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Answer Key
REINFORCING KEY CONCEPTS
1. waters near shore: temperature and salinity nearly constant,
sunlight always filtered, water level does not change
drastically; intertidal zone: temperature and salinity may
change, sunlight is sometimes direct and sometimes filtered,
water level changes drastically.
2. Coral reef: built-up limestone deposits formed by
large colonies of ant-sized organisms called corals; sea
anemones, seaweed, sea urchins, starfish, giant clams,
parrotfish, Clown fish
Kelp forest: large community of seaweed that grows to
great heights; worms, starfish, lobsters, crabs, abalones,
octupuses
3. surface zone: top 200 meters, sunlight reaches through,
nutrients sink to the bottom, organisms must blend in and
swim fast, life is spread out; deep zone: below 200 meters to
the ocean floor, no sunlight, some organisms have glowing
parts, many predators, life is spread out.
4. Hydrothermal vents are openings in Earth’s crust on the
ocean floor where cold water seeps in and becomes heated
by hot magma. Crabs, fish, mussels, shrimp, giant clams,
bacteria, and tubeworms are some of the organisms that
live there.