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Module 53 Social Thinking Worth Publishers Social Thinking Social Psychology scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another Attribution Theory tendency to give a causal explanation for someone’s behavior, often by crediting either the situation or the person’s disposition Social Thinking How we explain someone’s behavior affects how we react to it Situational attribution “Maybe that driver is ill.” Tolerant reaction (proceed cautiously, allow driver a wide berth) Dispositional attribution “Crazy driver!” Unfavorable reaction (speed up and race past the other driver, give a dirty look) Negative behavior Social Thinking Fundamental Attribution Error tendency for observers, when analyzing another’s behavior, to underestimate the impact of the situation and to overestimate the impact of personal disposition ex. You may notice that a co-worker is very quiet at work, while another talks all the time. You identify one as having a shy personality and the other as being very outgoing. Run into these coworkers at a party and they may act very different. Social Thinking Attitude belief and feeling that predisposes one to respond in a particular way to objects, people and events Our behavior is affected by our inner attitudes as well as by external social influences Internal attitudes External influences Behavior Social Thinking Attitudes follow behavior Cooperative actions feed mutual liking Social Thinking Foot-in-the-Door Phenomenon tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request ex. Korean War – POWs Sign experiment – Large ‘Drive Carefully’ vs. small 3-inch ‘Be a Safe Driver’ sign At first only 17% said yes to large sign, nearly all of the others said yes to small sign When asked to move from small to large sign 76% said yes. Social Thinking Role set of expectations about a social position defines how those in the position ought to behave The Stanford Prison Experiment: A Simulation Study of the Psychology of Imprisonment www.prisonexp.org Applications to Today - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sZwfNs1pqG0 Social Thinking Cognitive Dissonance Theory http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gN-6nBs7sbI we act to reduce the discomfort (dissonance) we feel when two of our thoughts (cognitions) are inconsistent example- when we become aware that our attitudes and our actions clash, we can reduce the resulting dissonance by changing our attitudes Social Thinking Cognitive dissonance