Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Mutations
Document related concepts
Cell-free fetal DNA wikipedia , lookup
Polycomb Group Proteins and Cancer wikipedia , lookup
Saethre–Chotzen syndrome wikipedia , lookup
Genetic engineering wikipedia , lookup
Genome (book) wikipedia , lookup
Koinophilia wikipedia , lookup
No-SCAR (Scarless Cas9 Assisted Recombineering) Genome Editing wikipedia , lookup
History of genetic engineering wikipedia , lookup
Skewed X-inactivation wikipedia , lookup
Site-specific recombinase technology wikipedia , lookup
Y chromosome wikipedia , lookup
Artificial gene synthesis wikipedia , lookup
Nucleic acid analogue wikipedia , lookup
Oncogenomics wikipedia , lookup
X-inactivation wikipedia , lookup
Neocentromere wikipedia , lookup
Microevolution wikipedia , lookup
Frameshift mutation wikipedia , lookup
Expanded genetic code wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Mutation ◦ Change in the nucleotide base sequence of a gene or DNA Germ Cell Mutations ◦ Mutation in an organism’s sex cells or gametes Will not affect that organism…but can affect the offspring Somatic-Cell Mutations ◦ Take place in an organism’s body cells Can affect organism (certain types of cancer) Cannot be inherited Lethal Mutations ◦ Cause death, often before birth of an organism Beneficial Mutations ◦ Organisms will have a better chance of survival, and thus an evolutionary advantage. Deletion ◦ Loss of a piece of a chromosome due to breakage Inversion ◦ Piece of chromosome breaks off, but reattaches backwards Translocation ◦ Piece of chromosome breaks off and reattaches to a non homologous chromosome Nondisjunction ◦ Chromosome fails to separate from its homologous pair during Meiosis 1 http://www.friendshipcircle.org/blog/2 012/05/22/13-chromosomaldisorders-youve-never-heard-of/ Point Mutation- Switching, adding, or removing a single nucleotide (letter of DNA) ◦ Substitution- 1 letter replaces another, 1 amino acid is affected Missense- 1 Amino Acid Switched Nonsense- Changes Amino Acid to a “Stop” Silent- Amino Acid is the same…no change ◦ Frameshift- Insertion or Deletion of 1 nucleotide affects all Amino Acids down the line… http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/0072556781/student_view0/c hapter11/animation_quiz_4.html https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eDbK0cx KKsk
