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Chapter 35
The Nervous System
Question of the day
• What degenerative
nerve disease is
named after a famous
baseball player?
• Lou Gehrig’s Disease
• A.K.A. - ALS
• Attacks nerve cells
and kills them
• Over time a person is
unable to move
•
Ch. 35 Essential Questions
• How does a Neuron
work?
• What is
homeostasis?
• What are the main
parts of the brain?
• How does each
function?
• What are the 5
senses?
• How do drugs affect
the nervous system?
35-1 Homeostasis
• Humans maintain a
specific condition
• They keep a static
internal environment
• One that doesn’t
change
• HOMEOSTASIS
• What is the same?
• Body Temp
35-2 Nervous System
• Start little
• Smallest piece is a
NEURON
• Parts of a Neuron:
• Cell Body (w/Nucleus)
• Axon - string to other
neurons
• Dendrites - fingers/
branches
• Myelin Sheath - cover
for axon
• Terminals - branches
to other neurons
How a Neuron transmits a signal
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•
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•
•
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Need a stimulus - starts:
Sodium - Potassium Pump
Just like ETC
Na+ gets pushed out,
Creates a negative potential
Signal follows neg. potential
down axon
• To synapse where it
transfers to another neuron
Neurotransmitters
• Things that move a
nerve impulse from
1 neuron to another
35-3 Big Nervous System
• Central Nervous
System
• Starts with your
Brain
• Includes Spinal
Cord
• Peripheral nerves
(in appendages)
Parts of Your Brain
• Cerebrum - contains all
the lobes (main part)
• Cerebellum - back part
• Brain Stem - spinal cord
• Meninges - fluid that
protects brain
35-4 The Senses
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•
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•
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5 Main Senses
Vision
Hearing & Balance
Smell
Taste
Touch
Question of the day
• What kind of
animals see at
night?
• Nocturnal
• What part of their
eye is most
developed?
• Rods - sensitive to
light and motion
• Cones - color
sensitive
Vision
• Helps sense light
& Color
• Rods
• Cones
• Parts of Eye
• Cornea
• Pupil
• Lens
• Retina
• Optic Nerve
Hearing
• Also has to do with
balance
• Sound waves hit
Tympanum
• Vibrations cause
cochlear nerve to
move
• Sends info to
Temporal Lobe for
interpretation
• Need to pop ears • Clearing out
Eustachian tubes
Smell & Taste
• The two are connected
• Smell - also called
Olfactory
• Helps sense 1000s of
smells & tastes
• Connected to your parietal
lobe
• Sinuses - Nose
• Tongue - Mouth
• Salivary Glands
Touch
• Has to do with the
integumentary
system
• Or your skin
• Hair & nerves on skin
sense pressure
• Can feel:
• Temperature
• Pain
• Wind or other
stimulus
Is there a 6th sense?
• Synthesia
• A condition where
2 senses fuse
together
• Gives the person
rare ability to feel
a different sense
• http://www.cbsnew
s.com/stories/200
2/01/08/60II/main3
23596.shtml
What Drugs Do to Your Brain
• STIMULANTS
• Increase Blood Pressure, heart
& breathing rate
• Release neurotransmitters in
brain
• When over, user comes down
off high
• Cocaine, Caffeine,
Amphetamines
• DEPRESSANTS
• Opposite of stimulants
• Slows down heart, lungs, etc.
• Tranquilizers, alcohol
• OPIATES
• Pain Relievers, like depressants
• Morphine, Codeine
Feeling Nervous?
What makes you
nervous?
How do you deal
with nerves?