Download Chapter 6 Heredity, Mitosis and Meiosis

Unit 4 Heredity and Meiosis
Study Guide
Test = Wednesday 2/8
Completing this study guide is NOT optional. It is a big part of your grade. Please see
me if you have questions or need help. Use the notes, journals, PowerPoint Notes labs,
worksheets, heredity reading packets, and if all else fails the book to help you find the
answers.
Vocabulary - Know these words and how they relate to each other (what does one
have to do with the other) (Use your vocabulary charts and heredity notes to create
your own definitions)
1. Gene : The sections of DNA that contain heredity information. They are passed
down from parent to offspring. Each gene has at least 2 forms or alleles. They
determine our traits like blond hair or chin shape).
2. Allele: These are forms of a trait. Each gene has different alleles. Alleles are
represented by a capital letter like B for a dominant trait or lower case letter like b
for recessive traits. Two alleles together make up a persons genotype – BB or Bb or
bb.
3. Heredity
4. Phenotype
5. Genotype
6. Characteristic
7. Trait
8. Homozygous
9. Heterozygous
10. Hybrid
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11. Purebred
Answer the following questions in complete sentences. Use vocabulary terms you
have learned and drawings to help explain. The more details and connections you
make the more credit you will receive – including extra credit. Staple extra papers
to this study guide if you need more space to answer.
12. In Mendel’s pea plants 1 trait was controlled by 1 gene that had only 2 forms
(alleles) which were either dominant or recessive. Give some examples where heredity
can be more complex than Mendel’s explanation (exceptions to Mendel’s rules).
(book 184 – 186, reading packet 2, and heredity notes)
13. What is the difference between a dominant and recessive trait? (heredity notes,
journals, and heredity reading packets) (Be sure to use alleles, genotypes, phenotypes,
and Mendel’s experiments to help you explain.)
14. Who was Mendel and what is he known for? (heredity notes, heredity reading
packets, book 174 -187) (Explain his experiments, what he worked with, and how he
studied traits)
15. What is the difference between asexual and sexual reproduction and why is meiosis
so important for sexual reproduction? (meiosis notes, book 188 -193) (be sure to answer
both parts and use examples)
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Brown eyes are dominant and represented by a “B”. Blue eyes are recessive and
represented by a “b”. Solve the following Punnett square question and use it to answer
the questions that follow. (heredity notes , journals, heredity reading packets, and
Punnett squares worksheets)
16. What would the genotypes be for the offspring of a heterozygous mother and a blue
eyed father? (draw a Punnett square below and use it to determine the possible genotypes
for all of the possible offspring)
17. What is the genotype of the mother?
18. What is the probability that an offspring would be homozygous dominant?
19. What are the possible phenotypes for the offspring?
20. Draw the chromosomes of fruit fly gametes as they meet and the egg is fertilized.
Write the number of chromosomes next to each cell (find the number of chromosomes in
question 21 use colors to show homologous pairs). (meiosis notes)
Fertilized Egg
Fruit Fly Sperm
Fruit Fly Egg
21. Fruit flies have a diploid number of 4 chromosomes or 2 homologous pairs. On the
next page draw what happens to the chromosomes in a fruit fly cell during mitosis and
then what happens when a fruit fly germ cell goes through meiosis to create haploid
gametes (“s” cells or reproductive cells). Draw clearly the chromosomes in each bubble
or cell. Use colors if it will help you make your drawings clear. Write the number of
chromosomes in each cell next to the cell. (book 188 -193 and meiosis and mitosis notes,
and meiosis flipbook) ANSWER THIS ON THE NEXT PAGE
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mitosis
Interphase
DNA
Replicated
meiosis
Prophase I
Prophase
Metaphase I
Metaphase
Anaphase I
Telophase I
Anaphase
Cytokinesis I
Prophase II
Telophase
Metaphase II
Anaphase II
Cytokinesis
Telophase II
Cytokinesis II
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