Download 12 Week CCA Test Review

12 Week CCA Test Review
Part I
Test on Wednesday, Nov. 14
DNA Structure and Function
1. Who discovered the double helix structure of DNA? (2 scientists)
2. What is the function of DNA?
3. On your desk is a strand of DNA. Use the nucleotide pieces in the baggie to match the complementary strand.
Once you have it completed the diagram, raise your hand to have your teacher check your work, then draw the
diagram in the space below.
3. Look at the diagram above, what three parts make up a DNA nucleotide?
Use the diagram below to answer questions 4 and 5.
4. Which species is closer in relation to the unknown species? Explain.
5. How many bases differ between the unknown species and species II?
DNA Replication
6. At your station is a diagram of DNA replication. Sketch a picture below……
7. Where does replication occur inside a cell?
8. When is DNA replication necessary?
9. In DNA replication, where and how do the strands separate?
10. If a parent cell has 23 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will it contain after undergoing replication?
Transcription / Translation (Protein Synthesis)
Put the following pictures in the plastic bag in order. When you have finished, raise your hand
and have your teacher review your work. Once it is correct, copy the diagram in the space
below:
Transcription
11. What is transcription and where does it occur?
12. If the DNA strand reads GCATTA, what will the mRNA sequence be?
Translation/ Protein Synthesis
Below is a diagram representing translation. Label the following items: mRNA, tRNA, ribosome, amino acids,
codon, and anitcodon.
13. What is translation and where does it occur?
14. If the mRNA sequence reads: AUGCAU, what amino acids is it coding for?
Use the Codon Wheel or Codon Chart for Questions 24 – 25
1. Transcribe the following DNA sequences into
mRNA codons, then use the codon wheel or
codon chart to find the correct amino acid
sequence (polypeptide).
Example :
DNA = TACCCACATATC
mRNA = AUGGGUGUAUAG
Amino Acid Sequence =
Met (Start) – Gly – Val – Stop
A. DNA = TACGATGAGACT
B. DNA = TACCTCGGGATT
C. DNA = TACTTTTTCACT
D. DNA = TACGTAGTTGTCATT
2. Mutations of the DNA often result in one of the
nitrogen bases being changed to a different
base. For example a mutation could change the
DNA sequence adenine – thymine – guanine
(ATG) to adenine – thymine – cytosine (ATC).
A. What is the mRNA codon for the DNA
sequence ATG?
B. What amino acid matches the mRNA
codon?
C. What is the mRNA codon for the mutated
DNA sequence ATC?
D. What amino acid (if any) matches the
mutated mRNA codon?
E. What effect do you think this would have on
the production of the protein?
Meiosis
15. Use the pieces in the plastic bag to illustrate Meiosis. When you have finished, raise your hand and have
your teacher check your diagram. When it is correct draw the diagram below:
16. Look at the above diagram; the sex cells have how many chromosomes compared to the parent cell?
17. The purpose of meiosis is to take a parent cell (2n) and use it to create ______________cells with half the
number of chromosomes (n) as the original cell.
18. What is a homologous chromosome and are they found in zygotes or sex cells?