life, must be coordinated with a high degree of precision to prevent blockages of the airway and other maladaptive interact ...
From movement to thought: Anatomic substrates of the cerebellar
... subserving multiple domains of cognitive processing. ...
... subserving multiple domains of cognitive processing. ...
Methods of Studying The Nervous System
... • The images are created from measurements of the waves emitted by hydrogen atoms when they are placed in a magnetic field • Its clarity stems from the fact that neural structures differ considerably in their density of hydrogen atoms Pinel's Biopsychology, 5th Ed. ...
... • The images are created from measurements of the waves emitted by hydrogen atoms when they are placed in a magnetic field • Its clarity stems from the fact that neural structures differ considerably in their density of hydrogen atoms Pinel's Biopsychology, 5th Ed. ...
Specificity and Plasticity of Thalamocortical Connections in Sema6A
... telencephalon largely determines their final targeting within the cortex [16–20]. For example, in mutants in the transcription factor Ebf1 or in the Dlx1/Dlx2 double mutants, a subset of thalamic axons is misrouted ventrally, resulting in a caudal shift of the remaining axons within the ventral telen ...
... telencephalon largely determines their final targeting within the cortex [16–20]. For example, in mutants in the transcription factor Ebf1 or in the Dlx1/Dlx2 double mutants, a subset of thalamic axons is misrouted ventrally, resulting in a caudal shift of the remaining axons within the ventral telen ...
Optogenetic drive of neocortical pyramidal neurons generates fMRI
... Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel. Fax: +972 4 829 5461. 1These authors contributed equally to this report. 2Current address: Department of Neuroscience and Brown Institute for Brain Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Opt ...
... Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel. Fax: +972 4 829 5461. 1These authors contributed equally to this report. 2Current address: Department of Neuroscience and Brown Institute for Brain Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Opt ...
Neural networks underlying parietal lobe seizures: A
... according to Talairach’s stereotactic method (Bancaud et al., 1970; Talairach et al., 1992), as illustrated in Fig. 1b. The anatomical targeting of electrodes was established in each patient according to available non-invasive information and hypotheses about the localization of the epileptogenic zo ...
... according to Talairach’s stereotactic method (Bancaud et al., 1970; Talairach et al., 1992), as illustrated in Fig. 1b. The anatomical targeting of electrodes was established in each patient according to available non-invasive information and hypotheses about the localization of the epileptogenic zo ...
Basal Ganglia: Mechanisms for Action Selection
... action: increased inhibition of the GPe by its striatal inputs would lead to enhanced STN output to SNr/GPi, thereby counteracting inhibition they were receiving in the direct pathway (Alexander and Crutcher 1990). Consequently, it was proposed that any imbalance between the relative strengths of th ...
... action: increased inhibition of the GPe by its striatal inputs would lead to enhanced STN output to SNr/GPi, thereby counteracting inhibition they were receiving in the direct pathway (Alexander and Crutcher 1990). Consequently, it was proposed that any imbalance between the relative strengths of th ...
local connectivity between neurons of the rat globus pallidus
... demonstrated the presence of local axon collaterals arising from neurons of the GP (Iwahori and Mizuno, 1981; Francois et al., 1984; Millhouse, 1986). Similarly, intracellular labelling, juxtacellular labelling, single-axon tracing studies (Park et al., 1982; Kita and Kitai, 1994; Bevan et al., 1998 ...
... demonstrated the presence of local axon collaterals arising from neurons of the GP (Iwahori and Mizuno, 1981; Francois et al., 1984; Millhouse, 1986). Similarly, intracellular labelling, juxtacellular labelling, single-axon tracing studies (Park et al., 1982; Kita and Kitai, 1994; Bevan et al., 1998 ...
invariant face and object recognition in the visual system
... representation, so that some single neurons which receive inputs from such a representation can obtain sufficient information without requiring an enormous fan in, that is number of synapses (Rolls et al., 1996a). (The number of synapses per neuron in the cerebral cortex is in the order of 5000, and ...
... representation, so that some single neurons which receive inputs from such a representation can obtain sufficient information without requiring an enormous fan in, that is number of synapses (Rolls et al., 1996a). (The number of synapses per neuron in the cerebral cortex is in the order of 5000, and ...
Full text
... sections. Staining was analysed using "Lucia" version 3.51ab (Laboratory Imaging Ltd, Prague, Czech Rep.) computer-assisted image analysis system according to procedure described in [14]. Quantitative analysis was performed for each brain at both sides of the third ventricle under × 10 objective. Th ...
... sections. Staining was analysed using "Lucia" version 3.51ab (Laboratory Imaging Ltd, Prague, Czech Rep.) computer-assisted image analysis system according to procedure described in [14]. Quantitative analysis was performed for each brain at both sides of the third ventricle under × 10 objective. Th ...
KIDS, Inc. - School Neuropsych
... The cerebellum is connected to the brainstem, and is the center for body movement and balance. ...
... The cerebellum is connected to the brainstem, and is the center for body movement and balance. ...
View/Open - eDiss - Georg-August
... understanding of motor and sensory systems, evolution, and speciation. A major appeal of studying communication is that a researcher can quantify how biologically important information can be coded in particular physical properties of a signal and then experimentally determine if the animals themsel ...
