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Transcript
Legacy of the Ancient Romans Roman Empire (350 B.C.E – 476 C.E.) Had a profound impact on the political, cultural & religious movement which was a key foundation for Western Civilization • Importance: Timeline 700 B.C.E. 1 C.E. 2009 C.E. |--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| BCE = before common era Romans Establish 1st Republic Rome was a small city-state ruling only a 10 mile area! • 500 B.C.E • 509 – 31 BCE – – Rome is declared a Republic a combination of democracy and oligarchy Patricians and Plebeians social classes participate but not equally Roman Republic 3 Phases • The gradual extension of rights to ordinary people • The astonishing territorial expansion throughout the Mediterranean world • The political decline and collapse into monarchy in the first century before Christ Roman Republic Origin Reading USA: Executive Legislative Judicial Roman Written Law • Developed the 12 Tables: a system of written laws that applied to ALL people throughout the empire 451 B.C.E. • Highlights of Written law: – Based on reason & justice – Designed to “protect” citizens and their property – A Person was considered innocent until proven guilty Term Set Review • Got importance? Socrates 469-399 B.C.E. Expansion of Roman Empire Reading The Roman Conquests 341-31 B.C.E. • The Romans built an empire not based solely on military supremacy • They used skillful diplomacy to establish networks of alliances – Built loyal “new citizens” (not bitter conquered people) – Offered Republic Gov’t, legal system, religious freedom, written language, advanced culture • They created a system of strong military colonies – Romans sent to live & protect each new area from invasion Growth of the Roman Empire The Birth of New Religions Polytheism multiple Gods Monotheism 1 God Judaism Christianity Reading: Religious Persecution Scapegoat Emperor Constantine Ruled Rome 337-340 CE Christianity Emperor Constantine •http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ojq-XmobDKw Ruled Rome 337-340 CE The 10 Commandments • 1200 BCE: Code of both religious & social behavior – Provided a moral code for living… . Judeo-Christian Thought • Greco-Roman thought initially spread in the Roman Empire • Judaism & Christianity created a new line of “thought” – It focused on morality/ethics more than political law • The expansion of those monotheistic religions produced a new line of thought called Judeo-Christian – It included a code of social behavior – It would greatly influence U.S. democracy and written law Reading: Greco-Roman Thought vs. Judeo-Christian Thought Greco-Roman Thought Judeo-Christian Thought Roman Empire Legacy Established Republic Gov’t Embraced Written Law Adopted Christianity Had written language (Latin) Expanded Greco-Roman & JudeoChristian thought throughout empire Rome Empire collapses in 476 CE Middle Ages follow rule of Rome: 500-1200 CE Why did Rome Collapse? • • • • • • Size of empire (too big) Increasing attacks by barbarians Corrupt emperors Plague Gap between wealthy & poor The rise of Christianity