Metabolism of fats and proteins
... Where is the electron transport chain located? What kind of biomolecules make up the electron transport chain? What are the important functions of these biomolecules? Is oxygen required for the electron transport chain to function? If so, what is its role? The electron transport chain is where oxida ...
... Where is the electron transport chain located? What kind of biomolecules make up the electron transport chain? What are the important functions of these biomolecules? Is oxygen required for the electron transport chain to function? If so, what is its role? The electron transport chain is where oxida ...
Name CELLULAR RESPIRATION URL: http:://www.2.nl.edu/jste
... How many protons are pumped when FADH2 delivers electons. How many ATP’s are created? Run the animation to see the creation of 2ATP’s/FADH2. Explain why some cells will produce 36 ATP’s per glucose while others will produce 38 ATP’s per glucose. ...
... How many protons are pumped when FADH2 delivers electons. How many ATP’s are created? Run the animation to see the creation of 2ATP’s/FADH2. Explain why some cells will produce 36 ATP’s per glucose while others will produce 38 ATP’s per glucose. ...
Cell Respiration State that oxidation involves the loss of electrons
... type of ATP formation is different, as it occurs at substrate level. Four molecules of ATP are produced when two molecules of pyruvate are formed. Coupled with the loss of two ATP molecules in phosphorylation, the net gain of ATP in glycolysis is two. The triose phosphate is oxidised to form pyruvi ...
... type of ATP formation is different, as it occurs at substrate level. Four molecules of ATP are produced when two molecules of pyruvate are formed. Coupled with the loss of two ATP molecules in phosphorylation, the net gain of ATP in glycolysis is two. The triose phosphate is oxidised to form pyruvi ...
1 of 3 Biochemistry Final exam Block 3, 2008 Name Answer all of
... (a) At rest, plenty of O2 is being delivered to the muscle, and pyruvate formed during glycolysis is oxidized to acetyl-CoA by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Acetyl groups then enter the citric acid cycle and are oxidized to CO2. (b) Under the conditions of all-out exertion, skeletal muscle can ...
... (a) At rest, plenty of O2 is being delivered to the muscle, and pyruvate formed during glycolysis is oxidized to acetyl-CoA by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Acetyl groups then enter the citric acid cycle and are oxidized to CO2. (b) Under the conditions of all-out exertion, skeletal muscle can ...
Microbial metabolism
... difference between these two – also a note on this slide saying I just want them to know that for both SLP and OP the energy yielod is greatest for aerobic respiration, lowest for fermentation and intermediate for anaerobic respiration; and also that in fermentation there is ONLY substrate level pho ...
... difference between these two – also a note on this slide saying I just want them to know that for both SLP and OP the energy yielod is greatest for aerobic respiration, lowest for fermentation and intermediate for anaerobic respiration; and also that in fermentation there is ONLY substrate level pho ...
BioH_Cellular Respiration
... Each protein in the chain has a higher attraction for electrons than the one before it, causing electrons to be pulled “down” the chain. The last protein of the chain passes its electrons to oxygen, which also picks up a pair of H+ from the surroundings to form water (oxygen is the “final electron a ...
... Each protein in the chain has a higher attraction for electrons than the one before it, causing electrons to be pulled “down” the chain. The last protein of the chain passes its electrons to oxygen, which also picks up a pair of H+ from the surroundings to form water (oxygen is the “final electron a ...
Plant Respiration
... Cytochrome c is a small protein attached to the outer surface of the inner membrane and acts as a mobile carrier for transfer of electrons between complex III and IV. Complex IV refers to cytochrome c oxidase complex containing cytochromes a and a3, and two copper centres. When the electrons pass fr ...
... Cytochrome c is a small protein attached to the outer surface of the inner membrane and acts as a mobile carrier for transfer of electrons between complex III and IV. Complex IV refers to cytochrome c oxidase complex containing cytochromes a and a3, and two copper centres. When the electrons pass fr ...
File
... & the citric acid cycle transfer their electrons to protein complexes in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion as the electrons are passed down the chain, energy is released that drives the transport of H+ ions into the intermembrane space the final electron acceptor in the ETC is O2, which is ...
... & the citric acid cycle transfer their electrons to protein complexes in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion as the electrons are passed down the chain, energy is released that drives the transport of H+ ions into the intermembrane space the final electron acceptor in the ETC is O2, which is ...
