Glycolysis and the Catabolism of Hexoses
... • Much more active in adipose tissue than in muscle. • The reverse of this rearrangement, regeneration of six five-carbon sugar phosphate from five sixcarbon sugar phosphate occurs in the Calvin cycle (for photosynthetic fixation of CO2 in plants). ...
... • Much more active in adipose tissue than in muscle. • The reverse of this rearrangement, regeneration of six five-carbon sugar phosphate from five sixcarbon sugar phosphate occurs in the Calvin cycle (for photosynthetic fixation of CO2 in plants). ...
Nuclear Chemistry
... The fourth step is the six-carbon sugar fructose-1,6-diphosphate is split into two threecarbon compounds, dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphae, catalyzed by the enzyme aldolase. ...
... The fourth step is the six-carbon sugar fructose-1,6-diphosphate is split into two threecarbon compounds, dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphae, catalyzed by the enzyme aldolase. ...
Regulation of Metabolism
... • Average daily turnover for carbohydrates is 250 g/day. • Some glucose is reused to form glycogen. • Only need about 150 g/day. • Average daily turnover for protein is 150 g/day. • Some protein may be reused for protein synthesis. • Only need 35 g/day. • 9 essential amino acids. • Average daily tur ...
... • Average daily turnover for carbohydrates is 250 g/day. • Some glucose is reused to form glycogen. • Only need about 150 g/day. • Average daily turnover for protein is 150 g/day. • Some protein may be reused for protein synthesis. • Only need 35 g/day. • 9 essential amino acids. • Average daily tur ...
Glycolysis Citric Acid Cycle Krebs Cycle Oxidative
... no ATP produced; makes NAD+ needed for glycolysis to continue Part of the Cori Cycle at right ...
... no ATP produced; makes NAD+ needed for glycolysis to continue Part of the Cori Cycle at right ...
Nerve activates contraction
... from body cells to the liver for breakdown; are increased by exercise, and limited coffee, smoking, and saturated fats/trans fats Healthy Ratios in the Blood • Total Cholesterol/HDL < 5 ...
... from body cells to the liver for breakdown; are increased by exercise, and limited coffee, smoking, and saturated fats/trans fats Healthy Ratios in the Blood • Total Cholesterol/HDL < 5 ...
Additional Study Questions for Fuel Metabolism Lectures
... hormonal signals presented by leptin, ghrelin, PYY3-36 and insulin. When answering this question, state from which organs the peptides originate and their specific effects on the NPY/AgRP and POMC/CART neurons. Also describe how the neuropeptides secreted by these neurons affect food intake and ener ...
... hormonal signals presented by leptin, ghrelin, PYY3-36 and insulin. When answering this question, state from which organs the peptides originate and their specific effects on the NPY/AgRP and POMC/CART neurons. Also describe how the neuropeptides secreted by these neurons affect food intake and ener ...
Metabolism of fatty acids in tissues and organs of the ruminants
... in milk and meat of the ruminants [Brzozowska and Oprządek 2013]. However, lipids absorbed in the small intestine are transported to different tissues and organs of an animal (inter alia, liver, adipose tissue, muscles and mammary gland) where the fatty acids are subjected to further metabolic modif ...
... in milk and meat of the ruminants [Brzozowska and Oprządek 2013]. However, lipids absorbed in the small intestine are transported to different tissues and organs of an animal (inter alia, liver, adipose tissue, muscles and mammary gland) where the fatty acids are subjected to further metabolic modif ...
Metabolism
... The bottom line for beta-oxidation of stearic acid (C18:0) 20 ATP from 8 NADH 12 ATP from 12 FADH2 9 acetyl coA’s through the citric acid cycle: 9 GTP, 67.5 ATP from 27 NADH and 13.5 ATP from 9 FADH2 Minus 2 ATP to start beta oxidation: 120 ATP Fat burns in a flame of carbohydrate Carbohydrate is ne ...
