Download CHAPTER ONE - Hollidaysburg Area School District

Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology
 Anatomy
 The study of the ______________ of an organism
 For example, memorizing the bones of a human
 Comes from the Greek ana = up; tome = to cut
 Literally means “_____ ________ _____”
 Physiology
 The study of the ________________ of a structure
 How do cardiac cells function together to make the heart beat
uniformly?
 Comes from the Greek physio = form; logy = study of
 Literally means “______ _________ ______ ________”
 Meet the greatest anatomy student ever . . .
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AMMO C. TOSO!
A – ______________
M – ______________
M – __________________
O – ______________
C – ______________
T – ______________
O – ______________
S – ______________
O - ______________
 Superior/Inferior
 The head is ____________ to the chest.
 The foot is _____________ to the knee.
 Anterior/Posterior
 The heart is _____________ to the spinal cord.
 The esophagus is ______________ to the trachea.
 Medial/Lateral
 The arms are ______________ to the spine.
 The nose is ______________ to the ears.
 Proximal/Distal
 The shoulder is ________________ to the hands.
 The toes are _____________ to the hip.
 Superficial/Deep
 The hypothalamus is ________________ to the cortex.
 Skin is ________________ to muscle.
 Central/Peripheral
 The spinal cord is __________________ to the lungs.
 The ears are __________________ to the brain.
 Sagittal, transverse, and
coronal
 Used to observe internal
parts of a an organism or
organ
 The human body is divided up into two major cavities.
 Those two cavities are then subdivided .
 The purposes of the cavities are to:
 let the organs __________ independently of the body
wall
 ___________ the organs
 allow easy chemical ______________ between the organs
and the rest of the body
 restrict ______________; keep it localized
Integumentary - skin
 Internal conditions remain _______ ___________
despite ___________ changes
 Comes from the Greek homeo = similar; stasis =
standing
 Examples:
 Blood pH – _____
 Blood temp – _______o F
 Blood pressure – _____/_____
 Blood glucose concentration – _____%
 A disease is an abnormal condition that upsets
_______________.
 There are four types of disease. They are summarized
in the table below.
Types of Disease
Characteristics
Examples
Restricted to one specific part of body
Pneumonia, cancer
Affects many organs or entire body
AIDS, MS
Sudden onset; usually severe
Influenza,
meningitis
Occurs gradually; not as severe
Diabetes, cancer
Brief History of Medicine (42:32)