Chapter 9: Cellular Respiration and Fermentation - Biology E
... The ATP synthase harnesses the proton-motive force to phosphorylate ADP, forming ATP. Together, electron transport and chemiosmosis make up oxidative phosphorylation. 31. To account for the total number of ATPs that could be formed from a glucose molecule, we have to add the substrate-level ATPs fr ...
... The ATP synthase harnesses the proton-motive force to phosphorylate ADP, forming ATP. Together, electron transport and chemiosmosis make up oxidative phosphorylation. 31. To account for the total number of ATPs that could be formed from a glucose molecule, we have to add the substrate-level ATPs fr ...
Mattie Knebel Kyler Salazar Jared Hansen Biology 1610 Sperry
... Oxygen is also added in this step producing a Carbon Dioxide molecule. After this, the Citric Acid Cycle can begin. Acetyl CoA enters into the citric acid cycle and is attached to the 4C molecule Oxaloacetate. The CoA is then released and a 6C molecule called citrate is left behind. After Citrate is ...
... Oxygen is also added in this step producing a Carbon Dioxide molecule. After this, the Citric Acid Cycle can begin. Acetyl CoA enters into the citric acid cycle and is attached to the 4C molecule Oxaloacetate. The CoA is then released and a 6C molecule called citrate is left behind. After Citrate is ...
Topic 3.7 and Opt C Cell Respiration
... Oxidation is losing electrons (or hydrogens) from an element or molecule Reduction is gaining of electrons (or hydrogens) by an element or molecule Loss of hydrogen atoms ...
... Oxidation is losing electrons (or hydrogens) from an element or molecule Reduction is gaining of electrons (or hydrogens) by an element or molecule Loss of hydrogen atoms ...
Metabolism Summary
... • The energy yield for the entire catabolic pathway (citric acid cycle, electron transport chain, and oxidative ...
... • The energy yield for the entire catabolic pathway (citric acid cycle, electron transport chain, and oxidative ...
Carbohydrate and sugar structure
... Isozymes: Enzymes that catalyze the same reaction but are different in their kinetic behavior Tissue specific Glucokinase- Liver controls blood glucose levels. Hexokinase in muscle - allosteric inhibition by ATP Hexokinase in brain - NO allosteric inhibition by ATP ...
... Isozymes: Enzymes that catalyze the same reaction but are different in their kinetic behavior Tissue specific Glucokinase- Liver controls blood glucose levels. Hexokinase in muscle - allosteric inhibition by ATP Hexokinase in brain - NO allosteric inhibition by ATP ...
NADH by James South
... "sparks" thrown off during Krebs’ cycle oxidation and shuttles them to the electron transport side chain energy production cycle. Each unit of NADH is capable of generating three units of ATP energy. In a very real sense, NADH is the "energy of life" coenzyme. NAD(H) is a relatively large and comple ...
... "sparks" thrown off during Krebs’ cycle oxidation and shuttles them to the electron transport side chain energy production cycle. Each unit of NADH is capable of generating three units of ATP energy. In a very real sense, NADH is the "energy of life" coenzyme. NAD(H) is a relatively large and comple ...
Cell Respiration Flow Chart
... chart showing the steps. Keep track of the major molecules involved. It helps to keep track of the number of carbons in each molecule. Make note of when ATP is used or formed. It is helpful to actually count the number of ATP involved, making note of the net amount (the amount you have after subtra ...
... chart showing the steps. Keep track of the major molecules involved. It helps to keep track of the number of carbons in each molecule. Make note of when ATP is used or formed. It is helpful to actually count the number of ATP involved, making note of the net amount (the amount you have after subtra ...
Name: Date: ______ Per: ______ Chemical Reactions and
... 11. Can one single enzyme catalyze many different types of substrates? Explain why? ...
... 11. Can one single enzyme catalyze many different types of substrates? Explain why? ...
