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Organization of Visual Inputs to the Inferior Temporal and Posterior
Organization of Visual Inputs to the Inferior Temporal and Posterior

... alone suggests some relationship between the dorsal/ventral and magno/parvo schemes. However, many of the anatomical and functional details of this relationship remain to be worked out. Previous anatomical studies have revealed many of the inputs to the posterior parietal and inferior temporal corte ...
State dependent activity in monkey visual cortex
State dependent activity in monkey visual cortex

... collected from one V4 neuron while the animal performed about 150 trials of the tactile-visual match. Although most trials consisted of several stimuli presented one after another, in Fig. 2 and subsequent figures the trials have been broken apart so that each stimulus presentation and the following ...
Olfactory maps, circuits and computations
Olfactory maps, circuits and computations

... the population of M/T cells that is unique for any given olfactory stimulus. The fundamental unit of computation within the olfactory bulb is therefore the glomerulus: glomeruli are genetically-specified channels that uniquely subsample olfactory space within a stereotyped bulbar map of odor identit ...
Evolutionarily conserved prefrontal-amygdalar dysfunction in early
Evolutionarily conserved prefrontal-amygdalar dysfunction in early

... polysynaptically connected brain regions.19 This structural backbone encompasses a number of cortical regions that are especially well developed in primates, including the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), insula and prefrontal cortex (PFC).21–23 Although it widely believed that the synchronized flow ...
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the Right
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the Right

... in improving ratings on the Clinical Global Impression scale. These preliminary results were taken to show that TMS is a safe and tolerable intervention with possible therapeutic efficacy for PTSD patients (19). Treatment with 1-Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the right f ...
serotonin
serotonin

... RNA editing in mammalian systems was discovered about a decade ago and is defined as any modification, other than alternative splicing, that occurs at the level of mRNA. Several mechanisms of RNA editing exist, but mammalian editing generally involves the conversion of adenosine residues to inosines ...
PDF version - Richard Andersen
PDF version - Richard Andersen

... in both LIP and 7a). Thus the duration of the S activity is usually isolated in this study. 3. The typical activity of IPL neurons during the delayed-sac- considerably longer than the duration of the saccade itself. 11. In area LIP the onset latencies of the LS activity ranged cade task has three ba ...
Author`s personal copy
Author`s personal copy

... mediation [114]. Most significantly, females who are hypophysectomized after their maternal behavior has become established continue to show maternal behavior during the postpartum period even though they are no longer capable of lactating. It is as if the hormonal events associated with pregnancy te ...
FEATURE ARTICLE Cortical Auditory Adaptation
FEATURE ARTICLE Cortical Auditory Adaptation

... The loudspeaker was located 53 cm above the bottom of the recording chamber. The box was built in black acrylic and had a surface of 22 by 27 cm and the walls had a height of 65 cm. The walls of the box were covered with corrugated cardboard (4 mm thickness) for sound-resonance suppression. Measurem ...
Move to the rhythm: oscillations in the subthalamic nucleus–external
Move to the rhythm: oscillations in the subthalamic nucleus–external

... ‘indirect pathway’ to the output nuclei, the ‘direct pathway’ (i.e. the direct projection from the striatum) is proposed to be relatively under-active. Therefore, the reduced inhibition of basal ganglia output nuclei also contributes to their relative over-activity in PD. Studies of idiopathic and e ...
Reticular activating system of a central pattern generator
Reticular activating system of a central pattern generator

... that are inhibited in the latent phase of scratch. Rubrospinal tract neurons become tonically active during the latent period (Arshavsky et al. 1978c). Some fastigial nuclei (cerebellar) neurons were inhibited during the latent period (Antziferova et al. 1980). Moreover, interpositus nucleus neurons ...
Ch 6: Learning
Ch 6: Learning

... You have experienced the same sort of learning if your mouth waters when you see a chocolate brownie. To understand how these “conditioned reflexes” worked, Pavlov’s team employed a simple experimental strategy. They first placed an untrained dog in a harness and set up a vial to capture the animal’ ...
Comparison of linear signal processing techniques to infer directed
Comparison of linear signal processing techniques to infer directed

... Over the last decades several techniques have been developed to analyze interactions in multivariate dynamic systems. These analysis techniques have been applied to empirical data recorded in various branches of research, ranging from economics to biomedical sciences. Investigations of interactions ...
On phenomenal character and Petri dishes
On phenomenal character and Petri dishes

