Hypothalamic Regulation of Sleep
... Nambu et al. 1999). Because of the location of the hypocretin neurons in a region that has been implicated in feeding, this neuropeptide was initially thought to regulate appetite and energy metabolism (Sakurai et al. 1998). Application of hypocretin stimulates feeding (Dube et al. 1999; Sweet et al ...
... Nambu et al. 1999). Because of the location of the hypocretin neurons in a region that has been implicated in feeding, this neuropeptide was initially thought to regulate appetite and energy metabolism (Sakurai et al. 1998). Application of hypocretin stimulates feeding (Dube et al. 1999; Sweet et al ...
pavlovian to instrumental transfer in the peak procedure
... With the rise of information theory and its integration into the field of psychology as well as advances in neuroscience, there have been a host of calls to reconcile models of learning, timing, and choice into a coherent framework (Kirkpatrick, 2014; Jensen et al. 2013; Galtress, Marshall, & Kirkpa ...
... With the rise of information theory and its integration into the field of psychology as well as advances in neuroscience, there have been a host of calls to reconcile models of learning, timing, and choice into a coherent framework (Kirkpatrick, 2014; Jensen et al. 2013; Galtress, Marshall, & Kirkpa ...
PDF file
... “emergent networks” (ENs) here, which is stricter than ANNs and connectionist approaches. A. Autonomous mental development From the viewpoint of biological development [19], [76], [103], the representation inside the “brain” is epigenetically generated throughout the lifetime of each individual life ...
... “emergent networks” (ENs) here, which is stricter than ANNs and connectionist approaches. A. Autonomous mental development From the viewpoint of biological development [19], [76], [103], the representation inside the “brain” is epigenetically generated throughout the lifetime of each individual life ...
Layer IV of the primary somatosensory cortex has the highest
... there were significant differences in layers and treatment conditions (F(4, 39) = 49.61, P b 0.001 and F(2, 39) = 5.01, P b 0.05, respectively, Table 4). Post hoc tests showed that there were significant differences in treatment conditions within layer IV (control vs. lidocaine treatment, P = 0.017 ...
... there were significant differences in layers and treatment conditions (F(4, 39) = 49.61, P b 0.001 and F(2, 39) = 5.01, P b 0.05, respectively, Table 4). Post hoc tests showed that there were significant differences in treatment conditions within layer IV (control vs. lidocaine treatment, P = 0.017 ...
Role of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in the control
... reward circuitry, particularly in terms of its connectivity with the mesolimbic DA system, and the major role it plays in modulating DA neuronal activity. We refer also to an excellent review for studies on the role of BST in the pathophysiology of stress-related psychiatric disorders (Forray and Gy ...
... reward circuitry, particularly in terms of its connectivity with the mesolimbic DA system, and the major role it plays in modulating DA neuronal activity. We refer also to an excellent review for studies on the role of BST in the pathophysiology of stress-related psychiatric disorders (Forray and Gy ...
computational and in vitro studies of persistent activity
... becoming much more responsive at the time of memory erasure (thin black trace). Reproduced from Fig. 2 in Brunel and Wang (2001) with kind permission of Springer. (B) Bifurcation diagram for a network as the one in A. The abscissa labels the strength of coupling among neurons of one same selectivity ...
... becoming much more responsive at the time of memory erasure (thin black trace). Reproduced from Fig. 2 in Brunel and Wang (2001) with kind permission of Springer. (B) Bifurcation diagram for a network as the one in A. The abscissa labels the strength of coupling among neurons of one same selectivity ...
Hereditary Pick’s disease with the G272V tau mutation shows predominant three-repeat
... was much higher than 3R2N. The 3R0N isoform ran somewhat lower on gel than the corresponding recombinant tau band (Fig. 4B), as a result of the high amount of alkaline phosphatase used in this dephosphorylation step, which was confirmed by using the 3R-specific antibody (Fig. 5). The small amount of ...
... was much higher than 3R2N. The 3R0N isoform ran somewhat lower on gel than the corresponding recombinant tau band (Fig. 4B), as a result of the high amount of alkaline phosphatase used in this dephosphorylation step, which was confirmed by using the 3R-specific antibody (Fig. 5). The small amount of ...
