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Transcript
CONVERTING ENERGY PARTY DEFINITION WHO Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Process in which light energy is converted into organic molecules/chemical energy Process by which cells produce ATP from glucose Autotrophs (plants, some algae, some bacteria) ALL organisms Photo Phase WHAT “Light Dependent Reactions” Step 1: Chlorophyll is energized by the sun Step 2: Water molecules are split Step 3: More energy is trapped in ATP Step 4: Hydrogen is trapped by NADP Step 5: Oxygen is released to atmosphere when water is split Synthesis Phase WHERE RSVP Stage 1: Glycolysis can take place with or without oxygen glucose is broken down into 2 molecules of pyruvic acid (pyruvate) Uses 2 ATP molecules but produces 4 ATP molecules = a net gain of 2 ATPs Stage 2: if oxygen is present: Aerobic respiration Kreb’s Cycle & Electron Transport Chain “Dark Reactions” “Light Independent Reactions” Pyruvic acid is converted to CO2 & H20 36 molecules of ATP are formed from the products of this reaction Carbon Dioxide fixation – the transfer of carbon dioxide to organic compounds Total energy production aerobically is 38 ATP molecules Calvin Cycle – uses carbon dioxide to make sugar (glucose) with the a series of enzymeassisted chemical reactions Stage 2: if NO oxygen is present Anaerobic respiration: Fermentation Step 1: CO2 from atmosphere combines with RuBP to produce a 6-carbon sugar Step 2: The 6-carbon sugar splits to 2 molecules of PGA Step 3: PGA combines with Hydrogen brought over by NADPH to form PGAL and water Pyruvic acid is converted to CO2 and either lactic acid or alcohol 6 turns of this cycle produces one glucose No additional ATP is produced Total energy anaerobically is 2 ATP molecules (from glycolysis) Leaves of Plants: Chloroplast Mitochondria Photo Phase – Grana (stacks of thylakoids) Synthesis Phase - Stroma Glycolysis - Cytoplasm 1 – 800 – CALL - SUN 1 – 800 - ENZY - MES Lactic Acid Fermentation – produces lactic acid as byproduct, sore muscles Alcoholic Fermentation – produces ethanol; carbon dioxide is released (yeast and some bacteria)