THALAMUS
THALAMUS

Single Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Neurons Form Widely Spread
Single Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Neurons Form Widely Spread

... nigra pars reticulata (SNr), the latter two structures being output nuclei of the basal ganglia circuit. Furthermore, the neostriatum is known to have a mosaic organization and be composed of patch/striosome and matrix compartments which are distinguishable from each other by the expression of neuro ...
Downloaded - Cisler Lab
Downloaded - Cisler Lab

... Given the behavioral and neuroimaging data regarding emotion regulation deficits in PTSD, a plausible hypothesis regarding the intermediate mechanisms of symptom reduction in TF-CBT is that TF-CBT promotes functional reorganization of the neurocircuitry of amygdala-based neural networks mediating emo ...
Subthalamic Stimulation-Induced Synaptic Responses in Substantia
Subthalamic Stimulation-Induced Synaptic Responses in Substantia

... performed in accordance with the guidelines of the U.S. Public Health Service manual, “Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals,” and were approved by the Rutgers University Institutional Review Board. Animals were anesthetized with ketamine (100 mg/kg ip) and perfused with ice-cold artifici ...
Prefrontal Activation Deficits During Episodic Memory in
Prefrontal Activation Deficits During Episodic Memory in

Electroencephalography: Basic Principles, Clinical Applications, and
Electroencephalography: Basic Principles, Clinical Applications, and

... field potentials (7) during interictal activity. The interictal activity was elicited by penicillin. A,B: Potential distribution after surface application of the drug. In A, the spread of penicillin is limited by the use of penicillinase. C: Potential distribution after intracortical application of ...
Topographic Maps in Human Frontal Cortex Revealed in Memory
Topographic Maps in Human Frontal Cortex Revealed in Memory

... doi:10.1152/jn.00010.2007. We used fMRI at 3 Tesla and improved spatial resolution (2 ⫻ 2 ⫻ 2 mm3) to investigate topographic organization in human frontal cortex using memory-guided response tasks performed at 8 or 12 peripheral locations arranged clockwise around a central fixation point. The task ...
download file
download file

... and synchronization to rapid sensory input. Other reports suggest that nonprimary sensory fields are more plastic than primary sensory cortex. The consequences of environmental enrichment on information processing in nonprimary sensory cortex have yet to be studied. Here we examine physiological eff ...
Anatomy of Neuropsychiatry : The New Anatomy of the
Anatomy of Neuropsychiatry : The New Anatomy of the

... their daily research or practice. This in part reflects on the somewhat esoteric nature of the subject, neuroanatomy abounding in connectional and histochemical complexities far exceeding those found in other anatomical systems, say, e.g., the liver or heart. But it also relates to the relative entr ...
In Vitro, Ex Vivo and In Vivo Techniques to Study Neuronal Migration
In Vitro, Ex Vivo and In Vivo Techniques to Study Neuronal Migration

Psychology - We can offer most test bank and solution manual you
Psychology - We can offer most test bank and solution manual you

... 1. A Survey to Identify a Student’s Bias in Psychology Early in the semester, students are typically overwhelmed by all the opposing views and different schools of psychology. Whereas the difference between the psychoanalytic and behavioral schools seems obvious to us, to beginning students these di ...
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Neuroeconomics

Neuroeconomics is an interdisciplinary field that seeks to explain human decision making, the ability to process multiple alternatives and to follow a course of action. It studies how economic behavior can shape our understanding of the brain, and how neuroscientific discoveries can constrain and guide models of economics.It combines research methods from neuroscience, experimental and behavioral economics, and cognitive and social psychology. As research into decision-making behavior becomes increasingly computational, it has also incorporated new approaches from theoretical biology, computer science, and mathematics. Neuroeconomics studies decision making, by using a combination of tools from these fields so as to avoid the shortcomings that arise from a single-perspective approach. In mainstream economics, expected utility (EU), and the concept of rational agents, are still being used. Many economic behaviors are not fully explained by these models, such as heuristics and framing.Behavioral economics emerged to account for these anomalies by integrating social, cognitive, and emotional factors in understanding economic decisions. Neuroeconomics adds another layer by using neuroscientific methods in understanding the interplay between economic behavior and neural mechanisms. By using tools from various fields, some scholars claim that neuroeconomics offers a more integrative way of understanding decision making.
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