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Plant and Animal Cells Section 2.1 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zrXykvorybo Organisms! Fungi Animal absorptive nutrition ingestive nutrition Plant autotrophs heterotrophs E.g. Amoeba Single-celled organisms Bacteria Multicellular organisms Archaebacteria prokaryotes Oranisms eukaryotes bacteria cells Types of cells Prokaryote - no nucleus Eukaryotes - nucleus animal cells plant cells Cell Size Comparison most bacteria Animal cell Bacterial cell 1-10 microns eukaryotic cells 10-100 microns micron = micrometer = 1/1,000,000 meter diameter of human hair = ~20 microns The Cell Theory 1. All living things are made up of one or more cells. 2. The cell is the simplest unit that can carry out life processes. 3. All cells come from other cells; they do not come from non-living matter. A short history lesson… • http://ed.ted.com/lessons/the-wacky-history-of-cell-theory • What advancement allowed humans to “discover” cells? Why? – The discovery of the microscope. Cells are so small that you cannot see them without the help of a microscope. • What did Anton van Leeuwenhoek discover? How did he discover this? – He discovered “animalcules” or bacteria by looking at dental scrapings. • Who wasRobert Hooke? What did he contribute to biology? – R. Hooke was the first person to observe cells. He observed cork under the microscope and called what he saw “cells” after the rooms where monks slept in monasteries. • Which two scientists came up with the cell theory? – Schleiden and Schwann Why study cells? • Cells Tissues Organs Organ System Organism – bodies are made up of cells – cells do all the work of life! The Work of Life • What jobs do cells have to do for an organism to live… – “breathe” • gas exchange: O2 in vs. CO2 out – eat • take in & digest food ATP – make energy • ATP – build molecules • proteins, carbohydrates, fats, nucleic acids – remove wastes – control internal conditions • homeostasis – respond to external environment – build more cells • growth, repair, reproduction & development The Jobs of Cells • Cells have 3 main jobs – make energy ATP • need energy for all activities • need to clean up waste produced while making energy – make proteins • proteins do all the work in a cell, so we need lots of them – make more cells • for growth • to replace damaged or diseased cells Our organelles do all these jobs! Cell Organelle Hunt • WS#1: Plan and Animal Cell Structures – Based on text “Cell Structure” Pg. 29-32 • Complete Pg. 32 #1-8