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Propaganda
The meaning and usage in
George Orwell’s Animal Farm
What is Propaganda?
• Propaganda is generally an appeal to emotion,
not intellect.
• It shares techniques with advertising and public
relations, each of which can be thought of as
propaganda that promotes a commercial product
or shapes the perception of an organization,
person, or brand.
• Post World War II usage the word "propaganda"
more typically refers to political or nationalist
uses of these techniques or to the promotion of
a set of ideas.
Techniques of Propaganda
• Common media for getting across to
people the propaganda messages include
• news reports
• government reports
• historical revision books
• leaflets
• movies, radio, television
• Emails and blogs.
Types of Propaganda
Ad hominem:
Attacking the opponent
personally instead of
their ideas
Types of Propaganda
• Ad nauseam
tireless repetition of an
idea; slogan
Types of Propaganda
• Appeal to Authority
Shows important people
to support a position,
idea, argument, or
course of action.
Types of Propaganda
• Appeal to fear
Types of Propaganda
• Appeal to Prejudice
Based on race,
ethnicity, social-class
Types of Propaganda
Bandwagon:
This technique reinforces
people's natural desire to
be on the winning side.
This technique is used to
convince the audience
that a program is an
expression of an
irresistible mass
movement and that it is in
their best interest to join.
Types of Propaganda
• Common man
The "'plain folks'" or
"common man"
approach attempts to
convince the
audience that the
propagandist's
positions reflect the
common sense of the
people.
Propaganda used in Animal Farm
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Old Major’s original speech (pg.3-8)
Mystery of the milk (pg.16, 22-23)
The apples for the pigs (pg.23)
The military decorations given (pg.28-29)
The debate over the windmill (pg.33-34)
Squealer talking to the animals about Napoleon
seizing control of the farm (pg.36-37)
• Squealer explaining the idea of the windmill
being Napoleon’s idea. (pg.38)
Propaganda used in Animal Farm
• The sheep repeating “Four legs good, two
legs bad” throughout the 2nd half of the novel.
• Animal Farm trading with humans (pg.42)
• The pigs moving into the farmhouse (pg.44)
• Blaming Snowball for the ills of the farm
(pg.46,51-53,59)
• Ending the song of “Beasts of England” (pg.54)
• Napoleon conferring a medal upon himself
(pg.68)
• Boxer being taken by the knacker (pg.81)
Examples of Propaganda