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Immunology of CELIAC
DISEASE
Ibrahim, Ibrahim; Kandoth, Littin; Naqvi,
Shabab; Sims, Tyreen; Julien, Tabitha
Mentor: Dr. Sanil Manavalan
Columbia University, College of Physicians & Surgeons
Celiac disease
•a digestive disease that damages the small intestine and
interferes with absorption of nutrients from food .
•When people with celiac disease eat foods containing
gluten, their immune system responds by damaging the
small intestine.
•Because the body's own immune system causes the damage,
celiac disease is considered an autoimmune disorder.
AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE: condition in which the
immune system mistakenly attacks the body's
own organs and tissues
• Type 1 Diabetes – affects the pancreas
• Systemic Lupus erythmatotosus (Lupus)– affects
the skin
• Crohn’s Disease- affects the gut
• Multiple Sclerosis- affects the brain
Key Terms
• Cytokine – proteins secreted by macrophages and
leukocytes that stimulate or inhibit the proliferation or
function of immune cells.
– Interleukin – cytokines that only affect leukocytes.
• Lymphocyte – A type of leukocyte (white blood cell) of
the immune system.
– T-Regulatory Cell – slows down and stops immune
response
– T-Helper Cell – has antigen-receptors, releases
cytokines
– Natural Killer Cell – kills macrophage and bad stuff
– Cytotoxic T-Cell – kills with cytotoxins
– B-Cell – creates antibodies.
• Antigen – invading microbe
• Antibody – protein that fights bacteria and viruses.
Cytokines
The Gut Lumen
• Villi- (singular: villus) are tiny, finger-like
structures that protrude from the wall of the
intestine
-Microvilli- hairlike structure on the surface
of absorptive and secretory epithelial cells
• Epithelial Tissue- layer of cells which line the
GI tract
• Enterocytes – layer between gut lumen and
absorptive cells
diagram
GUT LUMEN
GUT LUMEN
Gliadin
Inflammation &
Damaged
enteroctytes
Enterocytes
Helper T cell
Plasma cells
Antibodies
anti-gliadin
anti-endomysial
And tissue trasgliutaminase
ab T cell
receptor
HLA-DQ2/DQ8
molecule
Lymphocytes
(T cells , Natural Killer cells and B cells)
Cytokines
(Interferon-g, TNF-a, IL-15 etc)
Antigen Presenting
Cell
LAMINA PROPRIA AND INTRA EPITHILIAL SPACE
Mucosal Immune System
Objective
• To find the cytokine levels in the serum of patients in the following
groups
– Healthy Patients (Control)
– Active Celiac Disease Patients
– Celiac Disease patients on Gluten-free diets
– Refractory Disease Patients
• The following cytokines were checked in the serum of these
patients;
– IL-1β
– IL-6
– IL-8
– IL-12 p70
– IFN-γ
– TNF-α
Flow Cytometry
DEFINITION:
technique for counting,
examining and sorting
microscopic particles suspended
in a stream of fluid
ROLE IN OUR EXPERIMENT:
Results
Conclusions
References
THANK YOU
To: Dr. Sanil Manavalan
Dr. Jamal Naiyer
Sindhu Kunduvaram
Dr. Sat Bhattacharya
Harlem Children Society
Cytokines
Cytokine
IL-1β
IL-6
IL-8
IL-12 p70
IFN-γ
TNF-α
Principal cell Targets and biological
effects
Endothelial cells: activation
B cells: proliferation of antibody
producing cells
Activator of neutrophils
NK cells and T cells: IFN-gamma
synthesis, increased cytolytic activity
Macrophages: Activation
Endothelial cells: Activation