Cellular respiration Review: 1. Why is ATP the “energy currency” of
... 5. True or False: The main idea of cellular respiration is that energy found in the electrons from the food we eat can be transferred through a series of “step- down” redox reactions to eventually be used to join ATP +Pi yielding ATP. 6. Complete the following table: Reaction Name Location Oxygen Go ...
... 5. True or False: The main idea of cellular respiration is that energy found in the electrons from the food we eat can be transferred through a series of “step- down” redox reactions to eventually be used to join ATP +Pi yielding ATP. 6. Complete the following table: Reaction Name Location Oxygen Go ...
Cellular Respiration
... loss of electrons during a chemical reaction is called Oxidation. Glucose is oxidized to 6CO2 and O2 is reduced to 6H2O during cellular respiration. During cellular respiration, glucose loses electrons and H, and O2 gains them. Energy and Food All living things need energy. Some living things can ma ...
... loss of electrons during a chemical reaction is called Oxidation. Glucose is oxidized to 6CO2 and O2 is reduced to 6H2O during cellular respiration. During cellular respiration, glucose loses electrons and H, and O2 gains them. Energy and Food All living things need energy. Some living things can ma ...
BOTANY DEPARTMENT - university of nairobi staff profiles
... Define homeostatis, differentiate between Homoeotherms and Poikilotherms Distinguish different modes autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition Understand anaerobic and aerobic metabolism and its importance A good understanding of biological reductive and oxidative reactions. Evaluate the function of A ...
... Define homeostatis, differentiate between Homoeotherms and Poikilotherms Distinguish different modes autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition Understand anaerobic and aerobic metabolism and its importance A good understanding of biological reductive and oxidative reactions. Evaluate the function of A ...
Lactanase - Vita Flex
... enzymes needed for the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl coenzyme A. Thiamine, also known as vitamin B1, forms thiamine pyrophosphate, or TPP, a coenzyme used to begin pyruvate conversion. Lipoic acid is a sulfur-bearing fatty acid that is produced within the body, and is also found in low levels in ...
... enzymes needed for the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl coenzyme A. Thiamine, also known as vitamin B1, forms thiamine pyrophosphate, or TPP, a coenzyme used to begin pyruvate conversion. Lipoic acid is a sulfur-bearing fatty acid that is produced within the body, and is also found in low levels in ...
Biology Chp 7 Notes
... a. Krebs Cycle: the oxidation of glucose is completed 1. NAD+ is reduced to NADH b. Electron Transport Chain (Chemiosmosis): NADH is used to make ATP 4. Prokaryotes carry out the reactions in the Cytosol 5. Eukaryotes carry them out in the “Mitochondria” a. The Pyruvic Acid diffuses into the mitocho ...
... a. Krebs Cycle: the oxidation of glucose is completed 1. NAD+ is reduced to NADH b. Electron Transport Chain (Chemiosmosis): NADH is used to make ATP 4. Prokaryotes carry out the reactions in the Cytosol 5. Eukaryotes carry them out in the “Mitochondria” a. The Pyruvic Acid diffuses into the mitocho ...
respiration - SchoolRack
... 3. Think about the structure of a fat molecule. What feature of its structure makes it a better fuel than a carbohydrate (like glucose)? 2. Explain where the fat goes when you lose weight. ...
... 3. Think about the structure of a fat molecule. What feature of its structure makes it a better fuel than a carbohydrate (like glucose)? 2. Explain where the fat goes when you lose weight. ...
Enzymes
... A-Hydrolases - these include esterases, carbohydrases, nucleases, deaminases, amidases, and proteases B-Hydrases such as fumarase, enolase, aconitase and carbonic anhydrase 2- Transfer of electrons A-Oxidases B-Dehydrogenases 3- Transfer of a radical A-Transglycosidases - of monosaccharides B-Transp ...
... A-Hydrolases - these include esterases, carbohydrases, nucleases, deaminases, amidases, and proteases B-Hydrases such as fumarase, enolase, aconitase and carbonic anhydrase 2- Transfer of electrons A-Oxidases B-Dehydrogenases 3- Transfer of a radical A-Transglycosidases - of monosaccharides B-Transp ...
