Download helping verb

VERBS
By: Sandra Boyd
Revised By: T.M. Chambers


Verbs show action or state of being.
Examples: go, is
An action verb is a word that expresses a
physical or mental action. It may contain more
than one word.
Examples: He paints. (physical
We thought about it.
action)
(mental action)
A
C
V
T
E
I
R
O
B
N
S
Notice the following action verbs in the
following paragraph.
Sports experts write about the football player
Jim Thorpe even today. Thorpe blocked like
a tank. He tackled like a tornado. In every
game Thorpe attacked his opponents with all
his might. He caught the ball skillfully and
charged ahead fearlessly.
Experts still
remember and honor Thorpe’s greatness.
Again an action verb can express physical
actions, such as writing and running, or mental
activities such as thinking and honoring.
A
C
T
I
O
N
V
Physical
Mental
R
write
remember
B
block
honor
S
tackle
prefer
catch
excel
charge
regarded
E
LINKING
VERBS
Linking Verbs (and Predicate Words)
Linking verbs tell what the subject is or is like.
A linking verb connects the subject
of a sentence with a noun or an
adjective in the predicate.
Linking Verb
John McGraw was the manager.
Subject
Predicate Noun
Common Linking Verbs
be
grow
seem
appear
look
sound
become
feel
turn
taste
smell
Many of these linking verbs can also be used as action
verbs.
Linking verbs are listed on the S.A.M. sheet!
Predicate Nouns
A predicate noun follows a linking verb. It tells
what the subject is.
Sam is a pitcher.
Susan was our best player.
Will you be my friend?
Predicate Adjectives
A predicate adjective follows a linking verb. It
describes the subject by telling what it is like.
Samantha is beautiful.
Susan was bored with sports.
Will the game be interesting?
HELPING
VERBS
Helping Verbs
A helping verb is a
verb that helps the
main verb tell about
an action or make a
statement.
Helping Verbs List
is
have
should shall
was
has
could
will
were
had
would
do
are
did
am
may
does
be
might
can
been, being
must
Helping verbs are listed on the S.A.M. sheet!
Helping Verbs
The students are jumping rope now.
In the sentence above, the word are is the helping verb, and
the present participle jumping is the main verb.
VERB TENSE
Verb Tenses
The tense of a verb tells
when an action takes
place.
Principal Parts of Verbs
Every verb has four basic parts, which
are called its principal parts. You must
know all of these in order to form the
different tenses correctly.
Present
Past
Present
Participle
Past Participle
Present Tense

A present tense of a verb names an action
that happens regularly.
Present Tense Forms
Singular
Plural
I race.
We race.
You race.
You race.
He, she, or it races.
They race.
Past Tense
A past tense of a verb names an action that has
already happened.
The past tense of many verbs is formed by adding
–d or –ed to the base form of the verb.
Past Tense Forms
Singular
Plural
I raced.
We raced.
You raced.
You raced.
He, she, or it raced.
They raced.
Future Tense
The future tense of a verb names an action that will take
place in the future. In the future tense, the word will is
used with the verb.
**Sometimes shall is used when the pronouns I or we is the
subject.
Future Tense Forms
Singular
Plural
I will (shall) go.
We will (shall) go.
You will go.
You will go.
He, she, or it will go.
They will go.
Principal Parts of Verbs
Participles are words formed from
verbs which can be used as adjectives.
There are two types of participles:


The Past Participle (verbs usually end
in -ed, -d, -t, -en, or -n)
The Present Participle (verbs end in ing)
Principal Parts of Verbs
The chart below shows how the principal parts
of most verbs are formed.
Principal Parts of Verbs
Base Form
jump
Present
Participle
Past Form
Past Participle
jumping
jumped
jumped
Present Participle
The present participle of a verb
always ends in –ing.
_________________________________
Examples:
o
o
o
knowing
taking (the “e” in take is dropped)
writing (the “e” in write is dropped)
Past Participle
The past participle of a verb
**always requires a helping verb (have, has,
had).
__________________________________________
EXAMPLES:
o
o
o
had known
have taken
has written
Helping Verbs Tense
Present
Past
Past Participle
am – is - are
was -were
have – has - had
Combine with the
present participle
form of the verb.
Combine with the
past participle
form of the verb.
Helping Verbs – Past Participle Using
Have, Has, Had
Singular
Plural
I have jumped.
We have jumped.
You have jumped. You have jumped.
She has jumped. They have jumped.
Singular
I had jumped.
You had jumped.
She had jumped.
Plural
We had jumped.
You had jumped.
They had jumped.
Guided
Practice…
IRREGULAR
VERBS
WHAT ARE THEY?
The way a verb forms its past tense
determines its classification as regular
or irregular.
A regular verb takes the –d or –ed
ending to denote the past tense.
EXAMPLES
Regular
 believe → believed
 smile → smiled
Irregular
 run → ran
 eat → ate
 Irregular verbs do not take the
–d or –ed ending.
 They are changed in various
other ways to indicate past
tense.
 An irregular verb forms its
past and past participle by…
1. …by changing vowels
Base
Present Part.
Past
Past Part
sing
(helping verb)
singing
sang
(helping verb)
sung
EXAMPLES:
 Choir members sing during performances.
 Chelsea is singing in the program tonight.
 Last year, Marie sang the opening hymn.
 Rachel yelled, “We have sung that song every year since 2001!”
2. …by changing consonants
Base
Present Part.
Past
make
(helping verb)
made
making
EXAMPLES:
Past Part
(helping verb)
made
 Humans make mistakes everyday.
 Camille is making a huge mistake by skipping class.
 Austin made a left when he should turned right.
 We have made a great decision to study.
3. …by changing vowels and consonants
Base
Present Part.
Past
Past Part
do
(helping verb)
doing
did
(helping verb)
done
EXAMPLES:
o Good students do their homework and turn it in on time.
o Great students are doing their best everyday to be successful.
o Teachers did everything they needed to do to be successful.
o Both parents and teachers have done their jobs to help students be
successful.
4. …by making NO changes
Base Present Part.
hurt
(helping verb)
hurting
Past
Past Part
hurt
(helping verb)
hurt
EXAMPLES:
 Students hurt their average when they do not follow directions on
assignments.
 Humans are hurting the planet by polluting.
 Samuel hurt his sister’s feelings by telling her she could not go with him to
Six Flags.
 Sometimes we hurt others’ feelings unknowingly.