Download Disorders Usually First Diagnosed in Infancy, Childhood

Psychological Disorders
Dr. Stephen Landman
Disorders Usually First
Diagnosed in Infancy,
Childhood, or Adolescence
Mental Retardation; Learning Disorders
Communication Disorders
Autistic Spectrum Disorders
Attention-Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders
Feeding and Eating Disorders of Infancy or Early Childhood
Tic Disorders
Other Disorders of Infancy, Childhood, or Adolescence:
Selective Mutism | Separation Anxiety Disorder | Reactive
Attachment Disorder of Infancy or Early Childhood |
Stereotypic Movement Disorder
Mental Retardation
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Mild Mental Retardation: IQ level 50-55 to
approximately 70
Moderate Mental Retardation: IQ level 35-40 to 5055
Severe Mental Retardation: IQ level 20-25 to 35-40
Profound Mental Retardation: IQ level below 20 or
25
Pervasive Developmental
Disorders (PDD)
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Severe impairment pervades broad
areas of social and psychological
development in children
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Asperger's Disorder | Autistic Disorder |
Childhood Disintegrative Disorder | Rett's
Disorder
Asperger's Disorder (AD)
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Asperger's (or AS) is one of several autism spectrum
disorders (ASD) characterized by difficulties in social
interaction and by restricted, stereotyped interests
and activities. AS is distinguished from the other
ASDs in having no general delay in language or
cognitive development. Although not mentioned in
standard diagnostic criteria, motor clumsiness and
atypical use of language are frequently reported.
Autistic Disorder
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Autistic disorder (also called autism) is a neurological
and developmental disorder that usually appears
during the first three years of life. A child with autism
appears to live in his/her own world, showing little
interest in others, and a lack of social awareness.
The focus of an autistic child is a consistent routine
and includes an interest in repeating odd and peculiar
behaviors. Autistic children often have problems in
communication, avoid eye contact, and show limited
attachment to others.
The evidence is NOT that it is caused by
vaccinations.
Childhood Disintegrative
Disorder
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Children appear to develop normally for
the first two years of life, but then lose
skills in areas such as language, play, and
bowel control and manifest impaired
social interaction and communication
associated with "restrictive, repetitive,
stereotyped" behaviors.
Rett's Disorder
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Children with Rett’s Disorder appear to
develop normally at first, but their head
growth slows, they lose social "engagement"
and hand skills, and they develop stereotyped
movements of the hands and poorly
coordinated gait or trunk movements. There
is also psychomotor retardation and
impairment of language development.
Attention-Deficit and
Disruptive Behavior Disorders
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Conduct Disorder
Oppositional Defiant Disorder
AttentionDeficit/Hyperactivity
Disorder (ADHD)
Inattention
 Hyperactivity
 Impulsivity
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Conduct Disorder
Aggression to People & Animals
 Destruction of Property
 Deceitfulness or theft
 Serious violations of rules
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Oppositional Defiant
Disorder
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This diagnosis involves a pattern of
defiant, angry, antagonistic, hostile,
irritable, or vindictive behavior. These
children may blame others for their
problems.
Delirium, Dementia, and
Amnestic and Other
Cognitive Disorders
Delirium
Although classified as a mental disorder
because it involves fluctuating level of
consciousness and pervasive
impairment in mental, behavioral, and
emotional functioning, this brain state,
which is usually of acute onset and
temporary duration, is probably always
caused by physical disease, head
trauma, or drug effect.
Dementia of the Alzheimer's
Type
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a slowly
progressive disease of the brain that is
characterized by impairment of memory
and eventually by disturbances in
reasoning, planning, language, and
perception.
Dementia Due to
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare, degenerative brain disorder.
Symptoms usually start around age 60. Memory problems, behavior
changes, vision problems and poor muscle coordination progress
quickly to dementia, coma and death. Most patients die within a year.
The three main categories of CJD are
sporadic CJD, which occurs for no known reason
hereditary CJD, which runs in families
acquired CJD, which occurs from contact with infected tissue, usually
during a medical procedure
Cattle can get a disease related to CJD called bovine spongiform
encephalopathy (BSE) or "mad cow disease." It is possible that people
can get a variant of CJD from eating beef from an infected animal.
