Noradrenergic Suppression of Synaptic Transmission May Influence Cortical Signal-to-Noise Ratio
... the lateral olfactory tract (LOT: layer Ia) or the association connections between cortical pyramidal cells (layer Ib), as shown in Fig. 1. Bipolar tungsten stimulating electrodes were guided visually into either the afferent fiber layer (layer Ia) or the association fiber layer (layer Ib) and adjus ...
... the lateral olfactory tract (LOT: layer Ia) or the association connections between cortical pyramidal cells (layer Ib), as shown in Fig. 1. Bipolar tungsten stimulating electrodes were guided visually into either the afferent fiber layer (layer Ia) or the association fiber layer (layer Ib) and adjus ...
Eye fields in the frontal lobes of primates
... that allowed investigators to accurately measure eye movements; Ž3. the introduction of behavioral methods that made it possible to train animals to move their eyes in response to sensory stimuli in predictable, reproducible ways; Ž4. the development of techniques that allowed for making focal brain ...
... that allowed investigators to accurately measure eye movements; Ž3. the introduction of behavioral methods that made it possible to train animals to move their eyes in response to sensory stimuli in predictable, reproducible ways; Ž4. the development of techniques that allowed for making focal brain ...
Edge of chaos and prediction of computational performance for
... c 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ...
... c 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ...
Action recognition in the premotor cortex
... grip', i.e. opposition of the index finger and thumb. This grip was evoked by small objects, (ii) 'Finger prehension', i.e. opposition of the thumb to the other fingers. The monkeys used finger prehension to pick up middle-size objects from a deep narrow container, (iii) 'Whole hand prehension', i.e ...
... grip', i.e. opposition of the index finger and thumb. This grip was evoked by small objects, (ii) 'Finger prehension', i.e. opposition of the thumb to the other fingers. The monkeys used finger prehension to pick up middle-size objects from a deep narrow container, (iii) 'Whole hand prehension', i.e ...
Alertness and feeding behaviors in ADHD: Does the hypocretin
... Summary Increasing evidence has suggested that patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may present with a deficit of alertness and sleep disturbances. Recent studies have also pointed out a previously underestimated association between ADHD and abnormal eating behaviors, includ ...
... Summary Increasing evidence has suggested that patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may present with a deficit of alertness and sleep disturbances. Recent studies have also pointed out a previously underestimated association between ADHD and abnormal eating behaviors, includ ...
Increased D-amino acid oxidase
... Many factors other than DAO activity likely influence D-serine availability at the NMDA receptor, including the rate of its synthesis by serine racemase, and its release into and reuptake from the synapse. Alterations in these processes in schizophrenia could counteract – or exacerbate – the effect ...
... Many factors other than DAO activity likely influence D-serine availability at the NMDA receptor, including the rate of its synthesis by serine racemase, and its release into and reuptake from the synapse. Alterations in these processes in schizophrenia could counteract – or exacerbate – the effect ...
Ethanol Neurotoxicity in the Developing Cerebellum
... within the cerebellum and leads to various impairments in brain function [1,2]. In humans, synaptogenesis begins during the third trimester of pregnancy and continues through the first few years of life. In rodents, this period corresponds to postnatal days four to nine (P4–P9). Although neuronal de ...
... within the cerebellum and leads to various impairments in brain function [1,2]. In humans, synaptogenesis begins during the third trimester of pregnancy and continues through the first few years of life. In rodents, this period corresponds to postnatal days four to nine (P4–P9). Although neuronal de ...
Rapid Whole Brain Imaging Of Neural Activities In Freely
... bioRxiv preprint first posted online Apr. 28, 2017; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/131532. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. ...
... bioRxiv preprint first posted online Apr. 28, 2017; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/131532. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. ...
Organization of Cortical and Thalamic Input to Pyramidal Neurons in
... Data analysis. Data analysis was performed with custom routines written in Matlab. Electrophysiology data were low pass filtered offline (1 kHz) and synaptic events were detected using a threshold (within 23 ms of the stimulus with a threshold of ⬎6⫻ SD from baseline). Mean EPSC for sCRACM was compu ...