The neural mechanisms of perceptual filling-in
... also occurs in the normal visual field where there is no deficit of visual inputs. In one example, stabilization of the border of a surface on the retina causes fillingin. For instance, when steady fixation is maintained, the contrast of an object in the peripheral visual field gradually decreases, ...
... also occurs in the normal visual field where there is no deficit of visual inputs. In one example, stabilization of the border of a surface on the retina causes fillingin. For instance, when steady fixation is maintained, the contrast of an object in the peripheral visual field gradually decreases, ...
Vdhjections InducedInto the Auditory Pathway of Ferrets. I
... The organization of cortical circuitry responsible for processing sensory information is a subject of intense examination. However, it is not known whether cortical cells in different sensory cortices process information in a way that is specific to the modality of their input, or whether there are ...
... The organization of cortical circuitry responsible for processing sensory information is a subject of intense examination. However, it is not known whether cortical cells in different sensory cortices process information in a way that is specific to the modality of their input, or whether there are ...
Temporal coding in the gustatory system
... communication in nearly all sensory modalities, including the chemical senses. For example, in the olfactory system, it has been shown that organized oscillations in firing patterns of neurons in the central nervous system of moths are not only correlated with olfactory discrimination (MacLeod et al. ...
... communication in nearly all sensory modalities, including the chemical senses. For example, in the olfactory system, it has been shown that organized oscillations in firing patterns of neurons in the central nervous system of moths are not only correlated with olfactory discrimination (MacLeod et al. ...
Wasp Voodoo Rituals, Venom-Cocktails, and the Zombification of Cockroach Hosts SYMPOSIUM Frederic Libersat
... through the protective ganglionic sheath of these two head ganglia (the cockroach’s ‘‘brain’’), such that venom is injected directly onto the neuronal targets. However, how can such a precise venom injection be achieved? ...
... through the protective ganglionic sheath of these two head ganglia (the cockroach’s ‘‘brain’’), such that venom is injected directly onto the neuronal targets. However, how can such a precise venom injection be achieved? ...
The neuronal structure of the substantia nigra in the guinea pig
... density of cell bodies observed after counterstaining in macaques [13]. Many nigral neurons in rat have dendritic varicosities, which are not found on the thick dendritic trunks, but they are located slightly further from the cell body [23], and in the primates Schwyn and Fox [34] observed varicosit ...
... density of cell bodies observed after counterstaining in macaques [13]. Many nigral neurons in rat have dendritic varicosities, which are not found on the thick dendritic trunks, but they are located slightly further from the cell body [23], and in the primates Schwyn and Fox [34] observed varicosit ...
Psilocybin Final Project-PDF
... [6] TORSTEN PASSIE, JUERGEN SEIFERT, UDO SCHNEIDER & HINDERK M. EMRICH. (2002, January 1). The pharmacology of psilocybin. Retrieved April 6, 2015, from http://www.maps.org/research-archive/w3pb/2002/2002_Passie_22704_1.pdf [7] Tyls, F., Palenicek, T., Horacek, J. (2014) Psilocybin – Summary of know ...
... [6] TORSTEN PASSIE, JUERGEN SEIFERT, UDO SCHNEIDER & HINDERK M. EMRICH. (2002, January 1). The pharmacology of psilocybin. Retrieved April 6, 2015, from http://www.maps.org/research-archive/w3pb/2002/2002_Passie_22704_1.pdf [7] Tyls, F., Palenicek, T., Horacek, J. (2014) Psilocybin – Summary of know ...
4 Aromatic Amino Acids in the Brain - Wurtman Lab
... and converted to the catecholamines dopamine and norepinephrine, depending on the firing frequency of the particular catecholaminergic neuron. If the neuron is firing with high frequency, the tyrosine hydroxylase enzyme becomes multiply phosphorylated; this markedly increases its affinity for its ot ...
