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Current Electricity What is Electric Current? • Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor. • Current is described as the movement of electrons. • An electric current can provide energy to do work – Example: Turn on a light, move a motor. ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS CELLS How can we get a current of electricity? A cell stores chemical energy and changes it to electrical energy when a circuit is connected. When two or more cells are connected together it is called a Battery. The cell's chemical energy is used up pushing electric current. What is an electric circuit? Electrons flow in a complete path from one end of a cell, through conducting wires, to the other end of a cell. + - In which direction does the current flow? Current flows from the Negative end of the cell (terminal) to the Positive terminal of a cell. Simple Circuits Here is a simple electric circuit. It has a cell, a lamp and a switch. cell - + switch wires lamp To make the circuit, these components are connected together with metal connecting wires. When the switch is closed, the lamp lights up. This is because there is a continuous path of metal for the electric current to flow around. - + If there were any breaks in the circuit, the current could not flow. Circuit Diagrams Scientists usually draw electric circuits using symbols; + - + + cell lamp switch wires More Circuit Symbols… There are many types of symbols you can use for drawing circuit diagrams; cell ammeter battery voltmeter switch motor lamp resistor