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Ch23_PT MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best
... 22) Steps 1-5 of glycolysis are referred to as the "energy investment" portion of the process because these steps A) produce NADH which is less energy-rich than ATP. B) generate waste products which cost ATP for disposal. C) consume ATP instead of producing it. D) involve several endergonic isomeriz ...
... 22) Steps 1-5 of glycolysis are referred to as the "energy investment" portion of the process because these steps A) produce NADH which is less energy-rich than ATP. B) generate waste products which cost ATP for disposal. C) consume ATP instead of producing it. D) involve several endergonic isomeriz ...
doc Midterm 2001. Bio 201
... liver cell membranes has a Km of 5 mM, entry of glucose into liver will a) be saturated at normal blood gluose concentrations b) be faster at normal blood glucose concentrations than in normal people c) be proportional to the concentration of blood glucose d) be slower at normal blood glucose concen ...
... liver cell membranes has a Km of 5 mM, entry of glucose into liver will a) be saturated at normal blood gluose concentrations b) be faster at normal blood glucose concentrations than in normal people c) be proportional to the concentration of blood glucose d) be slower at normal blood glucose concen ...
BIOTECHNOLOGY B.Sc. Semester III
... 1. *Isolation of RNA from bacteria. 2. *Determination of Vmax and Km for α-amylase. 3. Effect of different concentration of metal ions on activity of α-amylase enzyme. 4. Effect of pH on enzyme activity. 5. Assay of activity of β-galactosidase. 6. Isolation of mitochondria and assay of marker enzyme ...
... 1. *Isolation of RNA from bacteria. 2. *Determination of Vmax and Km for α-amylase. 3. Effect of different concentration of metal ions on activity of α-amylase enzyme. 4. Effect of pH on enzyme activity. 5. Assay of activity of β-galactosidase. 6. Isolation of mitochondria and assay of marker enzyme ...
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... Although some cells are highly dependent on glycolysis for the generation of ATP, the amount of ATP generated per glucose molecule is actually quite small. Under anaerobic conditions, the metabolism of each glucose molecule yields only two ATPs. In contrast, the complete aerobic metabolism of glucos ...
... Although some cells are highly dependent on glycolysis for the generation of ATP, the amount of ATP generated per glucose molecule is actually quite small. Under anaerobic conditions, the metabolism of each glucose molecule yields only two ATPs. In contrast, the complete aerobic metabolism of glucos ...
Macromolecule Lecture
... structural framework of cells and play a critical role in energy storage • A carbohydrate is any molecule that contains the elements C, H, and O in a 1:2:1 ratio • The sizes of carbohydrates varies – simple carbohydrates—consist of one or two ...
... structural framework of cells and play a critical role in energy storage • A carbohydrate is any molecule that contains the elements C, H, and O in a 1:2:1 ratio • The sizes of carbohydrates varies – simple carbohydrates—consist of one or two ...
2007
... CH2OPO3H218. [2] Gluconeogenesis shares some, but not all, enzymes with the glycolytic pathway. It would appear to be more efficient if both pathways used all of the same enzymes since the pathways are essentially the reverse of each other. Why don’t both pathways use all of the same enzymes? A) The ...
... CH2OPO3H218. [2] Gluconeogenesis shares some, but not all, enzymes with the glycolytic pathway. It would appear to be more efficient if both pathways used all of the same enzymes since the pathways are essentially the reverse of each other. Why don’t both pathways use all of the same enzymes? A) The ...
Lecture 33
... The activities of PFK-1 and FBPase-1 are regulated by the allosteric effectors AMP, citrate and fructose-2,6-bisphosphate (F-2,6-BP), but in a reciprocal manner. Reciprocal regulation refers to the fact that the same regulatory molecule has opposite effects on two enzymes that control a shared step ...
... The activities of PFK-1 and FBPase-1 are regulated by the allosteric effectors AMP, citrate and fructose-2,6-bisphosphate (F-2,6-BP), but in a reciprocal manner. Reciprocal regulation refers to the fact that the same regulatory molecule has opposite effects on two enzymes that control a shared step ...
21_Pentose phosphate pathway of carbohydrates metabolism
... • In erythrocytes, the pathway has a major function in preventing hemolysis by providing NADPH to maintain glutathione in the reduced state as the substrate for glutathione peroxidase. • The uronic acid pathway is the source of glucuronic acid for conjugation of many endogenous and exogenous substan ...
... • In erythrocytes, the pathway has a major function in preventing hemolysis by providing NADPH to maintain glutathione in the reduced state as the substrate for glutathione peroxidase. • The uronic acid pathway is the source of glucuronic acid for conjugation of many endogenous and exogenous substan ...
