Science Jeopardy
... • ANSWER: The 2 major processes of photosynthesis and the 2 reaction centers of the first process (in the order they are active) • QUESTION: What are light-dependent and the Calvin Cycle (or lightindependent) reactions, and what are photosystems II and I? Answer ...
... • ANSWER: The 2 major processes of photosynthesis and the 2 reaction centers of the first process (in the order they are active) • QUESTION: What are light-dependent and the Calvin Cycle (or lightindependent) reactions, and what are photosystems II and I? Answer ...
Camp 1 - University of California, Santa Cruz
... behind two of these reactions of pyruvate is to recognize that glycolysis needs a continuing supply of NAD+. • If no oxygen is present to reoxidize NADH to NAD+, then another way must be found to reoxidize it. ...
... behind two of these reactions of pyruvate is to recognize that glycolysis needs a continuing supply of NAD+. • If no oxygen is present to reoxidize NADH to NAD+, then another way must be found to reoxidize it. ...
Model of Skeletal Muscle Energy Metabolism
... MATERIALS S2: METABOLIC REACTIONS FLUX EXPRESSIONS The flux expressions for the compartmentalized lumped metabolic reactions that convert substrates to products in the two subcellular compartments (cytosol and mitochondria) in coupled with the energy controller pairs ATP-ADP and NADH-NAD+ are writte ...
... MATERIALS S2: METABOLIC REACTIONS FLUX EXPRESSIONS The flux expressions for the compartmentalized lumped metabolic reactions that convert substrates to products in the two subcellular compartments (cytosol and mitochondria) in coupled with the energy controller pairs ATP-ADP and NADH-NAD+ are writte ...
Glycolysis - Oregon State University
... The aldolase reaction puts together pieces so A fructose molecule is made with two phosphates in tow Metabolic Melody gluconeogenesis liver’s specialty And one of Oh these gets cleaved offis by a fructose phosphatase Producing sugar foracting the body most admirably (slow) Unless F2,6BP's blocking p ...
... The aldolase reaction puts together pieces so A fructose molecule is made with two phosphates in tow Metabolic Melody gluconeogenesis liver’s specialty And one of Oh these gets cleaved offis by a fructose phosphatase Producing sugar foracting the body most admirably (slow) Unless F2,6BP's blocking p ...
Gluconeogenesis
... Mn++ is thought to promote Pi transfer by interacting simultaneously with the enolate oxygen atom and an oxygen atom of the terminal phosphate of GTP or ATP. ...
... Mn++ is thought to promote Pi transfer by interacting simultaneously with the enolate oxygen atom and an oxygen atom of the terminal phosphate of GTP or ATP. ...
Effects of Copper and Zinc Ions on Photosystem II Studied by EPR
... gives rise to two radical signals present in equal amounts and attributed to the Chl a•+ and the QA•formed by light-induced charge separation. When the Cu2+-treated PS II is reduced by sodium ascorbate, at g77 K electron donation eliminates the donor-side radical leaving the QA•- EPR signal. The dat ...
... gives rise to two radical signals present in equal amounts and attributed to the Chl a•+ and the QA•formed by light-induced charge separation. When the Cu2+-treated PS II is reduced by sodium ascorbate, at g77 K electron donation eliminates the donor-side radical leaving the QA•- EPR signal. The dat ...
Document
... The partial pressure of each gas in a mixture is proportional to: a. the mass of the gas. b. the molecular weight of the gas. c. the square root of the molecular weight of the gas. d. the mole fraction of the gas. Dr.Laila Al-Harbi ...
... The partial pressure of each gas in a mixture is proportional to: a. the mass of the gas. b. the molecular weight of the gas. c. the square root of the molecular weight of the gas. d. the mole fraction of the gas. Dr.Laila Al-Harbi ...
Visualization of ATP levels inside single living cells with
... targeting sequence is cleaved after transport into mitochondria (22). Higher mitochondrial pH does not account for the lower YFP/CFP emission ratio, because the f luorescence of AT1.03 is almost invariant at pH conditions ⬎7.3 (Fig. 3B). To confirm that the low YFP/CFP emission ratio in mitochondria ...
... targeting sequence is cleaved after transport into mitochondria (22). Higher mitochondrial pH does not account for the lower YFP/CFP emission ratio, because the f luorescence of AT1.03 is almost invariant at pH conditions ⬎7.3 (Fig. 3B). To confirm that the low YFP/CFP emission ratio in mitochondria ...