Name Date Ch 7 – Cellular Respiration and Fermentation (Biology
... 2. What types of organic compounds can be consumed as fuel for cell respiration? ...
... 2. What types of organic compounds can be consumed as fuel for cell respiration? ...
Cellular respiration
... 3. Describe the conditions under which an athlete would be relying mostly on the Aerobic System to produced ATP. 4. What must proteins and fats be converted into in order to be used as fuel for the Aerobic System? ...
... 3. Describe the conditions under which an athlete would be relying mostly on the Aerobic System to produced ATP. 4. What must proteins and fats be converted into in order to be used as fuel for the Aerobic System? ...
O 2 - Madison Public Schools
... proteins all catabolized through same pathways enter at different points cell extracts energy from every source ...
... proteins all catabolized through same pathways enter at different points cell extracts energy from every source ...
Visualizing Biological Pathways
... enzymes) and a heat-insensitive low-molecular-weight cytoplasm fraction (ADP, ATP and NAD+ and other cofactors). are required together for fermentation to proceed in 1905. ...
... enzymes) and a heat-insensitive low-molecular-weight cytoplasm fraction (ADP, ATP and NAD+ and other cofactors). are required together for fermentation to proceed in 1905. ...
Lecture 3section7
... Remember pathways are integrated Rates of glycolysis and TCA cycle are matched so that only as much glucose is metabolized to pyruvate as is need to provide Acetyl CoA for the cycles Rate of glycolysis is matched to the TCA cycle by ATP and NADH levels. Also remember the citrate is a negative allost ...
... Remember pathways are integrated Rates of glycolysis and TCA cycle are matched so that only as much glucose is metabolized to pyruvate as is need to provide Acetyl CoA for the cycles Rate of glycolysis is matched to the TCA cycle by ATP and NADH levels. Also remember the citrate is a negative allost ...
Cellular Respiration
... • The process in which a three carbon pyruvate is broken down into ethanol, a two carbon compound through alcoholic fermentation. • First pyruvate is converted to a two carbon compound releasing carbon dioxide. Secon electron are transferred from NAHD to the two carbon compound, producing ...
... • The process in which a three carbon pyruvate is broken down into ethanol, a two carbon compound through alcoholic fermentation. • First pyruvate is converted to a two carbon compound releasing carbon dioxide. Secon electron are transferred from NAHD to the two carbon compound, producing ...
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a coenzyme found in all living cells. The compound is a dinucleotide, because it consists of two nucleotides joined through their phosphate groups. One nucleotide contains an adenine base and the other nicotinamide. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide exists in two forms, an oxidized and reduced form abbreviated as NAD+ and NADH respectively.In metabolism, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is involved in redox reactions, carrying electrons from one reaction to another. The coenzyme is, therefore, found in two forms in cells: NAD+ is an oxidizing agent – it accepts electrons from other molecules and becomes reduced. This reaction forms NADH, which can then be used as a reducing agent to donate electrons. These electron transfer reactions are the main function of NAD. However, it is also used in other cellular processes, the most notable one being a substrate of enzymes that add or remove chemical groups from proteins, in posttranslational modifications. Because of the importance of these functions, the enzymes involved in NAD metabolism are targets for drug discovery.In organisms, NAD can be synthesized from simple building-blocks (de novo) from the amino acids tryptophan or aspartic acid. In an alternative fashion, more complex components of the coenzymes are taken up from food as the vitamin called niacin. Similar compounds are released by reactions that break down the structure of NAD. These preformed components then pass through a salvage pathway that recycles them back into the active form. Some NAD is also converted into nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP); the chemistry of this related coenzyme is similar to that of NAD, but it has different roles in metabolism.Although NAD+ is written with a superscript plus sign because of the formal charge on a particular nitrogen atom, at physiological pH for the most part it is actually a singly charged anion (charge of minus 1), while NADH is a doubly charged anion.