Anatomy of Neuropsychiatry : The New Anatomy of the
... their daily research or practice. This in part reflects on the somewhat esoteric nature of the subject, neuroanatomy abounding in connectional and histochemical complexities far exceeding those found in other anatomical systems, say, e.g., the liver or heart. But it also relates to the relative entr ...
... their daily research or practice. This in part reflects on the somewhat esoteric nature of the subject, neuroanatomy abounding in connectional and histochemical complexities far exceeding those found in other anatomical systems, say, e.g., the liver or heart. But it also relates to the relative entr ...
Cetacean Brain Evolution: Dwarf Sperm Whale (Kogia sima) and
... cranial nerves in most odontocetes; here, it might comprise several times more axons than in the human [cf. Oelschläger and Oelschläger, 2009]. Although the giant sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) has been investigated regarding the gross morphology of the adult brain by Ries and Langworthy [1937 ...
... cranial nerves in most odontocetes; here, it might comprise several times more axons than in the human [cf. Oelschläger and Oelschläger, 2009]. Although the giant sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) has been investigated regarding the gross morphology of the adult brain by Ries and Langworthy [1937 ...
A Fast, Reciprocal Pathway between the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus
... can drive responses. In the cat, where LGN input to layer 6 may differ in density compared with the primate, physiological studies report that all layer 6 neurons, including corticogeniculate neurons, receive subthreshold geniculocortical input that rarely drives suprathreshold spikes (Ferster and L ...
... can drive responses. In the cat, where LGN input to layer 6 may differ in density compared with the primate, physiological studies report that all layer 6 neurons, including corticogeniculate neurons, receive subthreshold geniculocortical input that rarely drives suprathreshold spikes (Ferster and L ...
Functional Neuronal Processing of Body Odors
... (Wallace 1977). In fact, humans are able to use signals conveyed in body odor to make accurate kin--nonkin judgments (Weisfeld et al. 2003) and to detect minute differences in genetic composition of unknown individuals (Jacob et al. 2002). It has even been suggested that signals communicating emotio ...
... (Wallace 1977). In fact, humans are able to use signals conveyed in body odor to make accurate kin--nonkin judgments (Weisfeld et al. 2003) and to detect minute differences in genetic composition of unknown individuals (Jacob et al. 2002). It has even been suggested that signals communicating emotio ...
Spinal cord and reflexes
... Stimulating inhibitory neurons Creating IPSPs at reflex motor neurons Suppressing postsynaptic neurons ...
... Stimulating inhibitory neurons Creating IPSPs at reflex motor neurons Suppressing postsynaptic neurons ...
Caffeine promotes glutamate and histamine release in the posterior
... administration, animals were deeply anesthetized (pentobarbital sodium, 100 mg/kg ip) and transcardially perfused with 0.1 M PBS. The brain tissue obtained from experimental and control animals was processed together (at least two animals per batch) for immunostaining. Brain sections were cut at 30 ...
... administration, animals were deeply anesthetized (pentobarbital sodium, 100 mg/kg ip) and transcardially perfused with 0.1 M PBS. The brain tissue obtained from experimental and control animals was processed together (at least two animals per batch) for immunostaining. Brain sections were cut at 30 ...
Spinal cord and reflexes
... Stimulating inhibitory neurons Creating IPSPs at reflex motor neurons Suppressing postsynaptic neurons ...
... Stimulating inhibitory neurons Creating IPSPs at reflex motor neurons Suppressing postsynaptic neurons ...
Wang et al 2photon calcium imaging of odor in fly brain cell 2003
... Cell, Vol. 112, 271–282, January 24, 2003, Copyright 2003 by Cell Press ...
... Cell, Vol. 112, 271–282, January 24, 2003, Copyright 2003 by Cell Press ...
Sample
... ANS: d, p. 46, C/A, Difficulty=2 2-33. Which activity involves activation of the parasympathetic system? a) picking up a ball b) studying for a final exam c) resting after a stressful drive home d) getting “psyched up” to play an important tennis match ANS: c, p. 46, C/A, Difficulty=2 2-34. Homeosta ...
... ANS: d, p. 46, C/A, Difficulty=2 2-33. Which activity involves activation of the parasympathetic system? a) picking up a ball b) studying for a final exam c) resting after a stressful drive home d) getting “psyched up” to play an important tennis match ANS: c, p. 46, C/A, Difficulty=2 2-34. Homeosta ...
... salivation should occur less and less, until eventually it may not occur at all (Figure 6.3). This trend probably makes sense from a biological perspective: If the tone is no longer a reliable predictor of food, then salivation becomes unnecessary. However, even after extinction occurs, a once estab ...
Carlsson J Neurosci 2007 (pdf 2,2 MB)
... 2 weeks after the 6-OHDA lesion to evaluate the extension of the lesion, and at 8 weeks after transplantation to confirm the presence of surviving functional DA neurons in the grafts. All 78 6-OHDA-lesioned rats included in the study displayed more than five full-body turns per minute in the pretran ...
... 2 weeks after the 6-OHDA lesion to evaluate the extension of the lesion, and at 8 weeks after transplantation to confirm the presence of surviving functional DA neurons in the grafts. All 78 6-OHDA-lesioned rats included in the study displayed more than five full-body turns per minute in the pretran ...
PLoS ONE-3
... of the head and whole body were protected by a lead shield. Sham-irradiation controls underwent the same procedures as the experimental animals, but did not receive irradiation. ...
... of the head and whole body were protected by a lead shield. Sham-irradiation controls underwent the same procedures as the experimental animals, but did not receive irradiation. ...