PG1005 Lecture 11 Glycolysis
... • Due to persistence in ring structure relative to other carbohydrate, does not modify protein structure (carbonyl-amino group Schiff base)? • The chemical structure is such that its successive oxidation yields high energy electrons that can be harnessed to drive ATP synthesis in an energy efficie ...
... • Due to persistence in ring structure relative to other carbohydrate, does not modify protein structure (carbonyl-amino group Schiff base)? • The chemical structure is such that its successive oxidation yields high energy electrons that can be harnessed to drive ATP synthesis in an energy efficie ...
1 Respiration efficiency Respiration summary
... synthesized based on amino acids – glutamine plays a key role in the synthesis of purines – both glutamine and aspartate are precursors to pyrimidines ...
... synthesized based on amino acids – glutamine plays a key role in the synthesis of purines – both glutamine and aspartate are precursors to pyrimidines ...
Macromolecules
... acids together toAmino Side make proteins The process is called dehydration synthesis Peptide bonds form to hold the amino acids together ...
... acids together toAmino Side make proteins The process is called dehydration synthesis Peptide bonds form to hold the amino acids together ...
pptx
... Abnormal lactate buildup (mitochondrial disease) Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex • E1 - (thiamine dependent) and subunits, 2 2 tetramer • E2 - monomer (lipoate dependent) • E3 - dimer (riboflavin dependent) common to KGDH and BCαKDH • X protein - lipoate dependent • Pyruvate dehydrogenase phos ...
... Abnormal lactate buildup (mitochondrial disease) Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex • E1 - (thiamine dependent) and subunits, 2 2 tetramer • E2 - monomer (lipoate dependent) • E3 - dimer (riboflavin dependent) common to KGDH and BCαKDH • X protein - lipoate dependent • Pyruvate dehydrogenase phos ...
Exam 2
... B. Which step(s) explain why this pump establishes sodium and potassium gradients rather than allowing the ions to flow in the passive direction? ...
... B. Which step(s) explain why this pump establishes sodium and potassium gradients rather than allowing the ions to flow in the passive direction? ...
Problem Set 3 (Due February 4th) 1. In 1896, Christiaan Eijkman
... c. What provides the energy for GTP synthesis? Hydrolysis of the thioester d. We often say that ATP is generated in this step. How can we make this statement when it is not part of the overall chemical reaction? Substrate Level Phoshporylation – GTP readily phosphorylates ADP 4. Oxaloacetate can by ...
... c. What provides the energy for GTP synthesis? Hydrolysis of the thioester d. We often say that ATP is generated in this step. How can we make this statement when it is not part of the overall chemical reaction? Substrate Level Phoshporylation – GTP readily phosphorylates ADP 4. Oxaloacetate can by ...
Review for Wilson and Hu: Chemical Reviews, Enzyme
... glutamate and other brain amino acids (Anal. Chem., 72 (4), 865 -871, 2000.) How do these response times compare to different sensor responses used for making measurements in the brain? 17) What are the advantages to obtaining samples from tissues with microdialysis probes? 18) Patients in intensive ...
... glutamate and other brain amino acids (Anal. Chem., 72 (4), 865 -871, 2000.) How do these response times compare to different sensor responses used for making measurements in the brain? 17) What are the advantages to obtaining samples from tissues with microdialysis probes? 18) Patients in intensive ...
Fatty Acid Synthesis
... wine per week. When she discontinued alcohol, her triglycerides dropped to 2 mM and her cholesterol to 193 mg/dL. Three years later, she is your patient, presenting with an enlarged liver and high blood lipid levels. Liver biopsy indicated infiltration of the liver cells ...
... wine per week. When she discontinued alcohol, her triglycerides dropped to 2 mM and her cholesterol to 193 mg/dL. Three years later, she is your patient, presenting with an enlarged liver and high blood lipid levels. Liver biopsy indicated infiltration of the liver cells ...
Ch 18 reading guide
... 6. Which cofactor is necessary for the decarboxylation? 7. Which cofactor is involved in redox and also forms a thioester? 8. In the process, FAD is reduced to _____________ as lipoamide is reoxidized. In turn, _______________ is reoxidized to FAD as NAD+ is reduced to ________________. 9. Which cof ...
... 6. Which cofactor is necessary for the decarboxylation? 7. Which cofactor is involved in redox and also forms a thioester? 8. In the process, FAD is reduced to _____________ as lipoamide is reoxidized. In turn, _______________ is reoxidized to FAD as NAD+ is reduced to ________________. 9. Which cof ...