... Data analysis. Data analysis was performed with custom routines written in Matlab. Electrophysiology data were low pass filtered offline (1 kHz) and synaptic events were detected using a threshold (within 23 ms of the stimulus with a threshold of ⬎6⫻ SD from baseline). Mean EPSC for sCRACM was compu ...
Acceleration of visually cued conditioned fear through the
... divisions of the MGN via auditory cortex to perirhinal cortex also conveys information to the amygdala11,15. However, lesions of the auditory cortex do not affect the magnitude or duration of freezing responses after fear conditioning16. In addition, single unit recordings suggest that this cortical ...
... divisions of the MGN via auditory cortex to perirhinal cortex also conveys information to the amygdala11,15. However, lesions of the auditory cortex do not affect the magnitude or duration of freezing responses after fear conditioning16. In addition, single unit recordings suggest that this cortical ...
Feeling others` painful actions: The sensorimotor
... (grasps) and those that do not (withdrawals). Some somatosensory regions should then show increased activation for observed grasps, irrespective of whether the object is painful or not (the main effect of grasps vs. withdrawals). However, if certain somatosensory areas have an integrative role in re ...
... (grasps) and those that do not (withdrawals). Some somatosensory regions should then show increased activation for observed grasps, irrespective of whether the object is painful or not (the main effect of grasps vs. withdrawals). However, if certain somatosensory areas have an integrative role in re ...
The basis of the stress reaction
... activation of central thermoreceptors (in the hypothalamus). When the temperature rises to 45C, nociceptors are activated. Cold receptors react at temperatures between 25C and 35C, and heat receptors react at temperatures between 38C and 48C (ref. 18). The information from receptors is led via ...
... activation of central thermoreceptors (in the hypothalamus). When the temperature rises to 45C, nociceptors are activated. Cold receptors react at temperatures between 25C and 35C, and heat receptors react at temperatures between 38C and 48C (ref. 18). The information from receptors is led via ...
Effect of Gayatri Mantra Meditation on Meditation Naive Subjects: an
... cerebellum. There were some EEG changes before and after listening to Gayatri mantra also, but reliable analysis could not be carried out due to the less number of samples. Results indicate that mantra meditation can result in changes in the brain. Keywords: Meditation, Mantra, EEG fMRI ...
... cerebellum. There were some EEG changes before and after listening to Gayatri mantra also, but reliable analysis could not be carried out due to the less number of samples. Results indicate that mantra meditation can result in changes in the brain. Keywords: Meditation, Mantra, EEG fMRI ...
(15 pages pdf)
... *Correspondence: [email protected] DOI 10.1016/j.neuron.2009.09.031 2Division ...
... *Correspondence: [email protected] DOI 10.1016/j.neuron.2009.09.031 2Division ...
PATHWAYS FOR EMOTION : INTERACTIONS OF PREFRONTAL AND THE RHESUS MONKEY
... Olmos, 1990). Disruption of these pathways seriously a¡ects emotional expression, as exempli¢ed by the inability of patients with orbitofrontal lesions to respond autonomically in emotional situations (Damasio et al., 1990; for review see Kling and Steklis, 1976). Even though such patients have inta ...
... Olmos, 1990). Disruption of these pathways seriously a¡ects emotional expression, as exempli¢ed by the inability of patients with orbitofrontal lesions to respond autonomically in emotional situations (Damasio et al., 1990; for review see Kling and Steklis, 1976). Even though such patients have inta ...
Insights into Rapid Modulation of Neuroplasticity by Brain Estrogens
... (e.g., cortex and hippocampus); 2) describe the mechanisms that control the bioavailability of active estrogens within discrete regions of the brain, in particular focusing on the ability to synthesize estradiol in nervous tissue; 3) examine the cellular consequence of rapid estrogenicsignaling on p ...
... (e.g., cortex and hippocampus); 2) describe the mechanisms that control the bioavailability of active estrogens within discrete regions of the brain, in particular focusing on the ability to synthesize estradiol in nervous tissue; 3) examine the cellular consequence of rapid estrogenicsignaling on p ...
skull - lms.manhattan.edu
... the pituitary gland, the pancreas, the gonads, the thyroid gland and the adrenal glands. Other organs which are not so well known for their endocrine activity include the stomach, which produces such hormones as ghrelin. ...