File
... Where Does the Energy Go? Each time the energy is released it is used to actively transport protons (H+) out of the matrix into the intermembrane space through pumps that are located in three of the carriers For NADH, 3 H+ ions get pumped out For FADH2, only two H+ ions are pumped out because ...
... Where Does the Energy Go? Each time the energy is released it is used to actively transport protons (H+) out of the matrix into the intermembrane space through pumps that are located in three of the carriers For NADH, 3 H+ ions get pumped out For FADH2, only two H+ ions are pumped out because ...
Practice Test - IHS AP Biology
... B) the oxidation of glucose and other organic compounds. C) the H+ concentration gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. D) the affinity of oxygen for electrons. E) the transfer of phosphate to ADP. ...
... B) the oxidation of glucose and other organic compounds. C) the H+ concentration gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. D) the affinity of oxygen for electrons. E) the transfer of phosphate to ADP. ...
CHAP NUM="9" ID="CH
... Figure 9.10 Conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA, the junction between glycolysis and the citric acid cycle. Pyruvate is a charged molecule, so in eukaryotic cells it must enter the mitochondrion via active transport, with the help of a transport protein. Next, a complex of several enzymes (the py ...
... Figure 9.10 Conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA, the junction between glycolysis and the citric acid cycle. Pyruvate is a charged molecule, so in eukaryotic cells it must enter the mitochondrion via active transport, with the help of a transport protein. Next, a complex of several enzymes (the py ...
AP Biology Study Guide Exam 2
... RELEASES ENERGY, AND IS EXERGONIC Reduction= removing oxygen, gaining hydrogen, gains electrons, stores energy, and is endergonic Electrons are carried by carrier molecules NAD+ and FAD+2 When reduced, NAD+= NADH, and FAD+2= FADH2 Four stages to cellular respiration: glycolysis, pyruvate oxi ...
... RELEASES ENERGY, AND IS EXERGONIC Reduction= removing oxygen, gaining hydrogen, gains electrons, stores energy, and is endergonic Electrons are carried by carrier molecules NAD+ and FAD+2 When reduced, NAD+= NADH, and FAD+2= FADH2 Four stages to cellular respiration: glycolysis, pyruvate oxi ...
Electron Transport Oxidative Phosphorylation Control
... Oxidative Phosphorylation Energy coupling (energy transduction) - free energy from electron transport chain utilized by proton-translocating ATP-synthase (Complex V) Energy coupling hypotheses: 1. The chemical coupling hypothesis - reactive intermediates drove oxidative phosphorylation 2. The confo ...
... Oxidative Phosphorylation Energy coupling (energy transduction) - free energy from electron transport chain utilized by proton-translocating ATP-synthase (Complex V) Energy coupling hypotheses: 1. The chemical coupling hypothesis - reactive intermediates drove oxidative phosphorylation 2. The confo ...
Cellular Respiration Check-in Questions: THESE Questions are
... a. The function of the citric acid cycle is oxidation of an acetyl group to CO2 with production of high-energy reduced compounds and ATP. b. The function of fermentation is to continue the oxidation of pyruvate in the absence of oxygen. c. The function of glycolysis is to begin catabolism by breakin ...
... a. The function of the citric acid cycle is oxidation of an acetyl group to CO2 with production of high-energy reduced compounds and ATP. b. The function of fermentation is to continue the oxidation of pyruvate in the absence of oxygen. c. The function of glycolysis is to begin catabolism by breakin ...
Energy Production
... through a series of electron carriers to O2 or other oxidized inorganic or organic molecules The sequence of electron carriers is called the electron transport chain The transfer of electrons from one carrier to the next generates energy which is used to make ATP from ADP ...
... through a series of electron carriers to O2 or other oxidized inorganic or organic molecules The sequence of electron carriers is called the electron transport chain The transfer of electrons from one carrier to the next generates energy which is used to make ATP from ADP ...
Study Guide - PEP 535 Exam#1
... What are the sources of protons during muscle contraction? What are the sources of proton buffering/utilization/removal in skeletal muscle? Is it correct to interpret lactate production as the cause of muscle acidosis? Why? Why does ATP hydrolysis release a proton? How would you explain the biochemi ...
... What are the sources of protons during muscle contraction? What are the sources of proton buffering/utilization/removal in skeletal muscle? Is it correct to interpret lactate production as the cause of muscle acidosis? Why? Why does ATP hydrolysis release a proton? How would you explain the biochemi ...
