Download unit 8: mendelian and human genetics

UNIT 8: MENDELIAN AND HUMAN GENETICS
Objectives
A)
Contrast phenotype and genotype, homozygous and heterozygous, dominant gene and recessive
gene, and haploid and diploid.
B)
Predict the inheritance of traits in offspring involving one pair of genes.
C)
Predict the inheritance of traits in offspring involving two pairs of genes.
D)
Use and explain the basic laws of probability as they apply to the science of genetics.
E)
Determine the genotypes of individuals shown in a pedigree and predict the likelihood that an
unknown person will be a certain genotype.
F)
Explain how sex is determined by the chromosome content of the sperm in humans.
G)
Predict the outcome of a cross involving sex linked genes.
Vocabulary List:
Allele, Dominant, Recessive, Co-dominance, Monohybrid cross
Genotype, Phenotype, Homozygous, Heterozygous, Dihybrid cross
GENETICS AND INHERITANCE SELF STUDY GUIDE
1)
From chapter 9 pages 173-176 titled "Mendel’s Legacy" be able to;
A) Briefly describe Gregor Mendel’s life in terms of his history and contribution to biology.
B) Be able to describe what plant Mendel worked with and what traits in that plant he observed and
experimented upon.
C) Explain “P”, “F1”, and “F2” generations.
2) From chapter 9 pages 177-178 titled "Mendel’s Results and Conclusions" be able to;
A) Explain what is meant by a “recessive” and a “dominant” trait.
B) Explain the “Law of Segregation” and “Law of Independent Assortment” .
C) Explain what effect independent assortment has on the species’ offspring.
3) From chapter 9 pages 178 titled "Support for Mendel’s Conclusions" be able to;
A) Define the term “allele”.
B) Contrast the term “allele” and “gene”.
4) From chapter 9 pages 180-181 titled "Genotype and Phenotype" and “Probability” be able to;
A) Contrast genotype and phenotype.
B) Explain what is meant by the phrase “ The organisms phenotype is the expression of its genotype”.
C) Contrast homozygous and heterozygous. Give examples of each.
D) Define the term probability.
E) Describe the formula for probability.
5) From chapter 9 pages 182-186 titled "Predicting Results of Monohybrid & Dihybrid Crosses” be able
to;
A)
Determine gametes and predict outcomes for monohybrid and dihybrid crosses.
B)
Demonstrate ability to use the Punnett Squares.
6) From chapter 12 pages 235-237 titled "Inheritance of traits” be able to;
A)
Explain how sex is determined in terms of chromosomes.
B)
Explain a “sex linked” trait. Give several examples.
C)
Explain a “sex influenced” trait. Give examples. (pg 245)
7) From chapter 12 pages 239-240 titled "Mutations” be able to;
A)
Contrast germ cell and somatic cell mutations.
B)
Explain chromosome mutation and contrast the four forms; deletion, inversion, translocation,
and non-disjunction.
C)
Explain gene mutation and how it differs from chromosome mutation.
8) From chapter 12 pages 241-246 titled "Genetic Traits and Disorders” be able to;
A)
Contrast single allele and multiple allele traits. Give examples of each.