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Name _________________________________________ Date _________________________ 6 - ___ Social Studies Study Guide Ancient Rome Test on ____________________________ Study these facts, definitions and people! o Republic – a country where citizens elect their government officials. o Empire – areas that are ruled by one country. o Dictator – during the Roman Republic, dictators were appointed in times of crisis to serve for 6 months. o Twelve Tables – written laws that were engraved in stone and placed in the forum for all to read. o Julius Caesar – Military leader who was part of the first triumvirate. He later named himself dictator for life. He was loved by the Roman people, but assassinated by members of the senate who thought he wanted to become king. o Octavian/Augustus - The first emporer of Rome. Augustus (“highly respected”) made reforms to Rome that brought peace to the Roman people. o Patrician – the upper class in the Roman Republic. Patricians could serve in government. They voted for senators who supported the rights of Patricians. o Plebeian - merchants, farmers and artisans of Rome. Plebeians were citizens who could vote, but they could not serve in government in the Republic. o Triumvirate – leadership shared by 3 people. o Veto – to say “no” o gladiator – often slaves who fought in the colosseum for entertainment. o colosseum – a large arena in the center of Rome, where slaves fought each other to entertain the people o aqueduct – a system of pipes and arches that transported water to Rome. o tribunes, magistrates and senate – patricians who served as government officials. o tribunes: protected the rights of plebeians. o magistrates: judges o senate: elected officials who made laws o pax romana – 200 years of peace in the Roman Empire, brought on by reforms made by Augustus. **** How did the Greeks influence the Romans? **** What reforms were made by Augustus that resulted in the Pax Romana? **** Why did the Roman Republic eventually become an empire? What were the causes for the failure of the Republic? **** What elements of the Roman Republic and Roman Empire are still evident in our lives today?