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Transcript
Unit 4 Biological Bases of Psychology “Everything psychological is simultaneously biological.” Phineas Gage video Phrenology • Study of bumps • Focused attention to certain areas of the brain has certain functions Neuron • Fundamental building block of nervous system • Cell body • Receives messages from the dendrites • Dendrites • Communicates the nervous signal from the tips of the neuron to the cell body • Axon • Fiber that communicates the signal down the neuron and away from the cell body Neuron • Myelin sheath • Fat based insulation around the axon • Multiple Sclerosis (MS) • Caused by a deterioration of the myelin sheath • Results in loss of controlling muscle movement Action Potential • Brief electrical impulse by which information is transmitted along the axon of a neuron • Communication within a single neuron • Threshold • Level of stimulation needed to trigger a neural response • All-or-none Response • Neuron’s reaction of either firing or not • Can fire more or more often but not faster or harder • video Synapse • Gap between nerve cells or a nerve cell and a muscle • video
