Download DNA Introduction Questions

BIOLOGY 12: DNA Introduction QuestionsName:
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
1.
What are 2 main functions of DNA? (see p.40)
2.
Chromosomes do not just contain just DNA. There is other stuff too called histones. What
are histones, and what is their role?
3.
What is the difference between chromatin and DNA?
4.
What is the difference between chromatin and chromosomes?
Mader 10th Ed. p. 502-506
BIOLOGY 12: DNA Introduction QuestionsName:
5.
Name the two purines and two pyrimidines in DNA
Purine
Pyrimidine
6.
Think of a mnemonic or a trick that allows you to memorize which shapes are purines and
which are pyrimidines; which of these two groups contains A,T,C and/or G.
7.
In the following diagrams, label each nucleotide with its correct name.
Color the deoxyribose sugar blue. Color the purine rings yellow. Color the pyrimidine rings
orange.
8.
In the ladder structure of DNA, which type(s) of bonds form the “rungs” of the ladder:
Hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds or covalent bonds?
9.
Describe the 3 major steps involved in DNA replication.
Mader 10th Ed. p. 502-506
BIOLOGY 12: DNA Introduction QuestionsName:
10.
DNA replication is termed SEMICONSERVATIVE. Why?
11.
Compare and contract the structure of DNA with RNA. How are they the same? How are
they different?
12.
What did Rosalind Franklin contribute to the formation of the structure of DNA?
13.
How did Chargaff’s rule help scientists determine the structure of DNA?
14.
What molecules are represented in the diagram below by the letters X,W and Y?
15.
What is the role of Helicase?
16.
What is the role of DNA polymerase?
17.
What processes do the arrows indicate?
DNA
DNA
more DNA
mRNA
18.
Any organic compound which has a name ending in “ase” is a _____________________
19.
In the diagram at right, what is represented?
Mader 10th Ed. p. 502-506
BIOLOGY 12: DNA Introduction QuestionsName:
What do the dashed lines
show?
Is the circled structure
RNA, DNA, an amino acid,
a protein or a nucleotide?
Is the circled structure a
purine or a pyrimidine?
20.
DNA replication has three
basic steps. What are they?
21.
When DNA replicates, it
uses BOTH strands as
templates for the NEW
strands. Do the two NEW
strands join each other?
Explain.
22.
Name the enzymes used to
replicate DNA.
23.
Why is it that so few
mistakes are made when the
DNA is replicating? Give
TWO reasons.
24.
If a segment of DNA
consisted of 22% Adenine, what % is Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine?
25.
If a segment of DNA consisted of 17% Guanine, what % is Cytosine, Adenine, and Thymine?
26.
During DNA Replication, which strand is the template strand?
27.
During DNA replication, the nucleotides needed for the new strand just kind of “show up”.
Where do the new nucleotides come from?
28.
The two strands of DNA are “antiparallel”. What does antiparallel mean?
29.
What is one end of a DNA segment called a FIVE PRIME end ( 51) while the opposite end is
called a THREE PRIME ( 31) end?
30.
In the following diagram of DNA, label the A,T,C and G nucleotides, and show the 51 and 31
ends of the molecule. ( see p. 504)
Mader 10th Ed. p. 502-506
BIOLOGY 12: DNA Introduction QuestionsName:
Mader 10th Ed. p. 502-506
BIOLOGY 12: DNA Introduction QuestionsName:
Mader 10th Ed. p. 502-506
BIOLOGY 12: DNA Introduction QuestionsName:
Mader 10th Ed. p. 502-506