Electron transport chains in mitochondria
... mononucleotide (FMN, a coenzyme structurally related to FAD) that accepts the two hydrogen atoms ( 2 H + and 2 e- ) becoming FMNH2. NADH dehydrogenase also contains several iron atoms paired with sulfur atoms to make iron-sulfur centers . These are necessary for the transfer of the hydrogen atoms to ...
... mononucleotide (FMN, a coenzyme structurally related to FAD) that accepts the two hydrogen atoms ( 2 H + and 2 e- ) becoming FMNH2. NADH dehydrogenase also contains several iron atoms paired with sulfur atoms to make iron-sulfur centers . These are necessary for the transfer of the hydrogen atoms to ...
Name: Date: 1. The is the source of most of the cellular energy. A
... 8. ____________ provide(s) both structural support and the enzymes needed to make proteins from amino acid building blocks. A) ...
... 8. ____________ provide(s) both structural support and the enzymes needed to make proteins from amino acid building blocks. A) ...
passive active transport word sort
... out of the cell From hypertonic To hypotonic This is why desalination uses so much electricity to remove salt from ...
... out of the cell From hypertonic To hypotonic This is why desalination uses so much electricity to remove salt from ...
Cellular Respiration NOTES
... Cellular respiration converts the energy stored in the bonds of the glucose into energy in ATP. Why is it important? – all living organisms need to convert the energy in the food they eat (or in the case of plants in the food they produce through photosynthesis) into a form of energy that is easy to ...
... Cellular respiration converts the energy stored in the bonds of the glucose into energy in ATP. Why is it important? – all living organisms need to convert the energy in the food they eat (or in the case of plants in the food they produce through photosynthesis) into a form of energy that is easy to ...
document
... is made to occur in many small steps. This allows the energy to be stored rather than released as heat. Electron transport involves a respiratory chain (or electron transport chain). Respiratory chain consists of protein pumps that harness energy from electron transfer to perform work. Electrons ult ...
... is made to occur in many small steps. This allows the energy to be stored rather than released as heat. Electron transport involves a respiratory chain (or electron transport chain). Respiratory chain consists of protein pumps that harness energy from electron transfer to perform work. Electrons ult ...
Chapter 4 Cellular Respiration
... NADH and FADH2 from Krebs Cycle are pumped by electron energy across the inner membrane (cristae) ...
... NADH and FADH2 from Krebs Cycle are pumped by electron energy across the inner membrane (cristae) ...
Oxidative phosphorylation
Oxidative phosphorylation (or OXPHOS in short) is the metabolic pathway in which the mitochondria in cells use their structure, enzymes, and energy released by the oxidation of nutrients to reform ATP. Although the many forms of life on earth use a range of different nutrients, ATP is the molecule that supplies energy to metabolism. Almost all aerobic organisms carry out oxidative phosphorylation. This pathway is probably so pervasive because it is a highly efficient way of releasing energy, compared to alternative fermentation processes such as anaerobic glycolysis.During oxidative phosphorylation, electrons are transferred from electron donors to electron acceptors such as oxygen, in redox reactions. These redox reactions release energy, which is used to form ATP. In eukaryotes, these redox reactions are carried out by a series of protein complexes within the inner membrane of the cell's mitochondria, whereas, in prokaryotes, these proteins are located in the cells' intermembrane space. These linked sets of proteins are called electron transport chains. In eukaryotes, five main protein complexes are involved, whereas in prokaryotes many different enzymes are present, using a variety of electron donors and acceptors.The energy released by electrons flowing through this electron transport chain is used to transport protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, in a process called electron transport. This generates potential energy in the form of a pH gradient and an electrical potential across this membrane. This store of energy is tapped by allowing protons to flow back across the membrane and down this gradient, through a large enzyme called ATP synthase; this process is known as chemiosmosis. This enzyme uses this energy to generate ATP from adenosine diphosphate (ADP), in a phosphorylation reaction. This reaction is driven by the proton flow, which forces the rotation of a part of the enzyme; the ATP synthase is a rotary mechanical motor.Although oxidative phosphorylation is a vital part of metabolism, it produces reactive oxygen species such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, which lead to propagation of free radicals, damaging cells and contributing to disease and, possibly, aging (senescence). The enzymes carrying out this metabolic pathway are also the target of many drugs and poisons that inhibit their activities.