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ESA Climate Change Initiative
programme status
March 2011
mark dohery
esa
CCI
• objectives
• implementation
• projects and teams
• key issues
CCI objectives
Realize the full potential of the long-term global EO
archives that ESA, together with its Member states,
has established over the last thirty years.....
….. as a significant and timely contribution to the
ECV databases required by the United Nations
Framework Convention on Climate Change
6 Years / 75 Meuro
Copenhagen COP15
“
Encourages CEOS to continue coordinating and supporting
the implementation of the satellite component of GCOS
Urges Parties that support space agencies involved in global
observations to enable these agencies to continue to
implement, in coordinated manner through CEOS, the actions
identified in the updated CEOS report, in order to meet the
relevant needs of the Convention, in particular by ensuring
long-term continuity of observations and data availability
”
a major scientific challenge
e.g. sea level ECV
GCOS Requirement
Accuracy
Stability
1 cm
0.5 mm/decade
Current Status
2 cm
10 mm/decade
Two climate action paths
GCOS requirements <=> CEOS response
GCOS-82 in 2003
GCOS-92 in 2004
GCOS-107 in 2006
CEOS response 2006
CCI is part of ESA’s contribution
to the
coordinated international response
International
Coordination
CCI:CCI:
International
coordination
Main External Partners:
•
UNFCCC which coordinates the interests and decisions of its Parties on
Climate Policy,
•
GCOS which represents the scientific and technical requirements of the
Global Climate Observing System on behalf of UNFCCC,
•
CEOS which serves as a focal point for Earth Observation related activities
of Space Agencies (e.g NOAA, NASA, JAXA, EUMETSAT)
•
Individual Partner Space Agencies with whom ESA cooperates bilaterally
(e.g. EUMETSAT)
•
International Climate Research Programmes, which represent the collective
interests and priorities of the worldwide climate research, (e.g. WCRP)
•
EC and National Research Programmes which establish research priorities
and provide resources for climate research community within Europe (e.g.
DG Research, DG-JRC)
•
GMES Partners: DG Enterprise and Industry, user DGs ENV, EEA…
ESA EO Systems
past present future
Since
1977
1990
2000
2010
2030
Earthnet: Access for European users to non-European missions:
Landsat, SeaWifs, NOAA, JERS, MODIS, ALOS, Proba, Bird, Scisat...
METEOSAT
M-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Meteo
METEOSAT Second Generation
MSG-1, -2, -3
MTG
in cooperation
with EUMETSAT
METOP-1, -2, -3
(Gravity and Ocean
Circulation Explorer)
(Gravity and Ocean Circulation Explorer)
GOCE
(Soil Moisture and
Ocean Salinity)
(Polar Ice
to better understand
CryoSat-2 Monitoring)
the Earth
(Atmospheric
ADM/Aeolus Dynamics Mission) System
Science
SMOS
Earth
Explorers
(Magnetic Mission)
SWARM
(Clouds, Aerosols &
EarthCare Radiation Mission)
ERS-1, -2
EE 7
Applications
Sentinel 1
Services
Sentinel 2
to initiate long term
Sentinel 3
Earth Watch
Sentinel 4/5 monitoring systems
Sentinel 5PC and services
GMES in cooperation with EC
ENVISAT
GMES Sentinels
Sentinel 1 – SAR imaging
All weather, day/night applications, interferometry
2012 (A), 2014 (B) TBD
Sentinel 2 – Multispectral imaging
Land applications: urban, forest, agriculture,..
Continuity of Landsat, SPOT
2013 (A), 2014 (B) TBD
Sentinel 3 – Ocean and global land monitoring
Wide-swath ocean colour, vegetation, sea/land
surface temperature, altimetry
2013 (A), 2014 (B) TBD
Sentinel 4 – Geostationary atmospheric
Atmospheric composition monitoring, transboundary pollution
2018
Sentinel 5 and Precursor – Low-orbit atmospheric
Atmospheric composition monitoring
2014 (5P), 2019
CCI starts with 11 ECVs
Atmosphere
Surface
( 0, 0, 6 )
Air Temperature; Precipitation ; Air pressure;
Water vapour; Surface radiation budget;
Wind Speed & direction;
Upper air
( 1, 1, 3 )
Cloud properties,
Wind speed & direction
Earth radiation budget;
Upper-air temperature; Water vapour;
Composition
( 3, 0, 0 )
Ocean
Surface
( 4, 2, 1 )
Sub-surface
( 0, 0 , 7 )
Terrestrial
( 3, 7, 4 )
Carbon dioxide Methane & other GHGs;
Ozone; Aerosol properties
Sea-surface Temp; Sea-level; Sea-ice; Ocean colour;
Sea state; Sea-surface salinity
Carbon dioxide partial pressure
Temperature; Salinity; Current; Nutrients; Carbon;
Ocean tracers; Phytoplankton
Glaciers & ice caps; Land Cover; Fire disturbance
Fraction of absorbed photo-synthetically active radiation; LAI , Albedo
Biomass, Lake levels, Snow cover, Soil moisture
Water use, Ground water, River discharge
Permafrost and seasonally-frozen ground
CCI First Steps (11 ECVs) : Later in CCI (10 ECVs) : Not in CCI (24 ECVs)
multiple
sensors….consistency…..
