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Transcript
HISD Elementary Science Internal Forces Unit Connections Water and wind usually cause changes to the Earth’s surface slowly, but plate movement causes changes quickly. How can plates pushing together change the Earth’s surface? How can plates pulling apart change the Earth’s surface? How can plates sliding past each other cause changes the Earth’s surface? Misconceptions Volcanoes are randomly located across the earth’s surface. Fact: The majority of volcanoes are located along tectonic plate boundaries. “Ring of Fire” is the name given to an area along the border of the Pacific Plate with a high concentration of volcanoes. Earthquakes happen randomly across the earth’s surface. Fact: As with volcanoes, most of the world’s seismic activity is associated with tectonic plate boundaries and fault lines. Only continents move. Fact: Tectonic plates are composed of oceanic crust and thicker continental crust, and move as a whole. Plate motion is rapid. Fact: The relative movement of the plates typically varies from zero to 100 mm annually. Ocean tides move the Earth’s tectonic plates. Fact: The internal heat of the Earth causes the plates to move. Concept & Processes & Skills Natural forces can cause changes in landforms such as mountains, plateaus, canyons, and cliffs. Some changes in the Earth’s surface are a result of plate tectonics. Movement of the plates, resulting in earthquakes and volcanoes, can cause rapid changes to the earth’s surface. Destructive natural forces include moving water, wind, rain, glaciers, and earthquakes. Constructive natural forces include deposition, plate movement, and volcanoes. Graphic Cues Do not focus on terms Student Outcomes Explain the relationship between plate tectonics and earthquakes and volcanoes. Where do most volcanoes happen? Why? Where do most earthquakes happen? Why? What are tectonic plates? What do they do? How can we describe the Earth’s crust? Identify how earthquakes change the surface of the Earth. Do earthquakes cause slow or rapid changes? Why? What happens to the crust during an earthquake? What happens to buildings and structures during an earthquake? Are all earthquakes the same? When do earthquakes happen? Identify how volcanoes change the surface of the Earth. Do volcanoes cause slow or rapid changes? Why? What happens to the crust during a volcanic eruption? What is lava/magma? What happens when lava cools? What does it form? How long does it take lava to cool? How long does it take for new land to form? Plate tectonics Earthquake Volcano Magma Lava Vocabulary Focus Key Vocabulary for the Week Rock layer Sedimentary rock Canyon Delta Mountain Hill Valley Plain Landform