... The bottom line for beta-oxidation of stearic acid (C18:0) 20 ATP from 8 NADH 12 ATP from 12 FADH2 9 acetyl coA’s through the citric acid cycle: 9 GTP, 67.5 ATP from 27 NADH and 13.5 ATP from 9 FADH2 Minus 2 ATP to start beta oxidation: 120 ATP Fat burns in a flame of carbohydrate Carbohydrate is ne ...
Activity 6
... 11. In addition to the effects in Questions 6 and 9, there is another effect of ATP on this reaction. It is an inhibitor of the enzyme hexookinase which is the catalyst for the reaction. Is thi ...
... 11. In addition to the effects in Questions 6 and 9, there is another effect of ATP on this reaction. It is an inhibitor of the enzyme hexookinase which is the catalyst for the reaction. Is thi ...
Lecture 33 Carbohydrates1
... carboxylation reaction converting pyruvate to oxaloacetate using a reaction mechanism involving a biotinyl "swinging arm" and ATP hydrolysis. Pyruvate carboxylase is dependent on allosteric activation by acetyl CoA. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) – is localized to either the mitochondrial ...
... carboxylation reaction converting pyruvate to oxaloacetate using a reaction mechanism involving a biotinyl "swinging arm" and ATP hydrolysis. Pyruvate carboxylase is dependent on allosteric activation by acetyl CoA. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) – is localized to either the mitochondrial ...
Regulation of fatty acid oxidation in cells
... ketone bodies are also made from acetyl-CoA derived from the catabolism of some amino acids and pyruvate oxidation, representing perhaps 10-18% of the amount made from fatty acids [14]. T h e oxidation of one molecule of palmitate to eight acetyl-CoA molecules consumes 14 atoms of oxygen, whereas it ...
... ketone bodies are also made from acetyl-CoA derived from the catabolism of some amino acids and pyruvate oxidation, representing perhaps 10-18% of the amount made from fatty acids [14]. T h e oxidation of one molecule of palmitate to eight acetyl-CoA molecules consumes 14 atoms of oxygen, whereas it ...
生物化學小考(一) 範圍ch1~ch4
... (A) Amylose is unbranched; amylopectin and glycogen contain many (α-1,6) branches. (B) Both are homopolymers of glucose. (C) Both serve primarily as structural elements in cell walls. (D) Both starch and glycogen are stored intracellularly as insoluble granules. (E) Glycogen is more extensively bran ...
... (A) Amylose is unbranched; amylopectin and glycogen contain many (α-1,6) branches. (B) Both are homopolymers of glucose. (C) Both serve primarily as structural elements in cell walls. (D) Both starch and glycogen are stored intracellularly as insoluble granules. (E) Glycogen is more extensively bran ...
printed handout sheets
... which regulate gene expression. There may be literally thousands of these proteins, which are themselves expressed in a tissue selective fashion. We only have time to mention a few representative examples. PPAR-, PPAR-, CREB, NRF1 and PGC1 act in a combinatorial manner and have particular signific ...
... which regulate gene expression. There may be literally thousands of these proteins, which are themselves expressed in a tissue selective fashion. We only have time to mention a few representative examples. PPAR-, PPAR-, CREB, NRF1 and PGC1 act in a combinatorial manner and have particular signific ...
very new glucogen me..
... Any substance can join to common pathway of gluconeogenesis is glycogenic ...
... Any substance can join to common pathway of gluconeogenesis is glycogenic ...
Key Terms:
... continuous running of glycolysis will use up all of your NAD+ need a means to NADH NAD+ Fermentation Purpose is to get rid of NADH to allow glycolysis to continue 1) alcoholic fermentation pyruvate ethanol & CO2 in plants and fungi (like yeasts) both ethanol and CO2 are useful byproducts 2) lact ...
... continuous running of glycolysis will use up all of your NAD+ need a means to NADH NAD+ Fermentation Purpose is to get rid of NADH to allow glycolysis to continue 1) alcoholic fermentation pyruvate ethanol & CO2 in plants and fungi (like yeasts) both ethanol and CO2 are useful byproducts 2) lact ...