Hippocampal mechanisms for the context-dependent retrieval of episodes 2005 Special issue
... Behaviors ranging from delivering newspapers to waiting tables depend on remembering previous episodes to avoid incorrect repetition. Physiologically, this requires mechanisms for long-term storage and selective retrieval of episodes based on the time of occurrence, despite variable intervals and si ...
... Behaviors ranging from delivering newspapers to waiting tables depend on remembering previous episodes to avoid incorrect repetition. Physiologically, this requires mechanisms for long-term storage and selective retrieval of episodes based on the time of occurrence, despite variable intervals and si ...
Feedforward and feedback frequency
... We first consider the local or intralaminar microcircuit, which is the lowest level of the model and may be identified as a set of neurons within a given cortical area and layer. More precisely, we assume a population of pyramidal neurons and a population of inhibitory interneurons at this level. Wi ...
... We first consider the local or intralaminar microcircuit, which is the lowest level of the model and may be identified as a set of neurons within a given cortical area and layer. More precisely, we assume a population of pyramidal neurons and a population of inhibitory interneurons at this level. Wi ...
Neural realisation of the SP theory
... the system is exactly the same as before except that row 0 contains the encoded pattern and each symbol in that pattern is aligned with matching symbols in the rows below. The original sentence has, in effect, been recreated because the alignment contains the words of the sentence in their correct o ...
... the system is exactly the same as before except that row 0 contains the encoded pattern and each symbol in that pattern is aligned with matching symbols in the rows below. The original sentence has, in effect, been recreated because the alignment contains the words of the sentence in their correct o ...
new techniques for imaging, digitization and analysis of
... arborization patterns provide a substrate both for spatiotemporal integration of multiple inputs and the connectivity patterns that shape network dynamics. Compartmental modeling studies have demonstrated that model neurons with common ion distributions, differing only in the extent of arborization ...
... arborization patterns provide a substrate both for spatiotemporal integration of multiple inputs and the connectivity patterns that shape network dynamics. Compartmental modeling studies have demonstrated that model neurons with common ion distributions, differing only in the extent of arborization ...
Limbic systems for emotion and for memory, but no
... (‘stimuluseresponse’) behaviour, and the ACC for actioneoutcome learning (The ‘outcome’ is the reward or punisher that is or is not obtained when the action is performed.). The ACC contains representations of reward and punisher value, and thus of outcome, which are essential for learning associatio ...
... (‘stimuluseresponse’) behaviour, and the ACC for actioneoutcome learning (The ‘outcome’ is the reward or punisher that is or is not obtained when the action is performed.). The ACC contains representations of reward and punisher value, and thus of outcome, which are essential for learning associatio ...
Essays on Commitment and Optimal Public Policies Jean-Denis Garon
... similar methodology has been applied to optimal taxation problems, such as in Golosov et al. (2006), where individuals do not act competitively, but self-select into the mechanism posted by the government. We model the punishment strategy of successive generations of households in this fashion, char ...
... similar methodology has been applied to optimal taxation problems, such as in Golosov et al. (2006), where individuals do not act competitively, but self-select into the mechanism posted by the government. We model the punishment strategy of successive generations of households in this fashion, char ...
Chapter 9 Sleep and Biological Rhythms
... In lab animals, REM sleep also creates PGO waves (pons, genicultae, occipital) in addition to EEG activity, muscular paralysis, etc PGO waves are bursts of phasic electrical activity originating in the pons followed by activity in the LGN and visual cortex REM sleep controlled by mechanisms lo ...
... In lab animals, REM sleep also creates PGO waves (pons, genicultae, occipital) in addition to EEG activity, muscular paralysis, etc PGO waves are bursts of phasic electrical activity originating in the pons followed by activity in the LGN and visual cortex REM sleep controlled by mechanisms lo ...
Dopamine D2 Receptor Priming Enhances Dopaminergic Response
... quinpirole treatments have been shown to result in neurotrophic factor abnormalities comparable to observations in human schizophrenic patients. Studies from this lab have shown a significant decrease in nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein in the hippocampu ...
... quinpirole treatments have been shown to result in neurotrophic factor abnormalities comparable to observations in human schizophrenic patients. Studies from this lab have shown a significant decrease in nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein in the hippocampu ...
What can mice tell us about how vision works?
... Understanding how the brain gives rise to the experience of sight is an important and fundamental question that has garnered much attention over the years [1]. The longstanding emphasis stems from the fact that many mammals, including humans, rely on vision as their primary sense to evaluate their s ...
... Understanding how the brain gives rise to the experience of sight is an important and fundamental question that has garnered much attention over the years [1]. The longstanding emphasis stems from the fact that many mammals, including humans, rely on vision as their primary sense to evaluate their s ...
UNRAVELING THE SENSE OF SMELL
... chemicals as having a distinct odor. All of these “odorants” are small, volatile molecules. However, they have diverse structures and somehow those different structures are perceived as having different odors (Figure 1). The sense of smell is mediated by the olfactory system, a system that is charac ...
... chemicals as having a distinct odor. All of these “odorants” are small, volatile molecules. However, they have diverse structures and somehow those different structures are perceived as having different odors (Figure 1). The sense of smell is mediated by the olfactory system, a system that is charac ...
Mental rotation and object categorization share a common network
... 1997a; Turnbull and McCarthy, 1996; Warrington, 1982). These ‘unusual views deficit’ patients do well with canonical (i.e., best) or more typical views but are impaired with unusual views of objects. The goal of our fMRI study was to fill this empirical gap by evaluating directly whether regions cri ...
... 1997a; Turnbull and McCarthy, 1996; Warrington, 1982). These ‘unusual views deficit’ patients do well with canonical (i.e., best) or more typical views but are impaired with unusual views of objects. The goal of our fMRI study was to fill this empirical gap by evaluating directly whether regions cri ...