... the pituitary gland, the pancreas, the gonads, the thyroid gland and the adrenal glands. Other organs which are not so well known for their endocrine activity include the stomach, which produces such hormones as ghrelin. ...
Schultz 10e IMTB Chapter 11
... clinical, education, and applied psychology branches. Skinner did not include any “internal entities” such as drives, which is why his approach is sometimes called the “empty organism” approach. Skinner did not deny the presence of internal states, but he did deny their usefulness as a focus of scie ...
... clinical, education, and applied psychology branches. Skinner did not include any “internal entities” such as drives, which is why his approach is sometimes called the “empty organism” approach. Skinner did not deny the presence of internal states, but he did deny their usefulness as a focus of scie ...
An electrophysiological investigation of a classically conditioned
... This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Dissertations and Theses at ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014 by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information ...
... This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Dissertations and Theses at ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014 by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information ...
Delineation of a frequency-organized region isolated from the
... is the representative recipient of information from the ears in the mammalian cortex. However, the delineation of the AI is still controversial in a mouse. Recently, it was reported, using optical imaging, that two distinct areas of the AI, located ventrally and dorsally, are activated by high-frequ ...
... is the representative recipient of information from the ears in the mammalian cortex. However, the delineation of the AI is still controversial in a mouse. Recently, it was reported, using optical imaging, that two distinct areas of the AI, located ventrally and dorsally, are activated by high-frequ ...
Document
... Why Do We Sleep? Section Summary Why Do We Sleep? • Fatal familial insomnia is an inherited disease that results in degeneration of parts of the thalamus, deficits in attention and memory, a dreamlike state, loss of control of the autonomic nervous system and the endocrine system, insomnia, and dea ...
... Why Do We Sleep? Section Summary Why Do We Sleep? • Fatal familial insomnia is an inherited disease that results in degeneration of parts of the thalamus, deficits in attention and memory, a dreamlike state, loss of control of the autonomic nervous system and the endocrine system, insomnia, and dea ...
Emerging roles of Axin in cerebral cortical development
... Subsequently, β-catenin accumulates and translocates into the nucleus, where it forms a complex with TCF/Lef transcription factors and turns on Wnt-responsive gene transcription (Furuhashi et al., 2001). It should be noted that most of these findings are from studies using different types of culture ...
... Subsequently, β-catenin accumulates and translocates into the nucleus, where it forms a complex with TCF/Lef transcription factors and turns on Wnt-responsive gene transcription (Furuhashi et al., 2001). It should be noted that most of these findings are from studies using different types of culture ...
The Dorsal Visual System Predicts Future and Remembers Past Eye
... left-right configuration across the two animals. We report the results from all neurons for which we recorded at least 6 trials per experimental condition. A total of 276 neurons were analyzed, including 74 from area LIP, 107 from VIP, and 95 from areas MT and MST combined. ...
... left-right configuration across the two animals. We report the results from all neurons for which we recorded at least 6 trials per experimental condition. A total of 276 neurons were analyzed, including 74 from area LIP, 107 from VIP, and 95 from areas MT and MST combined. ...
Spontaneous Spike Activity of Spinoreticular Tract Neurons During
... sleep and can even be abolished during the REM saccades associated with this state.16 These data support the idea that innocuous and nociceptive information conveyed by these ascending sensory pathways1 may be reduced both tonically and phasically during the behavioral state of active sleep. However ...
... sleep and can even be abolished during the REM saccades associated with this state.16 These data support the idea that innocuous and nociceptive information conveyed by these ascending sensory pathways1 may be reduced both tonically and phasically during the behavioral state of active sleep. However ...
Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex GABA Concentration in Humans
... Significance Statement This study demonstrated for the first time that the amount of gamma-aminobutryic acid (GABA), the major inhibitory neurotransmitter of the brain, in an individual’s prefrontal cortex predicts working memory (WM) task performance. Given that WM is required for many of the most ...
... Significance Statement This study demonstrated for the first time that the amount of gamma-aminobutryic acid (GABA), the major inhibitory neurotransmitter of the brain, in an individual’s prefrontal cortex predicts working memory (WM) task performance. Given that WM is required for many of the most ...