Block 1 Unit 2 Objectives Bone Tissue Objectives List and describe
... The procartilage will secrete a cartilage matrix. 4. Integrate the characteristics of individual components of CT to the structure and function of Cartilage 5. Morphology fits function for the three types of cartilage. Hyaline cartilage is used as a lubricant and as such is high in proteoglycans and ...
... The procartilage will secrete a cartilage matrix. 4. Integrate the characteristics of individual components of CT to the structure and function of Cartilage 5. Morphology fits function for the three types of cartilage. Hyaline cartilage is used as a lubricant and as such is high in proteoglycans and ...
Chem331 Krebs Cycle
... Think of why this is a cycle vs. pathway - not because it is written that way. Oxaloacetate - only a small amount is needed - catalytic role Anapleurotic - “filling up” cycle can be used as entry and exit for production of other essential metabolites The TCA ...
... Think of why this is a cycle vs. pathway - not because it is written that way. Oxaloacetate - only a small amount is needed - catalytic role Anapleurotic - “filling up” cycle can be used as entry and exit for production of other essential metabolites The TCA ...
SMU-DDE-Assignments-Scheme of Evaluation PROGRAM Bachelor
... rate of their use, their levels begin to rise in the bloodketonemia and eventually in the urine- ketonuria. These two conditions are seen most often in cases of uncontrolled, type I diabetes mellitus. In such individuals, high fatty acid degradation produces excessive amounts of acetyl CoA. It also ...
... rate of their use, their levels begin to rise in the bloodketonemia and eventually in the urine- ketonuria. These two conditions are seen most often in cases of uncontrolled, type I diabetes mellitus. In such individuals, high fatty acid degradation produces excessive amounts of acetyl CoA. It also ...
physiology – metabolism
... C. Ketone bodies accumulates as entry of acetic acid into the Kreb cycle is reduced D. In intracellular glucose depletion, fatty liver results E. Carbohydrate is antiketogenic 20. Ketosis occurs during: A. Starvation B. Diabetes mellitus C. High fat, low carbohydrate diet D. All of the above E. None ...
... C. Ketone bodies accumulates as entry of acetic acid into the Kreb cycle is reduced D. In intracellular glucose depletion, fatty liver results E. Carbohydrate is antiketogenic 20. Ketosis occurs during: A. Starvation B. Diabetes mellitus C. High fat, low carbohydrate diet D. All of the above E. None ...
Option A: Human nutrition and health (15 hours)
... • Give 2 examples of essential amino acids • Give 2 examples of essential fatty acids • Give 2 examples of essential minerals • Give 2 examples of essential Vitamins • Why is water so important in the diet? • What are non-essential amino acids? • Give 2 examples of non-essential aminoacids. A.1.3 St ...
... • Give 2 examples of essential amino acids • Give 2 examples of essential fatty acids • Give 2 examples of essential minerals • Give 2 examples of essential Vitamins • Why is water so important in the diet? • What are non-essential amino acids? • Give 2 examples of non-essential aminoacids. A.1.3 St ...
Glyceroneogenesis
Glyceroneogenesis is a metabolic pathway which synthesizes glycerol 3-phosphate or triglyceride from precursors other than glucose. Usually glycerol 3-phosphate is generated from glucose by glycolysis, but when glucose concentration drops in the cytosol, it is generated by another pathway called glyceroneogenesis. Glyceroneogenesis uses pyruvate, alanine, glutamine or any substances from the TCA cycle as precursors for glycerol 3-phophate. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPC-K), which is an enzyme that catalyses the decarboxylation of oxaloacetate to phosphoenolpyruvate is the main regulator for this pathway. Glyceroneogenesis can be observed in adipose tissue and also liver. It is a significant biochemical pathway which regulates cytosolic lipid levels. Intense suppression of glyceroneogenesis may lead to metabolic disorder such as type 2 diabetes.