Karbohidrat Metabolizması
... PEP Carboxykinase catalyzes GTP-dependent oxaloacetate PEP. It is thought to proceed in 2 steps: Oxaloacetate is first decarboxylated to yield a pyruvate enolate anion intermediate. This is phosphorylated by phosphate transfer from GTP. A metal ion such as Mn++ is required, in addition to Mg++ ass ...
... PEP Carboxykinase catalyzes GTP-dependent oxaloacetate PEP. It is thought to proceed in 2 steps: Oxaloacetate is first decarboxylated to yield a pyruvate enolate anion intermediate. This is phosphorylated by phosphate transfer from GTP. A metal ion such as Mn++ is required, in addition to Mg++ ass ...
Free Radicals, Oxidative Stress, and Diseases
... A free radical is defined as any species that contains one or more unpaired electron occupying an atomic or molecular orbital by itself. The box diagram configuration for O2 shows that in itself oxygen a diradical, because it possesses two unpaired electrons; the Lewis dot diagram on the right shows ...
... A free radical is defined as any species that contains one or more unpaired electron occupying an atomic or molecular orbital by itself. The box diagram configuration for O2 shows that in itself oxygen a diradical, because it possesses two unpaired electrons; the Lewis dot diagram on the right shows ...
Test Example
... signal carriers, transporters; (b) nucleic acids store and transmit genetic information and act as both structural and catalytic elements; (c) polysaccharides serve as energy-yielding fuel stores and cellular and extracellular structural and recognition elements, (d) lipids function as membrane comp ...
... signal carriers, transporters; (b) nucleic acids store and transmit genetic information and act as both structural and catalytic elements; (c) polysaccharides serve as energy-yielding fuel stores and cellular and extracellular structural and recognition elements, (d) lipids function as membrane comp ...
The Regulation of Acetyl Coenzyme A Synthesis in Chloroplasts
... tase (ACS) have been compared in extracts of plastids isolated from spinach leaves and from both green and etiolated pea seedlings. A ll plastid preparations were shown to be capable of synthesizing acetyl-CoA, not only via acetyl-CoA synthetase, but also via the pyruvate dehydroge nase complex, th ...
... tase (ACS) have been compared in extracts of plastids isolated from spinach leaves and from both green and etiolated pea seedlings. A ll plastid preparations were shown to be capable of synthesizing acetyl-CoA, not only via acetyl-CoA synthetase, but also via the pyruvate dehydroge nase complex, th ...
A 1-Megadalton Translocation Complex Containing
... shown to be exposed to the stromal compartment (Jackson et al., 1998). The stromal domain of Tic110 has been proposed to function as a molecular scaffold by binding the preprotein and recruiting the stromal chaperone Hsp93 with the assistance of the putative cochaperone Tic40 (Akita et al., 1997; Ni ...
... shown to be exposed to the stromal compartment (Jackson et al., 1998). The stromal domain of Tic110 has been proposed to function as a molecular scaffold by binding the preprotein and recruiting the stromal chaperone Hsp93 with the assistance of the putative cochaperone Tic40 (Akita et al., 1997; Ni ...
The Regulation of Acetyl Coenzyme A Synthesis in Chloroplasts
... tase (ACS) have been compared in extracts of plastids isolated from spinach leaves and from both green and etiolated pea seedlings. A ll plastid preparations were shown to be capable of synthesizing acetyl-CoA, not only via acetyl-CoA synthetase, but also via the pyruvate dehydroge nase complex, th ...
... tase (ACS) have been compared in extracts of plastids isolated from spinach leaves and from both green and etiolated pea seedlings. A ll plastid preparations were shown to be capable of synthesizing acetyl-CoA, not only via acetyl-CoA synthetase, but also via the pyruvate dehydroge nase complex, th ...
Mitochondrial b
... acids are also b-oxidized by a peroxisomal pathway, this pathway is quantitatively minor, and, although inherited disorders of the peroxisomal system result in devastating disease, is not considered further. Similarly, the auxiliary systems required for the metabolism of polyunsaturated and branched ...
... acids are also b-oxidized by a peroxisomal pathway, this pathway is quantitatively minor, and, although inherited disorders of the peroxisomal system result in devastating disease, is not considered further. Similarly, the auxiliary systems required for the metabolism of polyunsaturated and branched ...
ATP production in brain and liver mitochondria of Fischer
... inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) on the surface of the luciferase enzyme as shown in reaction 1 luciferase ...
... inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) on the surface of the luciferase enzyme as shown in reaction 1 luciferase ...
Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
... variety of biosynthetic processes • α-Ketoglutarate is transaminated to make glutamate, which can be used to make purine nucleotides, Arg and Pro • Succinyl-CoA can be used to make porphyrins • Fumarate and oxaloacetate can be used to make several amino acids and also pyrimidine ...
... variety of biosynthetic processes • α-Ketoglutarate is transaminated to make glutamate, which can be used to make purine nucleotides, Arg and Pro • Succinyl-CoA can be used to make porphyrins • Fumarate and oxaloacetate can be used to make several amino acids and also pyrimidine ...
Chapter X-1: The Plant Cell and the Cell Cycle
... cytochromes. iron-sulfur proteins. coenzyme Q. NAD+. FAD. ...
... cytochromes. iron-sulfur proteins. coenzyme Q. NAD+. FAD. ...
Chapter 8: Energy generation:glycolysis
... The glycolysis pathway can be divided into two phases, the first phase comprising steps 1–5 and culminating in synthesis of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, and the second phase made up of steps 6–10, when glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is metabolized into pyruvate. The first phase does not generate ATP. In ...
... The glycolysis pathway can be divided into two phases, the first phase comprising steps 1–5 and culminating in synthesis of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, and the second phase made up of steps 6–10, when glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is metabolized into pyruvate. The first phase does not generate ATP. In ...
Optimum ATP Optimum ATP
... taurine, and L-arginine alpha-ketoglutarate. This proprietary blend is designed to complement the activities of Purenergy. Furthermore, some of these individual ingredients taken in high doses have roles in mitochondrial biogenesis or are known to have a positive influence on exercise performance.*[ ...
... taurine, and L-arginine alpha-ketoglutarate. This proprietary blend is designed to complement the activities of Purenergy. Furthermore, some of these individual ingredients taken in high doses have roles in mitochondrial biogenesis or are known to have a positive influence on exercise performance.*[ ...
Glycolysi
... Glyceraldehyde 3-P dehydrogenase NAD+ is the acceptor for hydride ion released from the aldehyde group Formation of acyl phosphate Carboxylic acid anhydride with phosphoric acid High DG’o of hydrolysis ...
... Glyceraldehyde 3-P dehydrogenase NAD+ is the acceptor for hydride ion released from the aldehyde group Formation of acyl phosphate Carboxylic acid anhydride with phosphoric acid High DG’o of hydrolysis ...
Gluconeogenesis
... Mn++ is thought to promote Pi transfer by interacting simultaneously with the enolate oxygen atom and an oxygen atom of the terminal phosphate of GTP or ATP. ...
... Mn++ is thought to promote Pi transfer by interacting simultaneously with the enolate oxygen atom and an oxygen atom of the terminal phosphate of GTP or ATP. ...
TCA (Krebs) Cycle
... or citric acid cycle: located in mitochondrion; common 8-Rx oxidative pathway for all fuels. Two major metabolic roles: energy production and biosynthesis. 4 oxidative steps: capture high DG e– in 3 NADH and 1 FADH2; transfer to ETS for ATP. Substrate level phosphorylation: 1 GTP. 8 reaction ...
... or citric acid cycle: located in mitochondrion; common 8-Rx oxidative pathway for all fuels. Two major metabolic roles: energy production and biosynthesis. 4 oxidative steps: capture high DG e– in 3 NADH and 1 FADH2; transfer to ETS for ATP. Substrate level phosphorylation: 1 GTP. 8 reaction ...
glucose
... (derived from vitamin B1, thiamin), FAD (derived from vitamin B2, riboflavin), and coenzyme A (derived from pantothenic acid) and NAD (from niacin). Intermediates of the TCA cycle are used for many biosynthetic reactions and are replaced by anaplerotic (refilling) reactions within the cell. The cycl ...
... (derived from vitamin B1, thiamin), FAD (derived from vitamin B2, riboflavin), and coenzyme A (derived from pantothenic acid) and NAD (from niacin). Intermediates of the TCA cycle are used for many biosynthetic reactions and are replaced by anaplerotic (refilling) reactions within the cell. The cycl ...
1 - Esalq
... its functioning are the rotating "wheels" of the biogeochemical cycles. Over several years, the biospheric machine renews itself by substitution of its "worn parts" with new ones. The biospheric machine needs 300 years to recycle all of the carbon dioxide contained in the atmosphere and dissolved in ...
... its functioning are the rotating "wheels" of the biogeochemical cycles. Over several years, the biospheric machine renews itself by substitution of its "worn parts" with new ones. The biospheric machine needs 300 years to recycle all of the carbon dioxide contained in the atmosphere and dissolved in ...