Vascular Dementia
Vascular dementia is the second most common
form of dementia after Alzheimer disease
(AD). The condition is not a single disease; it
is a group of syndromes relating to different
vascular mechanisms. Vascular dementia is
preventable; therefore, early detection and an
accurate diagnosis are important. A common
type is multi-infarct dementia
Substance-Related Disorders
Alcohol
Amphetamines
Caffeine
Cannabis
Cocaine
Hallucinogens
Inhalants
Nicotine
Opiods
Phencyclidine
Sedatives,
hypnotics,
anxiolytics
Polysubstance
Schizophrenia
Catatonic
 Disorganized
 Paranoid
 Undifferentiated
 Residual
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Schizophrenia: Symptoms
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Positive Symptoms
Delusions (Persecution, Grandeur, Control,
Reference, Nihilistic, Religious, Somatic,
Erotomania, Thought Insertion, Thought
Broadcasting); Hallucinations
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Negative Symptoms
Flat Affect, Inability to Initiate Activities, Brief
Speech, Lack of Pleasure
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Cognitive Symptoms
Problems with Memory, Organizing, Prioritizing,
Judgment, Reasoning, Lack of Insight
Other Psychotic Disorders
Schizophreniform Disorder
 Schizoaffective Disorder
 Delusional Disorder
 Brief Psychotic Disorder
 Shared Psychotic Disorder
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Intersections of Mental Illness
and the Law
• Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity
John Hinckley, Jr.; Andrea Yates
• Competence to Stand Trial
• Involuntary Hospitalization (Civil Commitment)
Starts with Mental Inquest Warrant
Kentucky Law
• Juvenile Court – Disposition of Delinquents
• Civil Court Proceedings (Divorce & Custody)
Symptoms of Depression
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Depressed Mood (Beyond Sadness)
Loss of Interest and Pleasure in Usually Enjoyed
Activities
Tearfulness
Suicidal Ideation (Thoughts, Impulses, Actions)
Weight Changes; Eating Changes
Sleep Changes
Psychomotor Retardation or Agitation
Loss of Libido
Fatigue
Feelings of Guilt, Worthlessness, Pessimism
Difficulty Concentrating; “Brain Fog”
Mood Disorders
Dysthymic Disorder
 Major Depression
 Pseudodementia
 Bipolar Disorder
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Difference between hypomania and mania
Postpartum Depression
 Seasonal Affective Disorder
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Psychosomatic Disorder
A disorder in which there is a real physical illness that is largely
caused by psychological factors such as stress and anxiety.
Somatoform Disorders
Disorders in which there is an apparent physical illness for which
there is no organic basis
Somatization Disorder
A somatoform disorder characterized by recurrent vague somatic
complaints without a physical cause.
Somatoform Disorders
These mental disorders share the appearance of a
general medical condition as suggested by one or
more physical symptoms.
Body Dysmorphic Disorder
 Conversion Disorder
 Hypochondriasis
 Pain Disorder
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Anxiety Disorders
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Agoraphobia Without History of Panic Disorder
Anxiety Disorder Due to General Medical Condition
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Panic Disorder with Agoraphobia
Panic Disorder without Agoraphobia
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Specific Phobia
Social Phobia
Substance-Induced Anxiety Disorder
Factitious Disorder
Patient's with this mental disorder are so eager to
assume the role of a sick person that they intentionally
feign or produce symptoms
Malingering
 Munchausen’s Syndrome
 Munchausen’s by Proxy
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Dissociative Disorders
Patients with these mental disorders suffer disruption of
memory, consciousness, identity, and general perception of
themselves and their surroundings.
Dissociative Amnesia
 Dissociative Fugue
 Depersonalization Disorder
 Dissociative Identity Disorder
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Sexual Disorders
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Sexual Desire Disorders: Hypoactive ; Aversion
Sexual Arousal Disorders: Female Sexual Arousal
Disorder ; Male Erectile Disorder
Orgasmic Disorders: Female ; Male ; Premature
Ejaculation
Sexual Pain Disorders: Dyspareunia ; Vaginismus
Sexual Dysfunction Due to a General Medical
Condition: Female Dyspareunia ; Female Hypoactive
Sexual Desire Disorder ; Male Erectile Disorder ;
Male Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder ; Male
Dyspareunia ; Substance-Induced Sexual
Dysfunction
Paraphilias: Exhibitionism ; Fetishism ; Frotteurism ;
Pedophilia ; Masochism ; Sadism ; Transvestic
Fetishism ; Voyeurism
Gender Identity Disorder
Eating Disorders
Anorexia Nervosa
 Bulimia Nervosa
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Personality Disorders
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Paranoid
Schizoid
Schizotypal
Antisocial
Borderline
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Histrionic
Narcissistic
Avoidant
Dependent
ObsessiveCompulsive
Sleep Disorders
Insomnia
 Hypersomnia
 Narcolepsy
 Sleep Apnea
 Nightmare Disorder
 Sleep Terror Disorder
 Sleepwalking Disorder
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