... and converted to the catecholamines dopamine and norepinephrine, depending on the firing frequency of the particular catecholaminergic neuron. If the neuron is firing with high frequency, the tyrosine hydroxylase enzyme becomes multiply phosphorylated; this markedly increases its affinity for its ot ...
Swallowing reflex and brain stem neurons activated by superior
... lated with the cytoarchitectural characteristics as defined by cresyl violet staining and nNOS staining. From a coronal perspective, Sol is broadly divided into a smaller lateral and a larger medial subdivision based on their position in relation to the SolT. The lateral subdivision is further subdi ...
... lated with the cytoarchitectural characteristics as defined by cresyl violet staining and nNOS staining. From a coronal perspective, Sol is broadly divided into a smaller lateral and a larger medial subdivision based on their position in relation to the SolT. The lateral subdivision is further subdi ...
The Effects of Short-term and Long-term Learning on the Responses
... 2000; Passingham, Toni, & Rushworth, 2000; Wise & Murray, 2000). Functional neuroimaging studies have reported that neural activity in the parietal cortex can be affected by associative learning that happens over the course of a single session (Eliassen, Souza, & Sanes, 2003; Deiber et al., 1997) an ...
... 2000; Passingham, Toni, & Rushworth, 2000; Wise & Murray, 2000). Functional neuroimaging studies have reported that neural activity in the parietal cortex can be affected by associative learning that happens over the course of a single session (Eliassen, Souza, & Sanes, 2003; Deiber et al., 1997) an ...
Fig. 2 - eNeuro
... stimulator (Digitimer) to induce the KO response. During head-on clashes with Petri dish walls, the tadpole head touches the wall every time its tail flapped to propel the animal forward. Therefore, we set a typical electrical skin stimulation protocol as five pulses with duration of 0.2 ms at 30 Hz ...
... stimulator (Digitimer) to induce the KO response. During head-on clashes with Petri dish walls, the tadpole head touches the wall every time its tail flapped to propel the animal forward. Therefore, we set a typical electrical skin stimulation protocol as five pulses with duration of 0.2 ms at 30 Hz ...
Changes of Synaptic Density in the Primary Visual Cortex of the
... that both light and electron microscopic methods that show neuronal connections are not well suited for precise, complete, and comprehensive quantification, particularly in large brains that mature over a prolonged time. Previous quantitative analyses of synaptogenesis in the primate cortex that hav ...
... that both light and electron microscopic methods that show neuronal connections are not well suited for precise, complete, and comprehensive quantification, particularly in large brains that mature over a prolonged time. Previous quantitative analyses of synaptogenesis in the primate cortex that hav ...
... forward theories. Along these lines, the effort made in this research field focuses on comprehending the complex profile of a cocaine-addictive person at three levels: biological, behavioural and social. Chronic cocaine use is related with medical, neurological and neuropsychiatric complications, wh ...
involvement of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis activated by
... Cassell, 1993; Veinante and Freund-Mercier, 1998). Furthermore, it has been suggested that they have common physiological roles in autonomic and behavioral responses associated with motivational and emotional responses (Delfs et al., 2000; Dunn, 1987; Dunn and Whitener, 1986; Watanabe et al., 2003). ...
... Cassell, 1993; Veinante and Freund-Mercier, 1998). Furthermore, it has been suggested that they have common physiological roles in autonomic and behavioral responses associated with motivational and emotional responses (Delfs et al., 2000; Dunn, 1987; Dunn and Whitener, 1986; Watanabe et al., 2003). ...
Central Nervous System (CNS) The Brain Embryonic Development
... • Central core of the forebrain • Consists of three paired structures – thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus • Encloses the third ventricle ...
... • Central core of the forebrain • Consists of three paired structures – thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus • Encloses the third ventricle ...
Down - 서울대 Biointelligence lab
... The high-order mental abilities An emerging property of specialized neural networks The number of neurons in the central nervous systems 1012 We aim to understand the principal organization of neuron-like elements and how such structures can support and enable particular mental processes. ...
... The high-order mental abilities An emerging property of specialized neural networks The number of neurons in the central nervous systems 1012 We aim to understand the principal organization of neuron-like elements and how such structures can support and enable particular mental processes. ...