ESA missions data => FCDRs => ECVs
Data from each sensor contributes to FCDR of several ECVs
FCDR of each ECV requires data from several sensors
Sea Level
SST
Ocean Colour
Sea state
Ocean salinity
Sea ice concentration
Lakes
Glaciers & ice caps
Land cover
faPAR
LAI
Biomass
Burned area & active fire
Soil moisture (research)
Snow area
Albedo
Cloud properties
O3 total and profiles
Aerosol OD & other props
GHGs distribution
Upper air winds
what we want to achieve
specialized
EO data groups
specialized
climate research groups
ECV 1
consistent global
satellite data products
for climate research
ECV 2
ECV 3
international
EO community
(CEOS)
international
climate
research
community
( GCOS
WCRP’…)
CCI: phased implementation
Phase 1: (3y)
-
scientific user consultation
detailed specifications
prototyping
Phase 2: (3y)
-
operational systems
Implementation
production
Phase 3: (6y !)
-
user assessment
next 3 years => CCI phase 1
Cardinal Requirements
• Develop and validate algorithms to meet GCOS ECV requirements for
(consistent, stable, error-characterized) global satellite data products
from multi-sensor data archives
• Optimize impact of ESA EO missions data on climate data records
• Produce, within R&D context, most complete and consistent possible
multi-sensor global satellite data products for climate research and
modelling
• Generate complete specifications for an operational production system
• Strengthen inter-disciplinary cooperation between international earth
observation, climate research and modelling communities, in pursuit of
scientific excellence
CCI Project teams
ECV
Science Leader
cloud_cc
DWD
ozone_cci
BIRA
aerosol_cci
DLR/FMI
chg_cci
U Bremen
sst_cci
U Edinburgh
landcover_cci
UCL
sealevel_cci
CLS
oceancolour_cci
PML
glaciers_cci
U. Zurich
fire _cci
U.Alcala
CMUG
UKMO Hadley
CMUG
• Climate modeling user group (CMUG)
•
Hadley Centre; Meteo-F; MPI; ECMWF
•
gateway to international climate modelling community
•
focal point for all ECV teams
CCI project teams
International
Science
ref body
Science
Leader
Climate
Modelling
Users Group
Project
Manager
Specialised
climate
research team
EO Science
Team
research
Institutes
x
y
z
System
Engineer(s)
CCI projects schedule x 11
`2010
`2011
open
`2012
`2013
requirements
open
algo dev, inter-comp, selection
open
system & product proto-typing
product validation & User assessment
Operational system specification
open
open
CCI global data products
some ECVs are...
- state variables of models,
- forcing, or boundary conditions,
- poorly or not represented in Models
- inter-linked:e.g. cloud, aerosol,
- of probabilistic nature e.g. clouds
confronting observations
and models
Mr. EO
Mr. Modeller
Miss. Clim Science
knowledge exchange …
to better quantify climate change ….
coupled climate models
In yellow – used within CCI
forecast / re-analysis / other
In yellow – used within CCI
CCI: multiple levels of scrutiny
peer review and feedback
ECV Data Climate Research Package
climate assessment
data and models confrontation
uncertainty characterization
product validation
round-robin data package
algorithm selection
algorithms evaluation
product specification
user requirements
EO Archives (L1B)
key issues
• uncertainty characterization
• openness, traceability, repeatability
• data standards
• scientific cooperation
• integrated
and consistent
approach
• to generating
space-based
climate records
CCI teams are working now
together…
CCI news
Additional ECVs starting 2011
• sea_ice_cci
• ice_sheets_cci
• soil_moisture_cci