Biochemistry Note
... C) Polysaccharides (complex carbohydrates) - contain many glucose units and a few other monosaccharides strung together as long chains called polysaccharides - polysaccharides are insoluble and very large, therefore when eaten, reactions in the digestive system break everything down to glucose molec ...
... C) Polysaccharides (complex carbohydrates) - contain many glucose units and a few other monosaccharides strung together as long chains called polysaccharides - polysaccharides are insoluble and very large, therefore when eaten, reactions in the digestive system break everything down to glucose molec ...
Examination III Key
... carbons in α-ketoglutarate (without having to go through any other pathways in intermediary or carbohydrate metabolism.) For each of the amino acids you list, indicate which category the synthetic pathway length belongs in, choosing only from these three categories of length (in terms of number of s ...
... carbons in α-ketoglutarate (without having to go through any other pathways in intermediary or carbohydrate metabolism.) For each of the amino acids you list, indicate which category the synthetic pathway length belongs in, choosing only from these three categories of length (in terms of number of s ...
The Citric acid cycle - University of Houston
... Gluconeogenesis is the process whereby precursors such as lactate, pyruvate, glycerol, and amino acids are converted to glucose. Fasting requires all the glucose to be synthesized from these non-carbohydrate precursors. Most precursors must enter the Krebs cycle at some point to be converted to oxal ...
... Gluconeogenesis is the process whereby precursors such as lactate, pyruvate, glycerol, and amino acids are converted to glucose. Fasting requires all the glucose to be synthesized from these non-carbohydrate precursors. Most precursors must enter the Krebs cycle at some point to be converted to oxal ...
Exam 3
... B. An uncoupler will cause NADH levels to build up to high concentration. C. Adding an uncoupler will cause ATP synthesis by the ATP synthase to slow or stop. D. When an uncoupler is added, oxygen will continue to be reduced to water. ...
... B. An uncoupler will cause NADH levels to build up to high concentration. C. Adding an uncoupler will cause ATP synthesis by the ATP synthase to slow or stop. D. When an uncoupler is added, oxygen will continue to be reduced to water. ...
Pathways of Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism Glycolysis • Is the
... Hexokinase is inhibited by its production of glucose 6-phosphate Phospho-frucktokinase-1 activity is dependent on ATP, AMP and the energy state of the cell Pyruvate kinase is activated by AMP, fructose 1,6-bisphsphate and inhibited by ATP and acetyl-CoA • Glycolysis is important in cancer targ ...
... Hexokinase is inhibited by its production of glucose 6-phosphate Phospho-frucktokinase-1 activity is dependent on ATP, AMP and the energy state of the cell Pyruvate kinase is activated by AMP, fructose 1,6-bisphsphate and inhibited by ATP and acetyl-CoA • Glycolysis is important in cancer targ ...
Prof. Kamakaka`s Lecture 12 Notes
... Cleavage of thiol energy bond and release of CoA is coupled to formation of GTP PO4 nucleophilic attack on succinyl CoA releasing CoA. His cleaves PO4 off of succinate. PO4 transfers from His(enzyme) to GDP forming GTP ...
... Cleavage of thiol energy bond and release of CoA is coupled to formation of GTP PO4 nucleophilic attack on succinyl CoA releasing CoA. His cleaves PO4 off of succinate. PO4 transfers from His(enzyme) to GDP forming GTP ...
AP Biology Chapter 5 Notes
... You are welcome to write your notes in a notebook as well but this sheet will be due in your binders at the end of each unit. Your book research must say something different then the classroom notes unless boxes are merged. ...
... You are welcome to write your notes in a notebook as well but this sheet will be due in your binders at the end of each unit. Your book research must say something different then the classroom notes unless boxes are merged. ...
Glyceroneogenesis
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Glycerol-3-phosphate.png?width=300)
Glyceroneogenesis is a metabolic pathway which synthesizes glycerol 3-phosphate or triglyceride from precursors other than glucose. Usually glycerol 3-phosphate is generated from glucose by glycolysis, but when glucose concentration drops in the cytosol, it is generated by another pathway called glyceroneogenesis. Glyceroneogenesis uses pyruvate, alanine, glutamine or any substances from the TCA cycle as precursors for glycerol 3-phophate. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPC-K), which is an enzyme that catalyses the decarboxylation of oxaloacetate to phosphoenolpyruvate is the main regulator for this pathway. Glyceroneogenesis can be observed in adipose tissue and also liver. It is a significant biochemical pathway which regulates cytosolic lipid levels. Intense suppression of glyceroneogenesis may lead to metabolic disorder such as type 2 diabetes.