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1. WORLD OF ROME VIDEO NOTES
2. FOUNDING OF ROME NOTES
3. MYTHOLOGY NOTES
4`. ROME HW #2
ANCIENT ROME I
SOL a-d
I. Geography
1. The city of Rome, with its central location on the Italian
Peninsula, was able to extend its influence over the entire
Mediterranean Basin.
2. The Italian peninsula was protected by the sea and an arc
of the mountains, called the Alps in the north.
I. Geography
Roman Myths of its Foundation
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Aeneas ( The Aenid) -- The Last Trojan
Romulus and Remus – Founders of Rome
The Rape of the Sabines
The Rape of Lucretia – End of the Roman Kings
Cincinnatus – (Dictator) 1st Citizen-Soldier
I. Myth
A. The Fall of Troy (Trojan War)
1. Aeneas:
He was a cousin of King of Troy
After the fall of Troy, he led a
band of Trojan refugees to
Italy and became the founder
of Roman culture (although not
of the city of Rome itself).
Aeneid: Wanderings of Aeneas
Virgil (Roman Writer) made him the hero of his epic
poem, the Aeneid. Aeneas eventually landed in Italy
and married the daughter of the king of the Latins.
II. Myth
A. Founding of Rome
1. Rome began (according to legend) when two brothers Romulus
and Remus founded it in 753 B.C.
a. As the legend goes the two brothers were left as babies
to die on the banks of the Tiber River. A female wolf
cared for them until a shepherd took them and cared
for them as his sons. As grown men Romulus and Remus
built a city, but fought over who should rule it. In the
end Romulus killed Remus and named the city Rome.
Rape of the Sabines
III. Myth
A. Rape of the Sabines
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Rome had no women; was a place for the unwanted!
The Romans tricked their neighbors into coming to a
festival: “Remember to bring your wives & daughters!”
When the Sabines were drunk they killed or drove off the
men.
This led to the War with the Sabines.
Legend says that the women ran out and stopped the final
battle because… “They had already lost their old
husbands and families they did not want to also loose their
new ones!”
Intervention of the Sabine Women
IV. Myth
A. Rape of Lucretia
The Etruscan King
TARQUIN was jealous of
Lucretia’s Roman Virtue, as
opposed to his one wife’s,
that he raped Lucretia.
She was so shamed that she
committed suicide.
This led to a vengeful mob that
hunted down the Etruscans and
killed them, freeing the Romans
of their masters.
This led to the Roman Republic
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First Two Consuls (Presidents ) of Rome
Lucius Junius Brutus
Lucius Sextius (Lucretia’s Husband)
V. Myth
A. Cincinnatus: First Citizen-Soldier
1.
V. Myth
A. Cincinnatus: First Citizen-Soldier
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He was a Farmer and respected
leader in Rome.
When enemies attacked Rome he was
elected dictator.
A dictator was in office for 6 months and
had the ultimate power of life and death.
He defeated the enemies in 2 weeks. He
could have stayed on for the rest of his
term but laid down his power and
returned to his farm.
V. Myth
A. Cincinnatus: First Citizen-Soldier
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Selfless
Honor
Hard Worker
Leader
Service
Hero
III. Early Roman History
1. Around 750 BC, a group of people called Latins
built villages along the Tiber River.
2. In the late 600’s BC Rome came under the rule of
Etruscan kings and grew into a large & prosperous
city.
III. Early Roman History
3. Etruscans:
a. Had a written language the Romans would
adapt
b. Paved roads, drained marshes, and constructed
sewers
c. Over time they blended into the local Roman
population
IV. The Roman Republic
1. In 509 BC wealthy Roman landowners overthrew
the Etruscan king and established a republic.
a. Republic -a form of government in which
voters elect officials to run the state.
2. In the Roman Republic only free adult males were
allowed to vote and take part in the government.
IV. Roman Republic
3. Senate
a. The Senate was the most powerful of the governing
bodies because they:
1. Controlled public funds
2. Decided foreign policy
3. Acted as a court
4. Could name a dictator, or absolute
ruler, to govern in times of crisis
IV. Roman Republic
4. Consuls
a. After the Etruscan monarchy ended in 509 BC, 2
individuals were elected to one-year terms to serve
as consuls, or chief executives.
b. The consuls ran the government, commanded the
army & could appoint dictators.
c. Each consul could veto, or refuse to approve the acts
of the other consul (checks and balances)
IV. Roman Republic
5. Assemblies
a. Several assemblies existed in the Roman Republic
b. Citizens in these assemblies voted on laws &
elected officials.
c. They also elected 10 officials called tribunes who
had some power over actions by the Senate &
other officials
V. Roman Social Classes
1. Patricians
a. Powerful landowners who controlled the
government
b. As nobles they inherited their power
2. Plebeians
a. The rest of the population, mainly farmers and
workers
b. Over time their power increased. They were
allowed to join the army, hold government office,
and form their own assemblies.
V. Roman Social Classes
VI. Twelve Tables
1. In 450 BC, the plebeians forced the government to
write down the laws of the Roman Republic
2. These laws were engraved on tablets called the 12
Tables and placed in the Forum, the chief public
square.
3. This was one of the greatest victories of the
plebeians in their struggle for civic rights
Twelve Tables are located in the
Forum
EARLY ROME DATABASE TERMS
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Romulus & Remus
Republic
Senate
Dictator
Representative Democracy
Assembly
The Twelve Tables
Patricians
Veto
Plebeians