... understanding of motor and sensory systems, evolution, and speciation. A major appeal of studying communication is that a researcher can quantify how biologically important information can be coded in particular physical properties of a signal and then experimentally determine if the animals themsel ...
Comparison of linear signal processing techniques to infer directed
... These analysis techniques have been applied to empirical data recorded in various branches of research, ranging from economics to biomedical sciences. Investigations of interactions between different brain structures are of strong interest in neuroscience. The information contained in electromagneti ...
... These analysis techniques have been applied to empirical data recorded in various branches of research, ranging from economics to biomedical sciences. Investigations of interactions between different brain structures are of strong interest in neuroscience. The information contained in electromagneti ...
Neurons of the Central Complex of the Locust Schistocerca gregaria
... divisions of the central body, and the paired noduli (Homberg, 1987) (see Fig. 1 A). Its most striking feature is a highly stratified internal organization consisting of well defined layers in the central body and, perpendicularly, an arrangement into sets of sixteen columns. Columnar neurons provid ...
... divisions of the central body, and the paired noduli (Homberg, 1987) (see Fig. 1 A). Its most striking feature is a highly stratified internal organization consisting of well defined layers in the central body and, perpendicularly, an arrangement into sets of sixteen columns. Columnar neurons provid ...
Changes of Synaptic Density in the Primary Visual Cortex of the
... genesis of the visual system. In the past two decades, the primate visual cortex has come to be associated with a remarkable capacity for functional and anatomical plasticity during pre- and postnatal developmental periods (e.g., Rakic, 1976, 1977b; Hubel et al., 1977; Blakemore et al., 1978, 198 1) ...
... genesis of the visual system. In the past two decades, the primate visual cortex has come to be associated with a remarkable capacity for functional and anatomical plasticity during pre- and postnatal developmental periods (e.g., Rakic, 1976, 1977b; Hubel et al., 1977; Blakemore et al., 1978, 198 1) ...
Hindbrain noradrenergic A2 neurons: diverse roles in autonomic
... medullary, pontine, diencephalic, and telencephalic brain regions that underlie these diverse processes. Direct projections from the cortex, limbic forebrain, and hypothalamus to the region of the A2 cell group provide a route through which emotional and cognitive events can modulate visceral respon ...
... medullary, pontine, diencephalic, and telencephalic brain regions that underlie these diverse processes. Direct projections from the cortex, limbic forebrain, and hypothalamus to the region of the A2 cell group provide a route through which emotional and cognitive events can modulate visceral respon ...
Excitatory and Inhibitory Synaptic Placement and Functional
... so that accurate counting of synaptic distributions is feasible, in a way that is not possible with antibody staining. PSD95-GFP labeling in vivo shows that most stable spines have large PSD95 puncta, but a small population are devoid of a PSD95 label (Cane et al. 2014; Villa et al. 2016). While the ...
... so that accurate counting of synaptic distributions is feasible, in a way that is not possible with antibody staining. PSD95-GFP labeling in vivo shows that most stable spines have large PSD95 puncta, but a small population are devoid of a PSD95 label (Cane et al. 2014; Villa et al. 2016). While the ...
The cortical visual area V6: brain location and visual topography
... area V6 the RFs `move' coherently along the penetration, in a certain direction and with a physiological scatter (penetration `a'), in area V6A they often jump in different directions, so that cells near one another in the cortex can have RFs in completely different locations in the visual ®eld (pen ...
... area V6 the RFs `move' coherently along the penetration, in a certain direction and with a physiological scatter (penetration `a'), in area V6A they often jump in different directions, so that cells near one another in the cortex can have RFs in completely different locations in the visual ®eld (pen ...
Repetition suppression - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal
... remains one of the biggest challenges of contemporary neuroscience. While invasive recording in animal models can provide insight into neural processes that are conserved across species, our understanding of cognition more broadly relies upon investigation of the human brain itself. There is therefo ...
... remains one of the biggest challenges of contemporary neuroscience. While invasive recording in animal models can provide insight into neural processes that are conserved across species, our understanding of cognition more broadly relies upon investigation of the human brain itself. There is therefo ...
Connectome
A connectome is a comprehensive map of neural connections in the brain, and may be thought of as its ""wiring diagram"". More broadly, a connectome would include the mapping of all neural connections within an organism's nervous system.The production and study of connectomes, known as connectomics, may range in scale from a detailed map of the full set of neurons and synapses within part or all of the nervous system of an organism to a macro scale description of the functional and structural connectivity between all cortical areas and subcortical structures. The term ""connectome"" is used primarily in scientific efforts to capture, map, and understand the organization of neural interactions within the brain.Research has successfully constructed the full connectome of one animal: the roundworm C. elegans (White et al., 1986, Varshney et al., 2011). Partial connectomes of a mouse retina and mouse primary visual cortex have also been successfully constructed. Bock et al.'s complete 12TB data set is publicly available at Open Connectome Project.The ultimate goal of connectomics is to map the human brain. This effort is pursued by the Human Connectome Project, sponsored by the National Institutes of Health, whose focus is to build a network map of the human brain in healthy, living adults.