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Skinner Features Cues for Teaching Behavior Reinforced + = reoccur Practice; questions and answer Info Small Amounts Requirement: Learner makes a response and receives immediate feedback (responses can be reinforced) Stimulus Generalization = Secondary Conditioning Arrange difficulty of questions - response is always correct = positive reinforcement Watson Features Cues for Teaching Stimulus-response connections • Expose learner to variety of stimulus (e.g. Something they feared of or unsolicited exercise). • Let them do an observation. • Then, accompany them with pleasing words. NS ↓ US→UR ↓ CS →CR Result : • Conditioning anyone by turning it to anything you want. Eliminate students apprehension by turning it into something they want not something they fear of. Thorndike Features Cues for Teaching Stimuli ( + , - ) Law of Effect Possible consequences motivate progress Law of Exercise Practice + feedback = enhanced performance Law of Readiness Awareness means better performance Prepare students for lesson Bandura Features Cues for Teaching Social + Cognitive = Learning Group Sharing / Interaction – individual experience Observation + Selection = Imitation Tolman Features Cues for Teaching S1 + S2 + S3 + S4 Response Purposive – connect to the real world Previous Experience Assessments – test latent learning, whether the child connected the “significate” with the “sign” Current Stimulus Significate + Sign Learning (PE) (CS) (R) Tasking Degamo Beduya Embalsado Villanueva Cabig Skinner Watson Thorndike Bandura Tolman Resources • Facilitating Learning: A Metacognitive Process; Lucas, M. R. & Corpuz, B.; 2007 • Evans, Richard I. Dialogue with B.F. Skinner. Praeger, 1981. Life and ideas. Originally published as B. F. Skinner (Dutton, 1968 • Bjork, Daniel W. B. F. Skinner: A Life. Basic Books, 1993. American Psychological Association, 1997. Life and work • http://www.springerlink.com/content/g1j72j1000 01tn7k/