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Human body systems Eleven Organ Systems Each organ system has its own function in the body • Nervous • Integumentary • Respiratory • Digestive • Excretory • Skeletal • Muscular • Circulatory • Endocrine • Reproductive • Lymphatic/ immune Nervous system • Organs: Brain, Spinal cord, peripheral nerves • Function: Recognize & coordinates the body’s response to changes in its environment Integumentary • Organs: Skin, hair, nails, sweet & oil glands • Function: Serves as a barrier against infection & injury, helps regulate body temperature Respiratory system • Organs: nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, lungs • Function: Provide oxygen & remove carbon dioxide Digestive system • Organs: Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small & large intestines, rectum • Function: Converts food into simple molecules, absorbers food, eliminates waste Excretory • Organs: skin, lungs, kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra • Function: eliminates waste, toxins from the body Skeletal • Organs: bones, cartilage, ligaments, tendons • Function: support the body, protects internal organs, blood cell formation Muscular system • Organs: skeletal muscles, smooth muscles, cardiac muscles • Function: works with skeletal system to produce voluntary movement, helps to circulate blood & move food through the digestive system Circulatory • Organs: Heart, blood vessels, blood • Function: bring oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells, fight infection, remove cell waste, regulates temperature Endocrine Organs: Hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, pancreases, ovaries (female), testes (male) Function: controls growth, development, and metabolism, maintains homeostasis Reproductive • Organs: male testes, epididymis, vas deferens, urethra, penis. Female – ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina • Function: produce reproductive cells. In females nurtures & protects embryo Lymphatic/ immune • Organs: white blood cells, thymus, spleen, lymph nodes, lymph vessels • Function: helps protect body from disease, collects fluid lost from blood vessels & returns it to circulatory system Feedback Loops • The body must self moderate – Maintain homeostasis. • Two types of feedback loops: – Negative – Positive • Negative feedback counteracts condition • Positive feedback amplifies condition • Negative more common. Pair share: Can you think of a body function that might require a feed back loop? Negative Feedback • Prevents body from moving away from a set point significantly. • Allows body to self-correct. • Ex: controlling tempurature Negative Feedback Loop Positive Feedback • Accentuates disturbance. • Examples: – Blood clotting – Nursing a baby causes production of milk • Closely regulated by negative feedback loops. Positive Feedback Loop Review 1. What system is the heart a part of? 2. Which system is the brain a part of? 3. What does the excretory system do? 4. Name 2 sets of systems that are closely associated with each other.